高中英语语法之代词

1) 宾格代替主格
a.在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not 在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not 后，多用宾语。 ---- She likes English. ---- Me too. ---- Have more wine? ---- Not me. me.
b.在表示比较的非正式的文体中，常用宾格代替 b.在表示比较的非正式的文体中，常用宾格代替 主格。但如果比较状语的谓语保留，则主语只能 主格。但如果比较状语的谓语保留，则主语只能 用主格。 用主格。
every two weeks
疑问代词
疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用，用来构成疑 问句。
指人：who, whom, whose 指物：what 既可指人又可指物： 既可指人又可指物：which Whose are these books on the desk? Whose books are these on the desk?
Nobody came, did he? he?
2）动物名词的指代一般用it或they代替，有时也用he, ）动物名词的指代一般用it或they代替，有时也用he, she，带有亲切的感情色彩。 she，带有亲切的感情色彩。
Give the cat some food. She is hungry.
b. 用于及物动词+宾语+介词 用于及物动词+宾语+ take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth.
I could not dress (myself) up at that time.
有些动词后不跟反身代词， get up, sit-down, sitstand up, wake up等。 up等。
替代问题 替代问题
不定代词 anybody，everybody，nobody，anyone， anybody，everybody，nobody，anyone， someone， everyone， one， whoever和person在正 someone， everyone，no one， 及whoever和person在正 式场合使用时，可用he, 式场合使用时，可用he, his, him代替。 him代替。
句中动词所叙述的动作或感觉在涉及的各 个对象之间是相互存在的
指示代词
指示代词分单数（ 指示代词分单数（this / that）和复数（these that） 复数（ / those）两种形式，既可作限定词又可做代 those）两种形式，既可作限定词又可做代 词。
This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers. This is Mary. Those are my teachers.
不定代词Leabharlann Baidu
all , both, every, each, either, neither, more, little, few, much, many, another, other, some, any , one, no something, anything, everything, nothing , somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, everybody, everyone , no one, none 1 Both of them are teachers． teachers． 2 I know nothing about this person． person． 3 This book is too much for a child． child． 4 There is a little water in the glass． glass．
双重所有格 物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which等词 which等词 一起前置，修饰一个名词，而必须用双重所有格。 公式为： a, an, this, that +名词+of +名词性物主代词 名词+
3）指代车或国家，船舶的名词，含感情色彩时常用 she。 she。
排序问题 排序问题
you I and she/he; we you they It was I and John that made her angry.（承认错误） angry.（承认错误） I and you try to finish it. （第一人称优于后者） 第一人称优于后者）
相互代词
each other ；one another
It is easy to see that the people of different cultures have always copied each other. other. People should love one another. another. Usually these small groups were independent of each other. other. He put all the books beside one another. another. The students borrowed each other's notes.
2 both, either, neither和nor both, either, neither和
Both of the books belong to John. Either of the books belongs to John. Neither of the books belongs to John. There are flowers on both sides of the street. There are flowers on either side of the street. She can't sing，neither (can) he. sing， He can't sing，nor dance，nor skate. sing， dance，
He is taller than I/me. He is taller than I am.
2) 主格代替宾格
在电话用语中常用主格。 电话用语中常用主格。
---- I wish to speak to Mary. ---- This is she.
在动词be 在动词be 或to be 后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词 而定。 I thought it was she. she. I thought it to be her. her. I was taken to be she. she. They took me to be her. her.
which VS. what
Which girls do you like best? What girls do you like best?
Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you. (引导从句) 引导从句)
Every student has to take one. Each boy has to take one. Each of the boys has to take one.
否定及意义
Every man is not honest. 并非每个人都诚实。 Each man is not honest. 这儿每个人都不诚实。
3 every; each every;
整体与个体
Every student in our school works hard. 我们学校的学生都很用功。 Each student may have one book. 每个学生都可有一本书。
every 指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，each指两 指三个以上的人或物(含三个) each指两 个以上的人或物 (含两个)。 含两个) 形容词与代词
高中英语语法之 代词
代词的定义 代词的定义与分类 定义与
代词是代替名词的词，可以分为： 代词是代替名词的词，可以分为：
人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词 不定代词 互相代词 疑问代词 关系代词
人称代词
主格与宾格
a. -- Who broke the vase? b. -- Me. （me作主语补语= It’s me.） me作主语补语= me.）
Please sit down.
作表语或同位语 表语或
I am not myself today.我今天不舒服。 today.我今天不舒服。 The thing itself is not important.
but, except, for 等介词后宾语用反身代词或 人称代词宾格均可。
No one but myself (me) is hurt. me) ( ) Myself drove the car. ( ) I myself drove the car. ( ) Charles and myself saw it. 反身代词本身不能单独做主语。 You should be proud of yourself. yourself. （第二人称做宾语时用反身代词） 第二人称做宾语时用反身代词）
1 all
All the students go to the Great Wall. All goes well. (主谓一致) 主谓一致) Not all the students went to the Great Wall. None of the students went to the Great Wall. (否定) 否定)
关系代词
The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin. The girl whom I spoke to is my cousin. This is the pencil whose point is broken. He came back for the book which he had forgotten. He said he saw me there, which was a lie. I’ve forgotten much of the Latin I once knew. He's changed. He's not the man he was.
a friend of mine. each brother of his.
反身代词
做宾语
a. 有些动词需有反身代词：absent, bathe, amuse, 有些动词需有反身代词：absent, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behave
We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. Please help yourself to some fish.
That和those可作定语从句的先行词，但this That和those可作定语从句的先行词，但this 和these不能，同时，在作先行词时，只有 these不能，同时，在作先行词时，只有 those可指人。 those可指人。
He admired that which /those who looked beautiful. He admired those who danced well. （） He admired that who danced well. （）
物主代词
May I use your pen? Yours works better. I love my motherland as much as you love yours. Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours.