American political parties(美国政党)
American-political-parties(美国政党)
Andrew Jackson 安德鲁杰克逊
Barack Obama 巴拉克奥巴马
• 1. The Republic Party was founded in 1854 by anti-slavery activists and modernizers. After its establishment, the Republic Party gained its political power for the first time in 1860, when Abraham Lincoln won the presidential election.
One is Republic Party（共和党）,
another is Democratic Party（民主党）
The Democratic Party -logo: donkey
The Republic Party -logo: elephant
• 1. The Democratic Party grew out of “AntiFederalists”（反联邦主义者）that appeared after 1789. It was founded in 1828, led by a group of planters and capitalists and a considerable number of small farmers. Thomas Jefferson was the leader.
• In 1789, there was a diverge from two main groups on the interpretation of constitution.
美国政党介绍 英语 PPT
• Support gay rights • Argue that the right for abortion should be with women.
Representatives
Summarization
Parties The Republicans The Democrats
Symbols Ideas Economic idea Social issues
Representatives
Ideology of the Democratic Party
• More liberal • Favor a strong social security system. • Believe that it is the responsibility of the government to take care of the individual citizens. • Support welfare programs for the people. • Favor strict gun control • Against death penalty.
__________ Elephant cБайду номын сангаасnservative
Donkey __________ liberal
free __________
Oppose large governmental social security programs business groups
market
__________ intervention
Political Parties In America
Symbols
The Democratic Party
美国政治制度用英语简洁介绍
美国政治制度用英语简洁介绍篇一：美国政治制度的英语作文The United State political systemAs far as I am concerned, I believe that the Constitutional federal republish of The United State is democratic. The United State federal system pursues the principe of “Checks and Balan ces”. The American constitution required that the state authority consisted of legislative branch, executive branch, judicial branch , which was parallel to others and restricted others. The Congress consists of the House and the Senate. Each state has two senators despite the population, which ensures that the small states have an equal power in one of the houses of Congress. The House of Representatives are elected according to the proportion of the population states. The main duty of the Congress is to make laws. Only when the House and the Senate vote and pass the bill and then send it to the president for his signature, can it become a law. The chief executive of the United State is the president.He is head of government, commander–in–chief of the armed forces and chief of state. The president is elected by the citizens and he has to be responsible for them. The president can veto the law that the Congressproposes. However,Congress can enact the law despite the president’s views only if two thirds of the members of both houses vote in favour of it. The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court. The judges are appointed by the president. The judges can have lifelong tenure if they do not commit a crime.In my opinion, I think that both the presidential election and the enactment of law in the United State are democratic. Thomas Jefferson ever said“As far as I understand it, the supreme power of the most reliable person in charge can only be the people themselves” in 1820. The American system of government represents the citizens benefit and promotes the economic development rapidly.However, the American system has also existed disadvantages. I think the racial prejudice is a serious problem in American society. A 18‐year‐old black youth named Michael Brown was shot by a white policeman and finally died in Missouri, America on August 9th 2014. whichcaused large‐scale demonstrations and developed the violent incident such as beating,smashing and looting in many places. When the grand jury judgedthat the white policeman can not be accused on November 24th , the protests spread quickly more than 170 cities in America. This issue caused wild public concern not only at home but also all over the world. Unfortunately, the racial problem has not been solved yet.Different from the America, China carried out the system of people’s congress, which fits our country’s situation. In political parties, America has two‐party system but China insists an single‐party system. I think that Chinese system has high efficiency in a short time but has poor long‐term stability, because of lacking power supervision. Instead, American system has low efficiency in short‐term but has high efficiency for a long time. Therefore, we can not say the Chinese system is superior to American system, because they both fit their own country’s situation and have positive impact on the economical development. However,the officials looting has become a more and more serious problem in our country. The officials’duties are serving to the people and doing something beneficial to the public. Butthey failed in their responsibility and looted,which may cause the public feel disappointed to the government. Although the government has taken effective measures to suppress the corruption,officials looting remains a serious problem in our country. So,I think that our government should perfect the power supervision system constantly and prevent the officials from looting. Only by doing this, our country may become better and better.