00096-外刊经贸知识选读-课文翻译-第7课
外刊经贸知识选读14页word文档
第一章一、术语1. 制成品manufactured goods2. 资本货物capital goods3. 国际收支balance of payments4. 经常项目current account5. 有形贸易项目visible trade account6. 无形贸易项目invisible trade account7. 贸易顺差trade surplus8. 贸易逆差trade deficit ['defɪsɪt; 'diː-]n. 赤字；不足额9. 易货贸易barter ['bɑːtə]vi. 进行易货贸易；[贸易] 作物物交换；讨价还价10. 补偿贸易compensation trade [kɒmpen'seɪʃ(ə)n]n. 补偿；报酬；赔偿金11. 反向贸易counter-trade vt. 反击，还击；反向移动，对着干；反驳，回答12. 组装生产assembly manufacturing n. 装配；集会，集合13. 工商统一税industrial and commercial consolidated tax14. 合资企业joint venture15. 延期付款deferred payment16. 买方信贷buyer credit17. 卖方信贷supplier credit18. 软贷款(低息贷款) soft loan19. 最惠国待遇MFN treatment (Most Favored nation treatment)20. 永久性正常贸易关系PNTR (Permanent Normal Trading Relations)21. 国民收入NI (National Income)22. 国民生产总值GNP (Gross National Product)23. 国内生产总值GDP (Gross Domestic Product)24. 国际复兴和开发银行IBRD (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development)25. 国际开发协会IDA (International Development Association)26. 国际金融公司IFC (International Finance Corporation)27. 经济合作和发展组织OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)28. 国际清算银行BIS (Bank for International Settlement)29. 欧洲经济共同体EEC (European Economic Community)30. 欧洲联盟EU (European Union)31. 外商直接投资FDI (Foreign Direct Investment)二、词语释义：1. substantially: dramatically; significantly; considerably大幅度戏剧地；/引人注目地，意味深长地；/值得注目地； /相当地，非常地；2. subsequently: afterwards随后，其后；后来/后来；然后3. exacerbate: deteriorate; worsen; aggravate; make worse使加剧；使恶化；激怒/恶化，变坏/恶化；变得更坏；更坏/加重；使恶化；激怒/使更糟4. withdraw: cancellation撤退；收回；撤消；拉开/取消；删除5. theme: principle6. in return for: in exchange for7. disrupt: interrupt 中断8. destined: designed 注定的，有计划的9. pronounced: marked 显著的；断然的；/显著的；有记号的10. in the wake of: following; after with11. undue: too much; unbearable12. reverse: change to the opposite13. buoyant: brisk14. outcome: result15. boost: stimulate; promote; develop16. recover: rebound17. facilitate: make easy18. run-down: reduction19. mount exhibitions: hold exhibitions20. insofar as: to the extent21. bottlenecks: obstacles三、句子翻译1. During the 1950s China exported agricultural products to the USSR and East European countries in return for manufactured goods and the capital equipment required for the country‘s industrialization program which placed emphasis on the development of heavy industry.20世纪50年代，中国向前苏联和东欧各国出口农产品以换取制成品和国家的工业化计划所要求的资本设备，而国家的工业化计划则强调重工业的发展。
外刊经贸知识选读课带中文翻译（7）
外刊经贸知识选读课带中文翻译（7）旺旺英语Lesson 7 Japan Says NoTOKYOAmerica wants Japan to meet import targets for some American goods. An unwilling Japan has decided to draw the line.美国希望日本达到进口美国货物的指标，不那么情愿的日本决定划定最低界线。
Once, when Japan faced pressure from abroad, it would either give in reluctantly or keep quiet and hope that the fuss would die down. No longer, it seems. The Clinton administration strongly believes in exerting such pressure. Its policy is to open some Japanese markets (which it deems to be closed) by setting import targets—an approach to trade policy that supporters call “results-oriented”. This ugly term foreshadows uncertain consequences. Far from capitulating to this new thrust要点，目标of American trade policy, Japan is taking a stand that could lead to a trans-pacific confrontation.从前，日本面对外来压力时，或者勉强屈服，或者保持沉默，并希望这种压力逐渐消失。
外刊经贸知识选读课带中文翻译
