近3年上海市杨浦区2021-2023年英语中考一模试题分类汇编:首字母填空

上海市杨浦区2021-2023年中考英语一模试题分类汇编

首字母填空

2023年上海市杨浦区中考一模英语试题

十六、短文首字母填空

在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺。首字母已给出

For centuries, people have asked what makes us different from animals. We share almost 99 percent of our DNA with our closest relatives, chimpanzees, but have you ever w____67____ why they have never evolved [1] as fast as we have? The answer is our complex [2] brains. The earliest human brains from around 2 million years ago were only big enough to deal with simple signals, such as sight and smell. As we developed into Homo sapiens [3] 1.5 million years later, our brains grew three times bigger. This was to make space for new s____68____, like speech and problem-solving. However, recent research into animal intelligence has made some interesting discoveries, and scientists are starting to question the “f____69____” about our powerful intelligence.

Animals don’t use language

… except that several chimpanzees have already learned to use sign language, and some other animals have learned to communicate in meaningful ways. In the 1990s, Dr Pepperberg

Animals aren’t a

___71___. of themselves

… except that some

chimpanzees, and a few

dolphins and elephants, have all

passed the “Mirror Test”. In a

mirror test, a scientist puts some

paint on an animal, and then

puts the animal in front of a

mirror and w____72____ its

Animals can’t solve

problems

… except that som e octopuses

have the ability to c____73____

their movements and open

containers with great force to

get food out of them. People

who work in aquariums[4] have

known this for years. And a

study in 2014 made some

published her studies of working with Alex, a parrot

that could remember and name over 50 different objects! Most importantly, Alex r____70____ makes mistakes.

behaviour. When they see

themselves in the mirror, these

animals then check their own

body for the

paint.

important discoveries about

some crows. It found that they

could solve complex puzzles

and use tools to get

food.

Word box

[1] evolve v.进化[2] complex adj.复杂的[3] Homo sapiens智人[4] aquarium n. 水族馆

2022年上海市杨浦区中考一模英语试题

十、短文首字母填空

Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词,是其内容通顺,每空格限填一次,首字母已给)

One day, Jenny was taking her first art class at school. She was very excited.

The art teacher, Mrs Minton, told the children to paint the flowers in a vase at the front of the class.

“Don’t worry if your painting doesn’t look e51.like the painting by the person next to you,“ she said. “The important thing is to paint what you see.”

Jenny worked very hard. She spent so long painting that her hand began to h52.from holding the brush. She put the brush down for a moment to rest and looked at the painting next to

hers.

“That’s really good”, she said to Carrie. Carrie’s painting was small and neat. Every flower was just like the real flowers in the vase.

“Thanks,” said Carrie. She looked over at Jenny’s painting. “Oh! What happened to yours?”

“What do you mean?” asked Jenny. She looked at her own painting. It was very different from Carrie’s. It covered the whole page and the colors were b53.than the real flowers.

“It looks like a big m54.,” said Carrie. “Did you pour the paint?”

“No,” said Jenny, upset. “I painted what I saw, just like Mrs Minton said.”

“It’s OK, you know,” said Carrie. “Not everyone is good at art.”

Mrs Minton heard what Carrie said, and she came over to look at Jenny’s work.

“Oh my,” said Mrs Minton. “I think it’s wonderful, Jenny. It’s so full of color and happiness.”

Jenny was very s55..

“But Mrs Minton, it doesn’t look anything like the flowers you told us to draw.” Carrie said.

“Maybe not to you, Carrie. Everyone sees different things when they look at the world.” She showed them a picture in a book of a painting. “This is a picture an artist painted of his own face. This is how he saw h56.”.

“But ... but ... it’s just a few lines,” said Carrie. “It doesn’t look anything like a real person.”

Mrs Minton turned to Jenny. “You should read this book. Jenny. There are a lot of different kinds of paintings and one isn’t better than the other.”

That evening, Jenny read all about the famous artists. Some of their paintings were very s57., but she liked to look at them all.

“I’m going to be an artist when I grow up,” she said to her mother.

2021年上海市杨浦区中考一模英语试题

十一、短文汉语提示填空

Unless you are one of those rare people with an excellent memory, you probably have trouble remembering the names of people you have just met. This problem can be frustrating(令人沮丧的)and embarrassing. F___51___, there are a number of ways you can overcome this human weakness.Before examining the methods to help remember people’s names, let’s look at the reasons why we are so f___52___ in the first place. Researchers think it’s due to a lack of motivation. People are better at remembering things that they want too learn. To put it simply,

you’re just not that i___53___. Another reason is that putting a new face to a name is more

comp licated than we think, which leads to another problem. We usually don’t make the effort to

m___54___ new names immediately. Not only that, but when meeting someone new, we may be thinking about other things and not be paying enough attention.

