笔译实务三级真题
往年CATTI英语三级笔译实务真题
往年CATTI英语三级笔译实务真题大家备考CATTI 英语三级笔译实务期间，研究真题不是把真题做一遍就行了，一定要总结，笔译实务考验真实的翻译功底，多练习，多读，多背，考场上才不会头脑空白。
下面给大家带来CATTI 英语三级笔译实务真题，希望对你们有所帮助。
5月份CATTI 英语三级笔译实务真题Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.It didn’t take long for Manuel García Murillo, a bricklayer who took over as mayor here last June, to realize that his town was in trouble. It was 800,000 euros, a little more than $1 million, in the red. There was no cash on hand to pay for anything — and there was work that needed to be done.But then an amazing thing happened, he said. Just as the health department was about to close down the day care center because it didn’t have a proper kitchen, Bernardo Benítez, a construction worker, offered to put up the walls and the tiles free. Then, Maria José Carmona, an adult education teacher, stepped in to clean the place up. And somehow, the volunteers just kept coming. Every Sunday now, the residents of this town in southwest Spain — young and old — do what needs to be done, whether it is cleaning the streets, raking the leaves, unclogging culverts or planting trees in the park. “It was an initiative from them,” said Mr. García. “Day to day we talked to people and we told them there was no money. Of course, they could see it. The grass in between the sidewalks was up to my thigh. “ Higuera de la Serena is in many ways a microcosm of Spain’strou bles. Just as Spain’s national and regional governments are struggling with the collapse of the construction industry,overspending on huge capital projects and a pileup of unpaid bills, the same problems afflict many of its small towns.But what has brought Higuera de la Serena a measure of fame in Spain is that the residents have stepped up where their government has failed. Mr. García says his phone rings regularly from other town officials who want to know how to do the same thing. He is servingwi thout pay, as are the town’s two other elected officials. They are also forgoing the cars and phones that usually come with the job. “We lived beyond our means,” Mr. García said. “We invested in public works thatweren’t sensible. We are in technical bankruptcy.” Even some money from the European Union that was supposed to be used forroutine operating e某penses and last until 2023 has already been spent, he said.Higuera de la Serena, a cluster of about 900 houses surrounded by farmland, and traditionally dependent on pig farming and olives, got swept up in the giddy days of the construction boom. It built a cultural center and invested in a small nursing home. But theprojects were plagued by delays and cost overruns.The cultural center still has no bathrooms. The nursing home, a whitewashed building sits on the edge of town, still unopened. Together, they account for some $470,000 of debt owed to the bank. But the rest of the debt is mostly the unpaid bills of a town that was not keeping up with its e某penses. It owes for medical supplies, for diesel fuel, for road repair, for electrical work, for musicians who played during holidays.Higuera de la Serena is not completely without workers. It still has a half-time librarian, two half-time street cleaners, someonepart-time for the sports comple某, a secretary and an administrator, all of whom are paid through various financing streams apart from the town. But the town once had a work force twice the size. And when someone is ill, volunteers have to step in or the gym and sports comple某— open four hours a day — must close.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into English.10 年来，中国经济持续快速发展，经济实力、综合国力、人民生活水平迈上新的台阶，国家面貌发生举世瞩目的历史性变化，为促进亚洲和世界经济增长作出了重要贡献。
2022年下半年英语三级笔译(CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文
2022年下半年英语三级笔译（CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.In times of stress, like living through a global pandemic, it' s natural to fall back on soothing habits---gardening, playing video games or lighting up a cigarette.But what are the risks, given that the novel coronavirus at the center of the current crisis attacks the lungs? The science is in its early stages, but studies are finding that cigarette smokers are more likely to have severe infections. There is data to show that if you are a smoker, you're more likely to have adverse outcomes from COVID-19, need mechanical ventilation and die than if you' re not a smoker. Smoking damages the lungs' defense mechanisms, making it harder to fight off COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases.What does science say? Early data was conflicting. Some reports indicated that smoking was not associated with increased adverse outcomes and that smokers were underrepresented in hospital settings, leading some to claim that smokers might even have immunity to the virus. But specialists dismissed the claims as "really fringe stuff". One study found that of those who died of COVID-19, 9 percent were current smokers, compared with 4 percent of those that survived. Smoking, for one thing, inhibits blood cells that would otherwise clean and repair damaged lungs.What about e-cigarettes? Less is known about how coronavirus patients who use e-cigarettes products are faring, but several doctors suspect their trajectory will mirror that of cigarette smokers. Smoking e-cigarettes has all the same