篇二：美国政治制度英文the united state political systemin my opinion, i think that both the presidential election and the enactment of law in the united state are democratic. thomas jefferson ever said“as far as i understand it, the supreme power of the most reliable person in charge can only be the people themselves” in 1820. the american system of government represents the citizens benefit and promotes the economic development rapidly.however, the american system has also existed disadvantages. i think the racial prejudice is a serious problem in american society. a 18‐year‐old black youth named michael brown was shot by a white policeman and finally died in missouri, america on august 9th 2014. whichcaused large‐scale demonstrations and developed the violent incident such as beating,smashing and looting in many places. when the grand jury judgedthat the white policeman can not be accused on november 24th , the protests spread quickly more than 170 cities in america. this issue caused wild public concern not only at home but also all over the world. unfortunately, the racial problem has not been solved yet.the united state political systemin my opinion, i think that both the presidential election and the enactment of law in the united state are democratic. thomas jefferson ever said“as far as i understand it, th e supreme power of the most reliable person in charge can only be the people themselves” in 1820. the american system of government represents the citizens benefit and promotes the economic development rapidly.however, the american system has also existed disadvantages. i think the racial prejudice is a serious problem in american society. a 18‐year‐old black youth named michael brown was shot by a white policeman and finally died in missouri, america on august 9th 2014. which caused large‐scale demonstrations and developed theviolent incident such as beating,smashing and looting in many places. when the grand jury judgedthat the white policeman can not be accused on november 24th , the protests spread quickly more than 170 cities in america. this issue caused wild public concern not only at home but also all over the world. unfortunately, the racial problem has not been solved yet.一、英国政治体制的模式及特点英国的政治制度是典型的君主立宪制，其主要特点是“议会至上”、以内阁为权力核心、君主虚位、政党组织严密。
美国政治制度(精选汇编)
文档可编辑可打印，也可以直接使用，欢迎您的下载美国政治制度(精选汇编)第一篇：美国政治制度概况美国政治制度概况political institution（政治制度）1．the american constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world. it was draw up in 201987 and went into effect in 201989.美国宪法是世界上最早的成文宪法，它起草于201987年，生效于201989年。
2．in 201987,congress called for a meeting ofdelegate from all the states to revise the articles of confederation.201987年，国会召开各州代表参加的大会，主要目的是修改有明显缺点的《联邦条款》。
3．the government is divided into three branched: the legislative ,the executive ,and the judicial. each branch has part of the powers but not all the power.美国政府被分为3部分：立法机构，行政机构和司法机构。
4．in either case, amendments must have the approval of three-fourths of the states before they enter into force.有两种情可以提出修改宪法条款，但不管是哪种，修正案必须经过3/4的批准才能生效。
5．the president of the u.s is the head of the executive branch and the head of the state elected by the whole nation. the constitution requires the president to be a natural-born american citizen at least 35 years of age. the president election was held every 4 years .宪法规定总统必须是美国本土出生的美国公民，至少年满35岁，总统选举每四年举行一次。
Political parties in the United States
Constitution Party
• The Constitution Party is a conservative United States
political party. It was founded as the U.S. Taxpayers Party in 1992. The party's official name was changed to the Constitution Party in 1999; however, some state affiliate parties are known under different names. According to ballot access expert Richard Winger, the editor of Ballot Access News, who periodically compiles and analyzes voter registration statistics as reported by state voter agencies, it ranks third nationally amongst all United States political parties in registered voters, with 438,222 registered members as of October 2008.6 This makes it currently the largest third party in the United States.
•
Gry in the United States has won elected
office mostly at the local level; most winners of public office in the United States who are considered Greens have won nonpartisan-ballot elections (that is, elections in which the candidates' party affiliations were not printed on the ballot.10 In 2005, the Party had 305,000 registered members in states that allow party registration.11 During the 2006 elections the party had ballot access in 31 states.12 Greens emphasize environmentalism, non-hierarchical participatory democracy, social justice, respect for diversity, peace and nonviolence
英国,美国,加拿大政党介绍课件
The Labour Party
C. the features of the Labour Party
• relatively poor and underprivileged • strong in the heavily-populated industrial
areas and particularly associated with the working class • nationwide organization, few resources and heavily depends on the trade unions • conference for making the party policy
in 1833.
