(完整)中英=高级英语1何兆熊Unit5conservativesandliberals

Unit 5 conservatives and liberals

保守派和革新派

Conservatives and Liberals

Ralph Waldo Emerson

1. The two parties which divide the state, the party of Conservative and that of innovation, are very old, and have disputed the possession of the world ever since it was made. This quarrel is the subject of civil history. The conservative party established the reverend hierarchies and monarchies of the most ancient world. The battle of patrician and plebian, of parent state and colony, of old usage and accommodation to new facts, of the rich and, of the poor, reappears in all countries and times. The war rages not only in battlefields, in national councils, and ecclesiastical synods, but agitates every man’s bosom with opposing advantages every hour. On rolls the old world meantime, and now one, now the other gets the day, and still the fight renews itself as if for the first time, under new names and hot personalities.

这个国家存在着两个政党，保守党和革新党。这两个政党长期存在，并且，自从这个世界存在财产后，两个政党就有了争端。这种争端是人民历史发展的主题。保守党建立了这个世界最古老的值得尊敬的等级制度和君主制。两党之间的战争包括贵族和平民，宗主国和殖

民地，旧秩序和新秩序，穷人和富人。这些争端存在于所有国家的每个时刻。战争的范围不仅是在战场，在国家议会和基督教议会，而且每时每刻都以反对性质的优势牵动着每个人的内心。旧世界被推翻的同时建立起新世界。今天新世界发展得很好，但是他仍然要不断的以新的的名字和时代性个性更新自我，。

2. Such an irreconcilable antagonism, of course, must have a correspondent depth of seat in the human constitution. It is the opposition of Past and Future, of Memory and Hope, of the Understanding and Reason. It is the primal antagonism, the appearance in trifles of the two poles of nature.

当然，如此势不两立的敌对势力必须对人类的体制有相似深度的理解。这就是过去和将来，记忆和希望，理解和原因的对立。最基本的敌对势力存在于自然两级中的琐事中。

3. There is a fragment of old fable which seems somehow to have been dropped from the current mythologies, which may deserve attention, as it appears to relate to this subject.

有一个古老预言的片段似乎一定程度上能用来解释现今的神话，它很值得关注，因为它与这个主题相关。

4. Saturn grew weary of sitting alone, or with none but the great Uranus or Heaven beholding him, and he created an oyster. Then he would act again, but he made nothing more, but went on creating the race of oysters. Then Uranus cried, “a new work, O

Saturn! The old is not go od again.”

5. Saturn replied, “I fear. There is not only the alternative of making and not making, but also of unmaking. Seest thou the great sea, how it ebbs and flows? So is it with me; my power ebbs; and if I put forth my hands, I shall not do, but undo. Therefore I do what I have done; I hold what I have got; and so I resist Night and Chaos.”

6. “O Saturn,” replied Uranus. “Thou canst not hold thine own, but by making more. Thy oysters are barnacles and cockles, and with the next flowing of the tide, they will be pebble and sea foam.”

7. “I see,” rejoins Saturn, “thou art in league with Night, thou art become an evil eye: thou spakest from love; now thy words smite me with hatred. I appeal to Fate, must there not be rest?”---“I appeal to Fate also,” said Uranus, “must there not be motion?”--- But Saturn was silent and went on making oysters for a thousand years.

8. After that the word of Uranus came into his mind like a ray of the sun, and he made Jupiter; and then he feared again; and nature froze, the things that were made went backward, and to save the world, Jupiter slew his father Saturn.