adverse effects as smoking ordinary cigarettes does. Smoking anything can irritate the lining of your lungs. If you irritate the lining of your lungs, you set yourself up for trouble, because the disease kills people by attacking the lungs.What about secondhand smoke? Smokers do not expel more of a respiratory virus than non-smokers, although they do cough more. The smoke itself doesn' t seem to increase the amount of virus that gets in the air. However, to the extent that the virus is carried in tiny aerosol particles that stay in the air, one of the possible meansof transmission, the smoke shows where those particles are located. One study showed that people who had been exposed to second hand smoke were more likely to contract tuberculosis and, once they got it, didn' t do as well as those who weren' t exposed to smoke. In terms of these immune-suppressive effects, as it relates to tuberculosis, secondhand smoke has adverse effects.Each virus has its unique pattern of dispersion, and scientists are starting to get a handle on how the novel coronavirus behaves. This understanding is making it possible to rank the risks of different activities from high to low to trivial.The two drivers of the spread of the disease are close contact and crowding in closed spaces, as the virus is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets and close contact. It spreads through homeless shelter and nursing homes, where people are crowded in with many others. And it spreads through people's households. Scientists have found some trends. For example, spending time dining together or being on public transport might increase the risk of spreading or contracting the disease, while going to a market briefly for five minutes or a transient encounter while you walk or run past someone is considered low risk.The studies were all done through contact tracing, which may turn out to be humanity's greatest strategy for fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. Contact tracing can stop chains of transmission, even after a disease is widespread. Another major benefit is that it offers clues as to how the disease spreads. Each virus has its unique pattern.【参考译文】：适逢直面重重压力之际,恰似人类正身陷于这一场席卷全球的新冠肺炎疫情之图圄。
2022年翻译三级笔译实务含答案
英语三级《笔译实务》试题Section 1：English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) (60 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this section is 120 minutes.A few weeks back，I asked a 14-year-old friend how she was coping with school.Referring to stress，she heaved a big sigh and said："Aiyah，anything bad that can happen has already happened."Her friends nearby then started pouring out their woes about which subjects they found hard，and so on. Pessimism again，in these all-too-familiar remarks about Singapore's education system，widely regarded as too results-oriented，and I wonder why I even bothered to ask.The school system of reaching for A's underlies the country's culture，which emphasizes the chase for economic excellence where wealth and status are must-haves.Such a culture is hard to change.So when I read of how the new Remaking Singapore Committee had set one of its goals as challenging the traditional roads to success，encouraging Singaporeans to realize alternative careers in the arts，sports，research or as entrepreneurs，I had my doubts about its success in this area，if not coupled with help from parents themselves.The new Remaking Singapore Committee is a brainchild of the Singaporean Prime Minister，formed to make Singaporeans look beyond the five C's：cash，condos，clubs，credit cards and cars，to help prepare the nation for the future.It is good that the government wants to do something about the country's preoccupation with material success. But it will be a losing battle if the family unit itself is not involved because I believe the committee's success is rooted in a revamp of an entire culture built from 37 years of independence.This makeover has to start with the most basic societal unit -- the family.Parents should not drown their children in mantras of I-want-hundred-marks. Tuition lessons are not the be-all and end-all of life. And a score of 70 for a Chinese paper is definitely not the end of life.If ever I become a parent，I will bring my children camping. I will show them that cooking food in a mess tin over a campfire is fun. I will teach them that there is nothing dirty about lying on a sleeping bag over grass.In fact，it is educational because Orion is up there in the night sky with all the other bright stars whose shapes and patterns tell something more than a myth. For instance，they give directions to the lost traveler，I will say.And who knows，my child may become an astronomer years down the road. All because of the nights I spent with him watching the twinkles in the sky.That's my point. Parents should teach their children that there's more to life than studies. Better still if the nation's leaders echo that idea as well.This way，when their children aspire to be the next Joscelin Yeo，they won't feel like they are fighting a losing battle against a society that holds doctors and lawyers in awe.However，the culture that babysits economic excellence is deeply ingrained and so are the mindsets of many parents. But parents can take the cue from the new Remaking Singapore Committee and be aware of giving their children the right kind of education.It is now wait-and-see if，say，10 years down the road，more would choose alternative careers. Hopefully，by then no one would think sportsmen or musicians as making too big a sacrifice in chasing their dreams. Section 2：Chinese-English Translation (40 points)Translate the following passage into English. The time for this section is 60 minutes.近年来，中华人民共和国政府倡导国内旅游，履行“假日经济”政策，给公民每年3次为期一周长假，让她们将更多储蓄用于旅游、购物和外出就餐。