The Conservative Party
B. the nature of the Conservative Party It is the party of the right because the Conservatives are opposed to great changes in society and have a belief in private enterprise and freedom from state control.
Lord John Russell (1865–1868 )
• Liberal Leaders in the House of Lords
• As early as 1839 Russell had adopted the name Liberal Party
American Political Parties
The Conservative Party
C. the features of the Conservative Party
American Political System(1),美国政治体系
American Political System
Part One: The Declaration of Independence Part Two: American Constitution Part Three: The Federal System and the Institutions Part IV: Political Parties and Elections
Preamble (introductory statement) Statement of beliefs List of complaints Statement of prior attempts to redress grievances (complaints or protestations) Declaration of independence The signatures
III. Principles of the Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence has been considered the single most important expression of the ideals of U.S. democracy. As a statement of the fundamental principles of the United States, the Declaration is an enduring reminder of the country's commitment to popular government and equal rights for all.
美国政党基础知识 英文版
Decentralized Party Power Structures
American parties have been noted for low levels of
internal unity and lack of party faith in an ideology or a set of policy goals. They have existed to win elections and control the personnel of government. They have adopted basically centrist policy positions. Within the party in power, presidents cannot take for granted that their party's members of Congress will be loyal supporters of presidential programs. Party leaders in congress cannot expect straight partyline voting from members of their party.
The Republicans
Abraham Lincoln was the first Republican
President in 1861-65, and the Republicans were identified with the northern fight in the Civil War for a Union free of slavery. Afterwards, they represented the main stream of developing northern industry & free private enterprise
The Political Parties in the United States美国的政党体系
Elephant
Ideas
Economic idea Social issues Political support
conservative
market free __________
Oppose large governmental social security programs business groups
Introduction to British and American Culture
Support __________ a strong
social security system the less privileged
The two big parties rule the president position through the election campaign.
features
★more conservative
summarization
Parties Symbols The Republicaatics Donkey
__________ liberal __________ Government intervention
Democratic Party---民主党
★ The ★ Theparty partytypically typicallyargues arguesfor formore more
believes
government governmentcontrol controlover overeconomic economic matters mattersand andless lessgovernment governmentcontrol control over overindividual individualrights rights
美国政体词汇
General introduction1.The State System国家体制A state of dictatorship of the bourgeoisie 资产阶级专政国家Federalism 联邦制度The separation of powers 三权分立Respect for the constitution and the rule of law 尊重宪法和法律规定2.The Constitution 宪法3.The Federal Government 联邦政府The executive 行政权→president 总统The legislative 立法权→congress 国会→Senate 参议院& the House of Representatives 众议院The judicial 司法权→Supreme Court 最高法院& Lower Federal Courts 下属联邦法院Checks and balances 制约与平衡"Tripartite" Political System 三权分立1.Executive Branch 行政机构Propose legislation to Congress 向国会建议立法Veto 否决Override 推翻Vacant occur 有空缺Succession 继任Impeachment 弹劾2.Legislative BranchLevy(征收)federal taxescongress 国会Senate 参议院the House of Representatives 众议院Representative 众议院议员Senator 参议院议员3.Judicial BranchThe Supreme Court 最高法院The chief justice 首席法官Associate justices 大法官Federal courts of appeal 上诉法院Federal district courts 