外刊经贸知识选读课带中文翻译The Curtain Goes up 竹幕卷起Peking permits foreign investment all along its coastline ― creating differing rules and added confusion中国政府允许外国在沿海投资― 从而差生了不同的法则并引起困惑By Mary Lee in Beijing1. A clearly confident China has rolled up a large section of its bamboo curtain, declared itself "open to the outside world" and hung signs on nearly all its cities inviting foreign investors to come and do serious business.满怀信心地中国卷起大部分竹幕，向世界宣布“对外开放”，几乎所有的城市都张挂起邀请外商来投资作正当生意的招牌。
2. The four special economic zones (SEZs) in Guangdong and Fujian Provinces, 14 coastal cities (all former treaty ports) and Hainan island (19 "open" areas in all) nave specifically designed tax and other incentives for the foreign investor. But every Provincial capital is doing its best to attract foreign investment.广东省和福建省的4个经济特区、14个沿海开放城市（都是以前的通商口岸）和海南岛（总共十九个“开放”区）为外国投资者制定了税收和其他方面的鼓励政策。
自考00096外刊经贸知识选读-翻译题
第一章1. During the 1950s China exported agricultural products to the USSR and East European countries in return for manufactured goods and the capital equipment required for the country's industrialization programme | which placed emphasis on the development of heavy industry.20世纪50年代，中国向前苏联和东欧各国出口农产品以换取制成品和国家的工业化计划所要求的资本设备，而国家的工业化计划则强调重工业的发展。
2. The growth of foreign trade was distrupted again during the Cultural Revolution when agricultural | and industrial production fell sharply and transportation constraints became m ore serious.在文化大革命期间，外贸的增长又一次被打断了。
当时农业和工业生产急剧下降，运输管制变的更严重。
3. Exports grew much faster than imports during this period | not only because o f the strong emphasis placed on exporting by China's economic planners, but also because a number of industrial projects were postponed in1979. Official recognition (that foreign technology could play a major role in modernizing the Chinese economy)has caused imports to rise by more than 50 per cent in 1978, placing undue strain on the national economy.在这个时期，出口增长要快于进口增长不仅是由于中国经济计划者着重强调出口，也是因为大多工业项目在1979年被推迟了。
外刊经贸知识选读lesson
债务危机
债务危机是指在国际借贷领域中大量负债，超 过了借款者自身的清偿能力，造成无力还债或 必须延期还债的现象。
第九页，编辑于星期五：五点 十五分。
发展中国家的债务危机起源于20世纪70年代，80年代初爆发。 从1976～1981年，发展中国家的债务迅速增长，到1981年
第二十页，编辑于星期五：五点 十五分。
2.offset vt. 抵消；弥补；
n. 抵消，补偿；平版印刷
The gains offset the losses.
收支相抵。
In basketball, he offsets his small size by his cleverness and speed.
7. moderate adj. 稳健的，温和的；适度的，中等的；有节制的 vi. 变缓和，变弱
vt. 节制；减轻
His fury moderated when he learned why she had done it.
当他知道了她那样做的原因时，他的火气就消了。 The adjustment of the interest rate will moderate. 利率的调整将会放缓。
债务困扰严重的主要是巴西、墨西哥、阿根廷、委内瑞 拉、智利和印度等国。
第十页，编辑于星期五：五点 十五分。
8. consecutive adj. 连贯的；连续不断的 Wal-Mart Stores reported falling same-
store sales for the fifth consecutive quarter. 沃尔玛汇报可比店销售连续第五个季度下降。
外债总额积累达5550亿美元，以后两年经过调整，危机缓和，
外刊经贸知识选读翻译
旺旺英语Lesson 14Soft Commodities非耐用商品Many prices are at historic lows, and the IMF expects further falls. Yet there are signs that the worse may be over. One key commodity, sugar, has recovered.许多商品的价格处于历史最低点，虽然国际货币基金组织预计价格还会进一步下跌。
但是，有迹象表明，最糟的局面已经结束了。
因为“糖”这种关键性商品的价格已经回升了。
Markets Have Lost Their Allure 市场已失去吸引力For Most people involved in the production and trading of “soft” or agricultural commodities, this is proving to be a grim decade.对于大多数生产并买卖非耐用商品或农业品的人来说，这十年无疑是阴暗的十年。
Prices are in many cases at, or near, historic lows in real terms as markets struggle to cope with floods of surplus produce. And—with most soothsayers forecasting flat, or still lower, prices—the markets themselves have lost much of their allure.许多情况下，产品的价格都在实际意义上处于或接近历史最低价，这是因为市场要应付泛滥成灾的过剩的农产品。
同时，大多数预言家预测价格将会持平，或者更低。
市场自身已经失去了很多的魅力。