All of this means that we need to take measures to avoid the embarrassment of forgetting a person’s name. One good method is to say a person’s name when you g___55___ them and also repeat it silently to yourself a few times. This type of repetition is essential for learning any type

of skill. Using a memory method, such as l___56___ individual names with something else, also helps. For example, if someone’s name is Ben and he is tall, you can label him(to yourself, of course)“Big Ben.”In addition, focusing on people and listening more closely when you meet them will assist you in recalling their names. Although forgetting name isn’t a matter of life or death, it’s uncomfortable. Putting these t___57___ into practice will help you better avoid this social discomfort.

答案:

2023年上海市杨浦区中考一模英语试题

67.(w)ondered 68.(s)kills 69.(f)acts 70.(r)arely 71.(a)ware 72.(w)atches 73.(c)ontrol

【导语】本文主要就“人类真的比动物聪明吗”这一问题展开讨论。

67.句意:我们和我们的近亲黑猩猩几乎有99%的DNA相同,但你有没有想过为什么它们从来没有像我们一样进化得那么快?根据“why they have never evolved [1] as fast as we have”和首字母提示可知,想知道原因,结合have,此处需要过去分词,wondered“知道”符合句意,故填(w)ondered。

68.句意:这是为了给演讲和解决问题等新技能腾出空间。根据“like speech and

problem-solving”和首字母提示可知,此处列举了技能,skills符合句意,故填(s)kills。69.句意:然而,最近对动物智力的研究有了一些有趣的发现,科学家们开始质疑关于我们强大智力的“事实”。根据“about our powerful intelligence”和首字母提示可知,对人类有智力的“事实”提出了质疑,facts符合句意,故填(f)acts。

70.句意:最重要的是,Alex很少犯错。根据“a parrot that could remember and name over 50 different objects”和首字母提示可知,Alex几乎不犯错误,rarely“罕见地”符合句意,故填(r)arely。

71.句意:动物没有自我意识。根据“When they see themselves in the mirror, these anim als then check their own body for the paint.”和首字母提示可知,动物没有自我意识,be aware of“意识”,故填(a)ware。

72.句意:在镜子测试中,科学家把一些颜料涂在动物身上,然后把动物放在镜子前,观察它的行为。根据“then puts the animal in front of a mirror”和首字母提示可知,科学家观察动物的行为,结合puts可知,此处用三单形式,watches符合句意。故填(w)atches。

73.句意:除了一些章鱼有能力控制自己的运动,用很大的力量打开容器,从里面取出食物。根据“open containers with great force to get food out of them”和首字母提示可知,能够控制自己的运动,结合have the ability to do,此处用动词原形,control符合句意,故填(c)ontrol。2022年上海市杨浦区中考一模英语试题

【答案】

51.(e)xactly

52.(h)urt

53.(b)righter

54.(m)ess

55.(s)urprised

56.(h)imself

57.(s)trange

【分析】

本文主要通过珍妮画画的故事告诉我们:每个人看世界的时候看到的东西都不一样。

51.

句意:如果你的画和你旁边的人画的不一样,也不要担心。根据“Don’t worry if your painting doesn’t look...like the painting by the person next to you,”结合单词首字母可知此处是指如果你的画确实和你旁边的人画的不一样。exactly“确切地”,是副词,故填(e)xactly。

52.

句意:珍妮工作很努力。她花了很长时间作画,手因握画笔而开始疼痛。根据“She spent so long painting that her hand began to....from holding the brush”结合单词首字母可知此处是指手因长时间握画笔而开始疼痛,hurt“疼痛”,是动词,空前有不定式符号to,动词用原形,故填(h)urt。53.

句意:它覆盖了整页,颜色比真正的花还要鲜艳。根据“It covered the whole page and the colors

were...tha n the real flowers.”结合单词首字母可知此处是指颜色更明亮,鲜艳,bright“明亮的”,由than可知用比较级形式,故填(b)righter。

54.

句意:看起来一团糟。根据“It looks like a big...said Carrie. ‘Did you pour the paint?’”结合单词首字母可知此处是指一团糟,mess“混乱”,前面有a修饰,用原形,故填(m)ess。

55.