2021年上半年英语三级笔译(CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文
2021年上半年英语三级笔译（CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Are you having difficulty following diets? Our lives are way more complex than those which allow us to stick to a monotonous restrictive diet.Food psychologist Ridhi Golechha said, "If all of us could follow diets, we'd all have reached our goals. Real-life stresses such as lockdown anxiety, relationship conflicts,workload, financial stresses, exasperating parenting, and so much more directly impact how we feel and by virtue, what we eat. If, on paper, diets were so easy to follow, then we'd all be part of that tiny ten percent of people in the word (athletes, models, or actresses) - who are permanently fit.We all know of those rough days when all we want is to drown our faces in a tub of ice cream or reach out for that melting chocolate cake. "Emotional eating is nothing but eating our emotions. We're all human with emotions and hunger. By that definition, all of us are emotional eaters, we turn to food when we're overwhelmed with anger, sadness, frustration, or any other significant emotion!" explained Ridhi.There's a reason why the butterfly comes back to suck sweet nectar from the flowers, in turn pollinating the rest of the garden. Humans, much like animals, birds,and insects, are hardwired for pleasure. But here's the catch: we humans are afraid of receiving pleasure. Many fear that if they allow themselves to eat a slice of cheesy pizza, they'll be overwhelmed with pleasure, lose control, and end up finishing the whole pizza.We fear this would result in a failed diet, we light gain, and massive guilt, so we avoid it altogether. But it doesn't work."Biology suggests otherwise. Like every other species:homo sapiens were also built for survival. It is pleasure that drives humans to repeat the feel-good behaviour endlessly," explained Ridhi.When does emotional eating become worrisome? "Largely, there's nothing wrong with that. We do eat to manage and cope with our feelings, especially those that don't feel so good because eating itself is so biologically rewarding. It's completely okay ifwe're doing it once in a while, because as I said we're all evolutionary wired to emotional eating. However, if we're constantly depending on food to swallow our difficult emotions and discomforts, leaving us with a feeling of guilt constantly at the end of it, then definitely, we need to work on it," said Ridhi.What can we do to reduce emotional eating? According to Rldhi, the reason we fall diets is that we try to fight biology and suppress our emotions, which only works temporarily. To make long-lasting changes, we must address the root causes of emotional eating. Here are a few tips to get you started:First, don't skip meals. Starving often confuses your biological hunger drives and makes you more vulnerable to eating your emotions. Second, understand the difference between actual physical hunger versus emotional hunger. Third, make a list of the top three emotions you feel weekly and start finding different ways to cope with them. Fourth, talk to an expert. It's better not to ignore your emotional eating since it can later cause health issues like bloating, acid and constipation, etc. Fifth, go for a walk or do something completely different that will take away your urge by distracting you momentarily.Emotional eating is a message that reveals a deeper problem. Understanding yourself and the way you eat can address the root causes and enable you to live a life that is beyond food obsessions and the fear of failing your diets.【参考译文】：你是否很难坚持规律饮食?生活十分复杂，让我们很难坚持单一且有节制的饮食规律。
翻译三级笔译实务真题汇编三
翻译三级笔译实务真题汇编三第一部分英汉译1. When night falls in remote parts of Afica and the Indian subcontinent, hundreds of （江南博哥）millions of people without access to electricity turn to candles or flammable and polluting kerosene lamps for illumination.Slowly through small loans for solar powered devices, microfinance is bringing light to these rural regions where a lack of electricity has stymied economic development, literacy rates and health."Earlier, they could not do much once the sun set. Now, the sun is used differently. They have increased their productivity, improved their health and socio-economic status," said Pinal Shah from SEWA Bank, a micro-lending Institution.Vegetable seller Ramiben Waghri took out a loan to buy a solar lantern which she uses to light up her stall at night. The lantern costs between $66-$112, about a week's income for Waghri."The vegetables look better by this light, and it's cheaper than kerosene and doesn't smell," said Waghri, who estimates she makes about 300 rupees ($6) more each evening with her lantern."If we can use the sun to save some money, why not?"In India, solar