Speculators who profited handsomely from the price volatility of the 1970s have deserted soft commodities for the newer excitement of financial futures or the security and big yields afforded by the equity and money markets.从20世纪70年代的价格不稳中大笔获益的投机者们已经放弃了非耐用商品而寻求金融期货或有价证券带来的新的刺激以及股票和货币市场提供的巨额利润。
00096自考外刊经贸知识选读英汉词组互译
00096自考外刊经贸知识选读英汉词组互译自考外刊经贸知识选读英汉词组互译1barrier-free market自由/无壁垒市场2test market试销市场3budget deficit预算赤字4capital-intensive investment资金密集型投资5top-of-the-line technology行业内领先技术6visible trade account有型贸易项目7punitive import tariff惩罚性进口关税8intellectual property right知识产权9most favored nation status最惠国待遇10depression销条11trade surplus贸易顺差12deflation通货紧缩13barter trade易货贸易14futures market期货市场15current account经常项目16invisible trade无形贸易17compensation trade补偿贸易18devaluation贬值19per capita income人均收入20infrastructure基础设施21market share市场分额22special economic zone经济特区23exclusive agency agreement独家代理协议24finished goods/manufactured goods制成品25agriculture and industrial production工农业生产26trade balance贸易差额27merger兼并28market force市场力量29monetary policy货币政策30world trade organization世界贸易组织31personal/individual income tax个人所得税32commodity/goods market商品市场33service trade服务贸易34primary goods初级产品35international monetary fund国际货币基金组织36per capita GDP(gross domestic product)人均国内生产总值37convertible currency可兑换货币38customs duties and taxation海关关税39good infrastructure 良好的基础设施40deinflationary policy反通货膨胀政策41trade sanction贸易制裁42at the summit meeting峰会43on a conservative estimate据保守估计44price hike价格上涨45self-sufficient自给自足46liquid assets流动资产47trade fairs and exhibitions贸易展销会48preferential tax rate优惠关税49vested interests既得利益50export quota出口配额51government procurement政府采购52European integration欧洲一体化53bilateral pacts双边条约54countervailing duty反补贴税5524.fledgling industries新兴工业56stock market股票市场57capital transfer资本转移58trade discrimination贸易歧视59bilateral trade双边贸易60European continent欧洲大陆61carbon tax双重税62state-owned enterprises国有企业63competitive advantage竞争优势64balance of payments国际收支65high-tech高技术66portfolio investment证券投资67free market自由市场68trade barriers贸易壁垒69glut of supply供应过剩70equivalent value对等价值71economic recession经济衰退72unfair trade不平等交易73exclusive contract独家经销合同74per capita income人均收入75long-term strategy长期战略76GATT关税及贸易总协定77financial crisis金融危机78trade representative商务代表79physical market现货市场80financial deregulation撤销金融管制规定81sovereignty dispute主权争端82hard currency硬通货83merger of banks银行兼并84a hermit naiton闭关自守的国家85trade negotiation贸易谈判86at a rough estimate据粗略估计87Chinese export commodities fair中国出口商品交易会88foreign exchange reserve外汇储备89debt sevice/interest payment利息付款90sole foreign funded外商独资91technology transfer技术转让92domestic demand国内需求93export oriented出口导向94trade balance贸易差额95certificate of origin产地证书96customs duties进口税97clearing agreement清算协议98real estate房地产99business cycle商业周期100fiscal packages财政一揽子计划101debt service利息付款102 good resistance强阻力103cash crops经济作物104GNP国民生产总值105deinflationary policy反通胀政策106short supply供应短缺107the World Bank世界银行108capital goods资本货物109productive force生产力110foreign exchange earnings外汇收入111profit-remittance 利润汇款112national income国民收入113closing level收盘价。
经贸专业报刊阅读 翻译 UNIT7-8
第七单元1.Just the night before, the trio had wrapped up a deal to rescueinsurance giant American International Group and gone to bed praying it would halt the panic and worrying it wouldn't.就在昨晚，“三人组”完成了一项交易，用以挽救保险巨头美国国际集团，临睡前，他们祈祷这项交易能够制止市场恐慌，但又担心它无法制止。
2.The notion that a massive, unprecedented intervention in the financialmarkets should be the final economic act of a Republican President was made all the more stunning by the sight of no less a free-marketeer than Vice President Dick Cheney being dispatched to the Hill to sell it to furious Republicans.人们认为对金融市场大规模、史无前例的干涉将会是共和党布什总统执政期间的最后一项经济方案。
