凸轮机构运动分析及创新毕业设计试验平台研制

摘要

凸轮机构是工程中用来实现机械化和自动化的重要驱动和控制机构之一，在轻工、食品、纺织、印刷、医药、标准零件制造、交通运输等领域运行的工作机械中都获得广泛应用。但随着社会发展和科技进步，为了提高产品的质量和生产率，作为机械设备核心部件的凸轮机构而言，必须进一步提高它的设计水平，在解析法设计的基础上开展计算机辅助设计的研究和推广应用。因此，开展对凸轮机构运动分析的研究，对于揭示机构的运动性能，进行机构的优化设计和动力学分析有着重要的实际意义。

本文首先介绍了凸轮机构的发展概况，提出课题的背景和意义，接着指出国内外研究的趋势和国内高校凸轮机构实验仅局限于对运动参数的测量与分析，然后提出以现实生活中最常用的一些凸轮为基础来研究凸轮机构试验平台中从凸轮轮廓设计到加工到试验这一整个系统构成。凸轮轮廓线的设计在解析法的基础上用计算机软件进行绘制。凸轮加工的方法用最常见的线切割加工，用CAXA线切割软件来辅助写代码。平台可测量盘形凸轮，圆柱凸轮，直动从动件及摆动从动件组成的不同的凸轮机构的运动特性。从动件的回复力采用恒定重力的重力回复，直动的轨道用直线导轨，进一步的提高测量精度。在实验台中各个传感器的设计位置，可以让学生直观去观察从动件的速度、加速度；同时，为了让实验台的测量数据更加丰富，在实验台上加上旋转编码器，就可以观察和研究凸轮机构的在运行中输入轴的速度，让整个实验台的功能更加的强大，实验内容更加丰富，对凸轮机构运动研究也很有帮助。

关键词：凸轮机构；运动分析；解析法；试验台；软件辅助设计

Abstract

The cam mechanism is one of the drive and control mechanism used to achieve the mechanization and automation project, running in the field of light industry, food, textile, printing, medicine, standard parts manufacturing, transportation machinery are widely available. With the social development and scientific and technological progress in order to improve product quality and productivity, as the core components of the cam mechanism of the machinery and equipment necessary to further improve the design level, on the basis of the analytical method designed to carry out the study of computer-aided design and application. Therefore, to carry out the analysis of motion of the cam mechanism to reveal the kinematic performance, the optimal design of the institutions and dynamics analysis has important practical significance. This paper first introduces the overview of the development of the cam mechanism, put forward the background and significance of the topic, then pointed out that research trends at home and abroad and domestic universities cam mechanism experiment is only limited to the measurement and analysis of motion parameters, and then put forward to the most commonly used in real life cam based design of an innovative test platform to conduct a series of experiments to design, analysis and testing of the cam mechanism. Cam profile design computer software to draw on the basis of the analytical method. Cam processing method with the most common line cutting, with CAXA line cutting software to assist write code. Platform to measure disk cam, cylindrical cam, direct-acting the motion characteristics of the follower and oscillating follower cam mechanism. The restoring force of the driven member with constant gravity gravity reply movable straight track with a linear guide, and further improve the measurement accuracy. In the experimental Taichung sensor design, allows students intuitive to observe the follower velocity, acceleration; richer, in order