地方法院Interpret the Constitution of the United States 解释宪法Resolve disputes 调解争端judicial review（司法审查）13 departmentsState 国务院Treasury 财政部Defense 国防部Justice 司法部Interior 内政部Agriculture农业部Commerce商业部Labor劳工部Education 教育部Transportation 交通部Energy 能源部Health and Human Service卫生与公共服务事业部Housing and Urban Development住房与城市发展部American electionCaucus 核心会议Conservative 保守派Debate 辩论Divided government 分治的政府Federal Election Campaign Act(FECA) 联邦竞选法Federal Election Commission(FEC) 联邦选举委员会Front loading 前期吃重Front runner 领先者Gender gap 性别差异Hard money/Soft money 硬钱/软钱Liberal 自由派Matching funds 对等资金Midterm election 中期选举Platform 政纲Plurality rule 简单多数原则Primary 初选Protest vote 投抗议票Public funding 公共资助Push polling导向性民意调查Redistricting 选区重划Single member district 单一席位选区Super Tuesday 超级星期二Coattails燕尾提举力Convention bounce会后弹升Front-loading前置Electoral College选举团Plurality简单多数Primary election预选选举Single-member district单一席位选区Ticket splitting选票分散Town meeting社民会议Tracking survey跟踪调查universal sufferage 普选exit poll 出口民意Political Parties 政党Democratic Party 民主党Republican Party 共和党Ballot 投票presidential campaign 总统竞选Presidential candidate 总统候选人。
美国的政治党派【英文】
Libertarian Party Green Party Reform olitical Parties is to
a. recruit potential officeholders
b. simplify alternatives
c. unite the electorate
What Parties Do for Democracy
•Party Functions
•Organize the Competition •Unify the Electorate •Inspire and Inform Voters •Translate Preferences into Policy •Provide Loyal Opposition •Organize Government •Help Govern •Act as Watchdogs •Nominate Candidates •Ensure Candidate Quality
Barriers to Minor-Party Success
• History • Tradition • Consensus
Minor Parties: Persistence and Frustration
Ideological Parties Protest Parties Single Issue Parties Splinter Parties
•Party Systems – Multiparty and Two Party System
•Minor Parties: Persistence and Frustration
Party Systems
Multiparty Coalition government is necessary Two party • Winner-takes-all system
美国政党介绍(英文)
Republican Party Democratic Party
supporters the rich, freelancer, white collar Less government interference Military defense The poor, black,minorities, blue collar strong government interference welfare,education
Economic issues Domestic issues Political stance party emblem Representati ve president
conservative
elephant Lincoln,Clinton, Bush
liberal
donkey Roosevelt,Reagan, Kennedy,Kerry
Demopulican民主共和国政党的特征美国政党建设美国介绍英文日本政党香港政党台湾政党
The Republican Party VS the Democratic Party
Early nonpartisanship
----The framers of the US Constitution made no provision in the governmental structure for the functioning of political parties for they believed that parties were a source of corruption and an impediment to the freedom of people to judge issues on their merits.
《英语国家概况》各章节概要知识点——美国部分
《英语国家概况》各章节概要知识点——美国部分1. Population, Race and Ethnic Groups 人口与民族世界第三人口大国，20世纪90年代人口增长更加迅速，将来60年还将迅猛增加。
预计将从1992年的25，550万，增加到2000年的27，500万。
移民是人口增长的主要来源，基本开放的移民政策。
现在多数移民来自亚洲和拉丁美洲。
城市化高，最大的城市：纽约，洛杉矶，芝加哥，旧金山，费城。
1946-1964是生育高峰，20世纪80年代人口老龄化趋势。
美国是移民国家。
第一批移民来自英国和荷兰，为了逃避宗教迫害，寻求更好的生活，契约劳工。
三次移民浪潮：第一次移民浪潮始于1805年，1845年到达高峰，许多爱尔兰人迁入。
第二次移民浪潮从1860-1890。
第三次移民浪潮从1890-1914，是最大的一次。
来自奥匈帝国，意大利，俄国，希腊，罗马尼亚和土耳其。
Characteristics of the American population 美国人口的特征流动性。
四次大规模的人口流动：第一次从内战结束到1880年，西进运动。
从东海岸向西部迁移。
第二次从1890-1920年，随着工业化和城市化的实现，人口从农村涌向城市。
第三次从1920-1960年，大批黑人离开南方涌入外地。
第四次从60年代至今，从东北部向西南部的阳光地带迁移。
Black people and the Civil Rights Movement 黑人与民权运动黑人是美国人口最多的少数民族。
自1619年作为奴隶贩运到北美洲，集中在南部农业区，生活悲惨。
代表小说《汤姆叔叔的小屋》和《根》。
1863年林肯的《解放奴隶宣言》和1865《宪法》第13条修正案正式结束了奴隶制，但仍存在歧视。
1954年布朗诉教育委员会一案，开始了漫长的废除种族隔离的进程。
60年代爆发民权运动。
1964年通过《民权法案》，1965年通过《选举权法案》。
American Political Parties
Abraham Lincoln
the first Republican president (1861~1865) He successfully led the country through its greatest internal crisis, the American Civil War, preserving the Union and ending slavery .