句意:珍妮非常惊讶。根据“It looks like a big...said Carrie. ‘Did you pour the paint?”以及“I think it’s wonderful, Jenny. It’s so full of color and happiness”可知珍妮是感到很惊讶的,surprised“惊讶的”,修饰人,故填(s)urprised。

56.

句意:这就是他对自己的看法。根据“ Everyone sees different things when they look at the world”以及“This is how he saw...”结合单词首字母可知此处是指艺术家对他自己的看法,himself“他自己”,是反身代词,故填(h)imself。

57.

句意:他们的一些画很奇怪,但她喜欢全部看一看。根据“Some of their paintings were

very ...but she liked to look at them all.”结合单词首字母可知此处是指一些画很奇怪,strange“奇怪的”,是形容词,故填(s)trange。

2021年上海市杨浦区中考一模英语试题

51.Fortunately 52.forgetful 53.interested 54.memorise 55.greet 56.linking 57.tips 【分析】文章大意:除非你是罕见的记忆力超强的人,否则你可能很难记住你刚遇到的人的名字。文章介绍了这些人健忘的原因以及一些帮助人们克服这个弱点的方法。

51.句意:幸运的是,有很多方法可以克服这个人性弱点。根据上文“This problem can be frustrating(令人沮丧的)and embarrassing.”以及下文“there are a numb er of ways you can overcome this human weakness.”结合首字母提示,可知此处表达的是“幸运地”fortunately,副词,因其位于句首,首字母要大写,故填Fortunately。

52.句意:首先让我们来看看我们为什么会这么健忘。根据上文“Before examining the methods to help remember people’s names,”结合首字母提示,可知是让我们先看看我们为什么会这么健忘,forgetful“健忘的”,形容词,在句中作系动词was的表语,故填forgetful。

53.句意:简而言之,你只是没那么感兴趣。根据上文“People are better at remembering things that they want too learn.”结合首字母提示,可知你只是不感兴趣,interested“感兴趣”,符合题

意,故填interested。

54.句意:我们通常不会立即努力去记住新名字。根据下文“Not only that, but when meeting someone new, we may be thin king about other things and not be paying enough attention.”结合首字母提示,可知我们通常不会立即努力去记住新名字。memorise“记住、记忆”,动词,to memorise sth“记住某事”,动词不定式符号to后接动词原形,故填memorise。

55.句意:一个很好的方法就是在问候别人的时候说出他的名字,并且自己默默地重复几次。根据“One good method is to say a person’s name”,结合首字母提示,可知是在问候别人的时候说出他的名字。greet“问候、打招呼”,动词,句子陈述的是一般事实,时态用一般现在时,主语是you,谓语动词用原形,故填greet。

56.句意:使用一种记忆方法,比如将名字与其他东西联系起来,也会有帮助。根据“individual names with something else”,结合首字母提示,可知是将名字与其他东西联系起来,link“联系、连接”,动词,as为介词,后接动词的ing形式,故填linking。

57.句意:将这些建议付诸实践将帮助你更好地避免这种社交不适。根据“Putting these … into practice will help you better avoid this social discomfort.”联系上文语境,结合首字母提示,可知是将这些建议付诸实践将帮助你更好地避免这种社交不适。tip“建议”,可数名词,前面有these修饰,用复数,故填tips。

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句意:我的妈妈对我很生气,因为我打开了她的电脑但是放不回去了。考查介词辨析以及形容词短语。for为了;to到;with和;by通过。be angry with sb对某人生气;be angryat/about sth对某事生气。根据空后me以及句意可知,表示“对我生气”,用be angry with。故选C。 单选题 My cat is great: she plays much than my big, noisy dog. A.quietly B.more quietly C.most quietly D.the most quietly 【答案】B 【解析】 句意:我的猫很好,她比那只吵闹的大狗更加安静地玩耍。 考查副词比较级。quietly副词原级;more quietly副词比较级;most quietly副词最高级;the most quietly副词最高级。根据空后than可知,用比较级,猫和狗作比较,故选B。 单选题 sick need to be looked after, so money must be spent on hospitals. A.A B.An C.The D./

2022-2023学年上海市九年级英语中考好题(名校+区统考+一模)分类汇编含详解 完形填空

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近3年上海市虹口区2021-2023年英语中考一模试题分类汇编:首字母填空

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专题11短文首字母填空(原卷版)-2023年中考英语一模试题分项汇编(全国通用)

专题11 短文首字母填空

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