power projects, often funded by micro credit institutions, are helping the country reduce carbon emissions and achieve its goal to double the contribution of renewable energy to 6%, or 25,000 megawatts, within the next four years.Off-grid applications such as solar cookers and lanterns, which can provide several hours of light at night after being charged by the sun during the day, will help cut dependence on fossil fuels and reduce the fourth biggest emitter's carbon footprint, said Pradeep Dadhich, a senior fellow at energy research institute TERI."They are reaching people who otherwise have limited or no access to electricity, and depend on kerosene, diesel or firewood for their energy needs," he said."The applications not only satisfy these needs, they also improve the quality of life and reduce the carbon footprint."SEWA or Self Employed Women's Association, is among a growing number of microfinance institutions in India focused on providing affordable renewable energy sources to poor people, who otherwise would have had to stand for hours to buy kerosene for lamps, or trudge miles to collectfirewood for cooking.SKS Microfinance, India's largest MFI, offers solar lamps to its 5 million customers, while Grameen Surya Bijlee (Rural Solar Electricity) Foundation helps fund lamps and home and street lighting systems for villagers in India, Nepal and Bangladesh.正确答案：每当夜幕降临，在非洲和印度次大陆偏远地区，数亿居民用不上电，只能靠蜡烛或煤油灯照明。
2024英语三级笔译(Catti 3)实务真题及参考译文
2024年英语三级笔译（CATTI3）实务真题及参考译文1.英译汉（原文）The last vestiges of Covid Restrictions have finally been removed, and international tourism is exploding—more than 900 million eager tourists took to the skies in 2022, doubling the number from 2021.But as world travel recovers from the pandemic, the rise in tourism is, among other things, overwhelming foreign infrastructure, disrupting local residents and diminishing the overall tourist experience.Although tourism still boosts the economies of hotspot cities, municipal authorities are concerned about the impact over tourism has on their communities and cultural heritage sites and have thus started taking matters into their own hands to mitigate overcrowding.To counter the downsides of overtourism, the travel industry can utilize tech-based tools that combat the root causes of tourist congestion and actively encourage travel to lesser-known places, thereby satisfying tourists without burdening the local residents.According to one study, when tourist numbers exceed a city’s carrying capacity, residents’ perception of their home as a good place to live begins to deteriorate, increasing feelings of resentment toward tourists during peak seasons.Amsterdam, with its picturesque canals, stunning brick architecture and leisurely bicycle paths, is just one of several cities reeling from the effects of overtourism; more than 20 million tourists are anticipated to visit the city this year alone.To curb the flow of visitors without destabilizing the tourism market, the city introduced a cap on overnight guests and is proposing further measures that include relocating some popular tourist attractions to outside the city center—or even removing them altogether.To give the city more “breathing space”, the mayor of Dubrovnik（杜布罗夫尼克，克罗地亚城市）shut down 80% of its souvenir stalls and restricted cruise ship and tour bus operations. City officials in Barcelona instituted taxes for overnight tourists and barred entry to certain food markets. And in Venice, officials banned the development of new hotels and installed turnstiles along popular routes to redirect tourist traffic.To thrive with resident communities, the tourism industry must cultivate a new approach that better serves local interests when promoting destinations and trip options.Marketing trips through the use of thoughtful ad campaigns and tech tools that inspire tourists to venture away from conventional hotspots and explore lesser-known attractions could lead to a more even distribution of travelers across various destinations.To that end, dispersing tourists should be a top business goal for travel providers rather than focusing only on the high-traffic destinations. This not only enables travelers to genuinely experience diverse cultures but also provides vital support torural-located businesses, restaurants and cultural establishments, which stand to gain the most from tourist dollars.In order to empower travelers to visit new or unfamiliar destinations, the industry should consider leveraging tech-based tools to convince them. Airbnb（爱彼迎公司）, for example, rolled out flexible search features in 2021 that divert bookings away from destinations at times when overtourism occurs, encouraging tourists to make accommodations in alternative cities or towns.With tourists overrunning major destinations, the tourism industry and local municipalities must find some middle ground. Heavily visited cities will otherwise be forced to impose further tourist restrictions, putting an entire revenue stream at risk.1.英译汉（译文）新冠疫情最后剩余的限制终于被解除，国际旅游业也因此迎来了爆发式增长——2022年，有超过9亿热切的游客乘飞机出行，人数是2021年的两倍。
CATTI英语三级《笔译实务》真题及答案