Thomas Jefferson
Was the third President of the United States the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776)
Barack Obama
• On November 4th, 2008, Barack Obama was elected as the first African-American President of the United States by a margin of 7.2%.
The United States Politic Parties
Presented by Xiang Qian
Introduction
There are two major contemporary political parties in the United States: one is The Democratic Party, and other is The Republican Party.
The Republican Party
Founded in Wisconsin, in 1854 by antislavery expansion activists and modernizers . It is currently the second largest party in the United States
美国政党
Preparations: organizing his brain trust 组织智囊团 running for fund 竞选基金
3.Running
Time: During September to November What to do:
The candidate will go to many states to win the supporters ,especially those sitting on the fence.
New President
5.Inaugural Address
January in the next year
It is not only the ending of the presidential election, but also the starting of a new president with a new America.
5.Inaugural address 总统就职 仪演说
3.Runnin g 竞选运动
4.Genera Election 全国选举
1.Primary Election
Time: January to June
A primary election allows voters in the state to select the number of delegates to attend each party’s national convention.
What kind of ways: , radio, internet or public speaking
2.They will have televised debate during the time.
Political parties(英国,美国,中国政党)
Conservatism 约翰· 席德尼· 麦凯恩
约翰· 席德尼· 麦凯恩
奥巴马 威廉· 杰斐逊· 克林顿
我国政党制度的显著特征在于:共产党领导、多党派合作,共产党执政、多 党派参政。中国共产党的多党合作和政治协商制度，是我国一项基本政治 制度，是具有中国特色的政党制度
3——China
sign
Ruling party Communist Party of China
Founded
1921/7/1
依法治国，是核心内容 执政为民，是本质要求 公平正义，是价值追求 服务大局，是重要使命 党的领导，是根本保证
Governing philosophy
The Liberal Democrats was formed in 1988. By a merger of the Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party.
Middle and uppermiddle class
在经济上，保守党支持自由企业和国有企业的私有 化。保守党主张削减工会的影响力和最大限度地减 少对社会福利支出。其政策的特点是实用主义和个 Wealthy members of the supporter 人主义的信念 撒切尔夫人 businessmen
working class
landowners
戴维· 卡梅伦
埃德· 米利班德
90%以上 1945年，工党掌权，对英国社会有很大的 为工会集 影响。它认为，在一个平等的经济，其中， 体党员 政府的作用是充当“再分配”剂，从富人 向穷人转移财富征税社会最富裕的成员和 为穷人提供支持的方式。它设立了国家卫 生服务为客户提供高品质，免费医疗， 部分知识 “从摇篮到坟墓”，提供一系列福利金。 分子 工会是他们的党的支柱。
USApolitics 美国政治
Judicial Branch
The Supreme Court Courts of Appeal District Courts
The state Government also has three branches: Legislative Branch Senate, House of Representatives But a unicameral system for Nebraska Executive Branch Governor Judicial Branch a state system of Courts; each county has its court
The Declaration of Independence (1776)
establishes the US as an independent political entity
The Constitution (1789)
forms the foundations of the federal government
They serve to keep any branch from becoming too powerful. Each branch has power over the other two branches and can prevent them from taking unwise or improper action.
Checks and Balances Between Branches
美国和英国的政党
Origin of the Democratic Party:
The two original national parties were the Federalist Party & the Democratic-Republican Party. In 1816, the Federalist Party died out. Leaving a single political party for a short time. In the mid 1820s, the Democratic-Republican Party gave rise two factions(派别): the National Republicans and the Democrats. In 1828, the organization became known as the Democratic Party.
