大同云冈石窟及周边景点英文介绍

大同云冈石窟及周边景点英文介绍
Yungang Grottoes in Datong City
大同云冈石窟
Natural Features
自然概况
Yungang Grottoes was carved on the north cliff ofWuzhou Mountain 16km we st cf Da}ong City.ShanxiProvince. The caves were carved in the mid-5thcentu ry，North Wei Dynasty，
stretching about 1 kmfrom east to west as one of the largest clusters ofgrotto es in China. With an enormous size and richcontents，
Yungang Grottoes ranks side by side with Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang of Ga nsuProvince and Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang of Henan Province as the thre e great cluters of cavetemples in China.
大同云冈石窟坐落在山西省大同市以西16公里处的武周山北崖，开凿于公元5 世纪中叶的北魏时期。

洞窟依山开凿，东西绵延一公里，是中国最人的石窟群之一，其规模之巨大、雕刻内容丰富，令人叹为观。

与甘肃敦煌莫高窟、河南洛阳龙门石窟并列为中国几大石窟。

On the three，
Yungang Grottoes stands out for its rich contents and refined carving. Preser vedto the present in the Grottoes are 53 caves and over 51
000 statues. Yungang grottoes consists of three sections，the east，the west，and the central，
with caves of all sizes pleasantlyscattered half way on Yungang Mountain.Cav es in the east section feature in pagodas，
thuscalled pagoda caves. Those of the central section were all structured with a front and a rearchamber,with the Buddha in the center and relief carving a ll over the walls. Caves of the westsection are mostly medium or small sized，or small niches added in later times，actually，inmost cases，
carved after the capital of North Wei Dynasty was moved from Datong to Luo yang.
在中国三大石窟中，石冈石窟以内容丰富、雕刻精细而著称。

云冈石窟现存洞窟充53个、造像5. 1万余尊，规模宏大。

云冈石窟分为东、中、西三部，大、中、小窟疏密有致地嵌贴在云冈半腰中。

东部的石窟多以造塔为主，故又称塔洞;中部的石窟每个部分为前后两室，主佛居中，洞壁和洞顶布满了浮雕;西部石窟则以中小窟和补刻的小佛龛为最多，修建的时代略晚，大多是北魏迁都洛阳之后的作品。

On the interior and exterior walls as well as the Buddha's halos and the caisso n ceilings of thecaves，
there are vividly carved groups of apsaras to manifest the world of ultimate happinesspursued by Buddhists. All the statues are modeled with marvelous personification that givesthe Buddha a human nature and expression as we ll as infinite vigor as the ancient treasure ofChinese culture
石冈石窟的内壁、外壁、佛光、藻井等都刻有刻有成群的“飞天“形象，非常生动活泼，展示了佛教徒所幻想的极乐世界。

这里的佛像，都采用拟人的高超于法，富于人的大性和表情，具有尤限的活力，不愧为重华文明的古老珍宝。

In December of 2001，
World Heritage Committee of UNESCO inscribed Yungang Grottoes in itsWorld Heritage List.
2001年12月，联合国教科义组织遗产委员会将云冈石窟作为文化遗产列入《世界遗产名录》。

Special Mention
特别提醒
Yungang Grottoes is made up of three sections:Caves 1 to 4 are the east secti on,Caves 5 to 13 the central section，
and Caves 14 to 45 the west section. As a convention.the tour usuallybegins from Caves 5 of the central section，one by one to Cave 45，
then Caves 1 to 4 of the east section. Among all the caves，
the five by Tan Yao are the most grand and majestic，whereas Cave 5，Cave 6，
and Wuhua Caves are most colourful and rich in content as thecream of the a rt of Yungang Grottoes. Caves of the east and west sections are works of a lat ertime.
云冈石窟分成东区、中区和西区三大部分。

第1至4窟为东部，第5至13' 窟为中部，第14至45窟为西部。

传统的参观路线是先从中部的第5窟开始参观一直到第45窟，然后再参观石冈石窟东部的第1至第4窟。

众多的洞窟中以昙曜五窟气势最为雄伟。

第5、第6窟和五华洞内容丰富多彩，是云冈石窟艺术的精华。

东部和西部窟群属于晚期作品。

Major Scenic Sites
主要景点
Caves 5 and 6 of the central section
云冈中部的第五、第六窟
Caves 7 and 8 of the central section
云冈中部的第七、第八窟
Wuhua Caves
五华洞
Cave 15-Cave of Ten Thousand Buddhas of the west section
云冈西部的第十五窟万佛洞
Five caves by Tan Yao-Caves 16，17，18，19 and 20 of the west section 云冈西部的昙曜五窟——第十六、十七、十八、十九、二十窟
Caves 1 and 2 of the east section
云冈东部的第一、第二窟
Other Attractions Around the Place
周边名胜
Huayan Temple
华严寺
Shanhua Temple
善化寺
Mt. Hengshan
恒山
Suspended Temple
悬空寺
Nine-dragon Wall
九龙壁
Hail of Avalookitesvara
观音堂
Beiyue Temple
北岳庙
The Great Mosque
清真大寺
Vocano Sites of Datong
大同火山群
Nine Dragon Wall of Datong
大同九龙壁
Site of Pingcheng
平城遗址
Drum Tower
鼓楼
Jueshan Temple
觉山寺
Wood Tower of Yingxian County 应县木塔。