当人们看到最坚定的自由市场支持者副总统迪克、切尼被派往国会劝说愤怒的共和党人接受该方案时，这一观点就更加令人惊讶了。
3.Who does what depends on which agency has the most authority forthe task at hand.谁做什么取决于哪个机构对当前工作拥有最大权限。
4.But asking Congress for $700billion overnight when lawmakers havebeen unable for years to find funds for all sorts of other national priorities provoked a bitter and bipartisan backlash.但是由于立法者们多年来都无法为其他各类国家重点计划解决资金问题，因此要求国会一夜之间出资7000亿美元激起了两党的强烈反对。
外刊经贸知识选读翻译
旺旺英语Lesson 12Soft Drink Wars: the Next Battle 软饮料战：下一次战争The reformulation of Coke has given the feuding cola giants a chance to go at each other again.可口可乐的重新配方为长期不和的可乐巨头提供了一个新开战的机会。
But Coca-Cola and PepsiCo are spoiling for yet another fight, and this time they’re picking on the little guys: non-cola makers like Seven-Up and Dr Pepper.By Monci Jo Williams 但是可口可乐和百事可乐一心想进行另一场战斗，这一次它们选中了小企业：“七喜”和“佩拍博士”。
In the U.S. soft drink industry, where 1% of the market is worth $ 300 million in retail sales, Coca-Cola and PepsiCo don’t wage mere market share battles. They fight holy wars. These days the fighting is on two fronts. One is on the vast plains of the cola business, where the reformulation of Coke has Pepsi on the defensive. The other is in the back alleys of the smaller, non-cola market. Until now these have been dominated by other companies. As growth of high-calorie colas slows, however, Coca-Cola and PepsiCo are invading new territory.在美国的软饮料行业，1％的市场份额就意味着3亿美元的零售额，可口可乐公司和百事可乐公司进行的不仅仅是争夺市场份额的斗争，他们进行的是“圣战”。
外刊经贸知识选读lesson7
4. tariff：['tæ rif ] 2) n. list of fixed charges 价格表 We shall be glad if you will take not of the enclosed tariffs and trust soon to be forwarded with your kind instructions. 注意所附运费表，并请早日批示为盼。
4. tariff：['tæ rif ] n. 1) list of taxes on goods imported or (less often) exported; tax on a particular class of import goods 进出口货物（较少指出口货物）课 税表；某一类货物进口税或关税 Under trade agreements, certain goods from certain countries may be exempt from some of the tariffs. 根据贸易协定，来自特定国家的特定商品可免征 部分关税。 Some countries raise tariff walls against foreign goods. 有些国家建立关税壁垒以抵制外国商品。
The food and drinks company was forced to reduce price to keep its market share. 食品和饮料公司被迫以降价来保持其市场占有率。
Terminology (Technical Expressions)
White Paper fiscal packages industrial commodities the business cycle managed trade export-driven trade balance trade sanctions trade reprisal free trade 白皮书 财政一揽子计划 技术产品；耐用消费品 商业周期 管理贸易 以出口为目的 贸易差额 贸易制裁 贸易报复 自由贸易
经贸英语文章选读UNIT 7 International Trade
2021/6/28
8
TEXT A New Words and Expressions:
1. caveman n. （史前石器时代的）穴居人；野人
caveman Economic activity began with the
, who was economically self-sufficient.
经济活动始于自给自足的穴居人。
2. surplus n. 剩余；顺差；盈余；过剩
surplus I deny that "
value is the source of profit" in any useful sense.
在任何有用的意义上，我都否认“剩余价值是利润的源泉”。
2021/6/28
9
TEXT A New Words and Expressions:
UNIT 7 International Trade
2021/6/28
1
CONTENTS
Teaching Aims Text A Text B
Supplementing Reading
2021/6/28
2
TEACHING AIMS
After studying this unit, you are required to
.
进口是在国外生产的但在国内销售的商品与服务。
2021/6/28
12
TEXT A New Words and Expressions:
9. merchandise n. 商品；货物
merchandise We can supply any reasonable quantity of this
.
对彼商品，我们能供应任何适当的数量。
国际经贸高级英语 精读与翻译 第7课 中英对照课文翻译
•
然而,在19世纪后期,古 典经济学家(的观点)受到 马克思主义和社会主义构 想的威胁.再分配被加入政 府的合法功能,要求一些国 家引导的从富者到欠富者 的财富转移.在那时,公众 基础教育已经占主导地位. 在19世纪八十年代,只是 (给公众)带来最小的合适 的利益,社会保障制度首先 在德国引入.尽管如此,政 府的职责还是相当局限的.