Symbolising British heritage and a new concr of Conservative party
David Cameron
He is the youngest Prime Minister（首相） of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Prior to（在……之前） this, he served as(担任) The shadow education minister(影子内阁教育大臣) and Shadow cabinet policy affairs director(影子内阁政 策事务主管 )
British political Parties
The development of British Political Parties
美国政治党派英文介绍
– Parties need to find viable candidates for a whole range of elected positions at the federal and state level – Obstacles to recruitment include:
Birth of the Modern Democratic Party
– 1824 Election the Republican Party splits, when Andrew Jackson leaves party to form own Republicans change name to National Republicans Jackson wing becomes the Democratic Party
American Political Parties
Overview
• • • • • • Definition Functions Evolution of the American Party System The Two Party System Party Organization Campaign Finance
• This is the same Democratic Party we have today
– – –
1828 Jackson wins, National Republicans rename themselves Whigs
issues: “popular” democracy, federal power base: Dems - rural/south, Whigs: north, urban
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The two different attitudes eventually led to the establishment of two major parties. One is Republic Party（共和党）, another is Democratic Party（民主党）
The Democratic Party -logo: donkey
In 1789, there was a diverge from two main groups on the interpretation(解释） of constitution.
Leader Alexander Hamilton（汉密尔顿） Propositions strengthening federal power raise taxation establish national bank Position Treasury Secretary（财政部长）
Ideas Economic
Social issues Political support
Oppose governmental Support a strong social social security security systems programs
Business groups Poorer and less
Andrew Jackson John F Kennedy Barack Obama
Interesting Facts:
• The symbol of the donkey for the Democratic Party is said to have stemmed from Andrew Jackson. His opposition called him a jackass. Instead of taking it as an insult, he chose to adopt this as a symbol. This, in turn, became the symbol of the Democratic Party. • The Democratic hold the record for controlling both houses of Congress for the most consecutive Congresses. They controlled both houses of Congress from 1955 to 1981.
American Political Parties
CONTENTS
1. origin of bipartisanship 2. two main parties 3. differences between the UK
Origin
• Throughout most of its history, American politics have been dominated by a twoparty system. At the time it was signed in 1787, there were no parties in the nation. Indeed, no nation in the world had voterbased political parties. • The United States Constitution has never formally addressed thThe Founding Fathers did not originally intend for American politics to be partisan.
Theodore Roosevelt Abraham Lincoln
Herbert Hoover
Parties：
parties Symbols The Republic The Democratic
Elephant
Conservative Free market
Donkey
Liberal Governmental intervention
• The more liberal party • Ideal -Government should do more for all classes of Americans -They favor a strong social security system. -Support welfare programs for the people -Favor strong gun control • Supporters -Poorer and less-privileged Americans
privileged people
The election :
• In 2016, there’s an election between two parties for American president. Barack Obama will be leaving office by next year. The Democratic Party and The Republic Party both have the candidates. All of candidates have the campaigns which run for office with costly money. There are two major candidates. The Democratic Party candidate is Hillary Clinton. The Republic Party candidate is Donald Trump.
The Republic Party:
• The second largest party • More conservative • Ideology -A small government and free market -Letting business compete with little or no government regulation in the marketplace -Advocates strong national defense
The Republic Party -logo: elephant
• 1. The Democratic Party grew out of “AntiFederalists”（反联邦主义者）that appeared after 1789. It was founded in 1828, led by a group of planters and capitalists and a considerable number of small farmers. Thomas Jefferson was the leader. • 2. The Democratic Party is the oldest and largest party in the United States. At present, United States is ruled by Democratic Party with Barack Obama as the president.
• 2. In American politics, the two main political parties are loose coalitions with individual candidates or Congressmen adopting varying positions on many issues. In Britain politics, all political parties have much tighter rein on the politics promoted by candidates and the voting by elected representatives.
The differences between the UK:
• 1. In the USA, the Republicans are the Right of Centre party and the Democrats are the Left of Centre party. In the UK, the Conservatives are the Right of Centre party and Labor is the Left of Centre party. • 2. In the USA, there is no centre party in this sense of one positioned politically between the Republicans and the Democrats. In Britain, there is a Liberal Democrat party which ideologically sees itself as between Conservative and Labor.
• 1. The Republic Party was founded in 1854 by anti-slavery activists and modernizers. After its establishment, the Republic Party gained its political power for the first time in 1860, when Abraham Lincoln won the presidential election. • 2. At present, Republic Party is the second largest party in the US. Today’s Republic Party doesn’t favor federal involvement in nation’s economy.