地下水与地表水的比较(中英文对照)
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地下水和地表水的比较
Comparision of groundwater and surface water Groundwater：
㈠Definition:
It refers to the burial and movement in different depth below the surface of the soil and rock gap in the water, the narrow sense of the groundwater is the underground 1000m range of water.
㈡Features:
①Flow slowly.
②Water quality parameters change slowly.
③Once the pollution, it is difficult to restore.
④Differences in burial depth, the temperature variation ofdifferent.
⑤Water quality status after removing easy to change.
⑥Little influence from the outside word.
⑦Located below the water resisting layer, which belongs to the static water.
⑧Cycle update cycle is long.
㈢Availability:
①Wells and springs are the most water we use daily.
②Development and utilization of groundwater, as residents living water, industrial water and irrigation water sources.
③ However groundwater can also cause some harm, such as too much water, will cause the railway, highway collapse, flooded mine tunnel, the formation of swamps and so.
④ Groundwater can not be blind and over exploitation, otherwise easy to form the problem of underground cavity, ground subsidence and so on.
Surface water：
㈠Definition:
It is present in the earth's surface is exposed to the
atmosphere, water, river, lake, glacier is the floorboard, marsh four kinds of water.
㈡Features:
①In addition to the sea salt content is extremely high.Other surface water with low salinity level.
②Compared with groundwater, the lower hardness.
③Content of pollutants in surface water is very high.
④From outside influence.
⑤Suspended solids and high turbidity.
⑥In the water resisting layer above, belongs to the dynamic water.
⑦Cycle short update cycle.
㈢Availability:
①It is one of the important sources of human life in the water, but also the major component of water resource countries.
②Surface water storage surface runoff.
③Use water storage function of aquifer, storage water period of excess surface water, low water period for use.
④From the sea near, more abundant surface water.