•
In the later part of the nineteenth century, however,classical economists were challenged by Marxian and socialist thinking .Redistribution was added to the legitimate functions of government ,demanding some state-induced transfer of wealth from the rich to the less fortunate.By that time ,public primary education was already predominant ,and the first social security system,albeit with minimal eligibility and benefits ,was introduced in Germany in the 1880s.Nevertheless, the role of government remained limited.
•
The period after WWII .The post-WWII period,and particularly the period between 1960 and 1980,saw an unprecedented enthusiasm for activist expenditure policies.Various factorssuch as Keynesian economics,the challenge of socialism,and the theory of public goods and externalities-contributed to this development.
外刊经贸知识选读全部课文翻译
Lesson 1 China in the Market Place市场经济中的中国(Excerpts)（摘录）Barry Coulthurst examines the development of China’s trade policy and the present state of the overseas links--巴里库尔塞斯特对中国贸易政策的演变和当前与海外经济往来状况的研究自从中华人民共和国成立以来，中国对外贸易的模式发生了巨大的变化。
20世纪50年代，中国向苏联和东欧国家出口农产品换取制造品和资本设备，用于侧重于重工业发展所必须的工业化项目。
1958~1959年的―大跃进‖最初在工农业生产上带来收益，但随后又导致了严重的经济平衡。
三年自然灾害(1959-1961)加剧了经济问题，造成1960-1962年间的国民收入和对外贸易额的减少。
20世纪60年代，苏联经济和技术援助撤走，导致了中国与苏联及经互会成员国的贸易转向于日本和西欧国家的贸易。
中国对外贸易政策的一贯宗旨是重视与第三世界国家发展贸易关系。
―文化大革命‖期间（1966-1976）工农业生产一落千丈，交通运输限制更加严重，中国对外贸易的增长再次中断。
The Sino-USA agreement on trade relations, which came into force（解释：施行）in February 1980, accords China most-favoured nation treatment.（最惠国待遇）在实现四个现代化中起着很大作用的对外贸易在近几年发展很快。
1978年2月于日本签订了一个主要贸易协定，根据这个协定，中国向日本出口每盒石油换取工业设备和技术。
1978年中国也与欧共体签订了长期贸易协定，继1979年初与美国的外交关系正常化以后，中美贸易发展迅速。
美国遵照1980年1月25日生效的中美贸易关系协定给与中国最惠国待遇。
外刊经贸知识选读lesson7、8
• Vocabulary • Terminology (Technical Expressions) • Language Points
Vocabulary
1. target：['tɑ:git ] 1）n. objective (set for saving, production, etc.) total which it is desired to reach (储蓄、生产等 的目标；欲达到的总数、指标)
5. Para. 7
Haraoka所在部门的分析解释了近期日本贸易 顺差增长的原因：由于日本国内经济衰退，昂贵 的奢侈品的进口有所下降，而这些场频在20世纪 80年代后期却是十分流行的。另外，由于其他地 区的经济增长放缓，日本工业所依赖的国际商品 的价格下落，由此使日本贸易顺差更为明显。另 一方面，由于购买日本机械产品的亚洲国家经济 的持续高速增长，日本机械产品出口仍可经受经 济疲软而保持持续增长。
2. meet v. satisfy 满足
Our Sales Manager will make sure that the delivery date is met.
我们公司的销售经理会确保按规定日期交货。
These instruments are issued by major corporation to meet their short-term borrowing needs.
2）v. set the objectives or aims in business 定指 标
A company may decide to target several market segments and design separate offers for each.
外刊经贸知识选读_lesson 7
Lesson 7 Japan Says NoTOKYOAmerica wants Japan to meet import targets for some American goods. An unwilling Japan has decided to draw the line.美国希望日本达到进口美国货物的指标，不那么情愿的日本决定划定最低界线。
Once, when Japan faced pressure from abroad, it would either give in reluctantly or keep quiet and hope that the fuss would die down. No longer, it seems. The Clinton administration strongly believes in exerting such pressure. Its policy is to open some Japanese markets (which it by setting import targets—an approach to trade policy that supporters call ”. This ugly term foreshadows uncertain consequences. Far from capitulating to this new thrust(要点，目标) of American trade policy, Japan is taking a stand that could lead to a trans-pacific confrontation.从前，日本面对外来压力时，或者勉强屈服，或者保持沉默，并希望这种压力逐渐消失。
但现这种情况已经一去不复返了。
克林顿政府热衷于拖加这样的压力（依然认为对日施加贸易压力会有效果。