CATTI英语三级《笔译实务》真题及答案Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.For generations, coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah. Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground. Supply companies line the town streets. Above the road that winds toward the mines, a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan “Coal = Jobs.”But recently, fear has settled in. The state’s oldest coal-fired power plant, tucked among the canyons near town, is set to close,a result of new, stricter federal pollution regulations.As energy companies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people here have grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the facility here,the Carbon Power Plant, have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere.“There are a lot of people worried,” said Kyle Davis, who has been employed at the plant since he was 18.But Rocky Mountain Power, the utility that operates the plant, has determined that it would be too expensive to retrofit the agingplant to meet new federal standards on mercury emissions. The plant is scheduled to be shut by April 2015.For the last several years, coal plants have been shutting down across the country, driven by tougher environmental regulations, flattening electricity demand and a move by utilities toward natural gas.The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for the plants will result in billions of dollarsin related health savings, and will have a sweeping impact on air quality.“Coal plants are t he single largest source of dangerous carbon pollution in the United States, and we have ready alternatives like wind and solar to replace them,” said Bruce Nilles, director of the Sierra Club’s Beyond Coal campaign, which wants to shut all of the nation’s coal plants.For many here, coal jobs are all they know. The industry united the area during hard times, too, especially during the dark days after nine men died in a 2007 mining accident some 35 miles down the highway. Virtually everyone around Price knew the men, six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside.But there is quiet acknowledgment that Carbon County will have to change — if not now, soon.Pete Palacios, who worked in the mines for 43 years, has seen coal roar and fade here. Now 86, his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first mining job. He was 12, and earned $1 a day. “I’m retired, soI’ll be fine. But these young guys?” Pete Palacios said, his voice trailing off.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into English.天柱县位于贵州省东部，是川渝黔通往两广、江浙的'重要门户。
2023年下半年英语三级笔译(CATTI 3)实务真题及参考译文
Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Guidebook company Lonely Planet has revealed its 18th annual“Best in Travel” list.The 2023 edition is in a slightly different format than it has been in years past. Rather than a simple list, the destinations are split up into five categories – eat, learn, journey, unwind and connect. “This year, we really wanted to try something new and we wanted to reflect the way that we saw travelers looking for travel, which was about the destination, but also about the experience,” explains Nitya Chambers, executive editor and senior vice president of content at Lonely Planet.Lonely Planet reaches out to its wide network of contributors around the world and asks them to nominate destinations they believe should be on the list. From there, editors at Lonely Planet HQ begin to ask more questions, work their sources and narrow down the options until it is released in November.That might mean taking a chance on a new country, like Malta or Guyana, that all your friends haven’t been to yet. It might mean choosing a less-visited place in a favorite destination, like Marseille rather than Paris or Fukuoka instead of Tokyo. All four spots are among the 30 destinations of the 2023 list. It’s no surprise that Peru appears as one of the picks under the “eat” section of Lonely Planet’s list –as it has been racking up the recognition for years on the World’s 50 Best Restaurants list. However, its South American sibling Montevideo – another “eat” entry – is not as high profile. Street food lovers should head to Kuala Lumpur. The capital is a perfect location for an introduction to food from all over Malaysia, like Penang-style curries and fish maw soup.As the world opened up after long Covid restrictions, many travelers felt the urge to connect or reconnect with others. Sydney, in this context, makes Lonely Planet’s “connect” list. The Australian city is known for its friendly inhabitants, as well as for its beautiful beaches, top-notch food scene and a pretty cool opera house. People with African heritage may want to head to Ghana for their own sense of connection. The country observed a Year of Return in 2019, which brought people from all over the diaspora to Ghana with fellowship and community. Just because the pass of the year doesn’t mean the loss of the sense of connection. The country,observed a Year of Return in 2019, which brought people from all over the diaspora to Ghana for fellowship and community. Just because the year passed doesn’t mean that the sense of connection has gone: Ghana wants to hit a goal of eight million tourists per year.The pandemic spurred another powerful desire, too:the stress of working from home while homeschooling the kids over Zoom means many travelers just want to take a long break. Island destinations, like Jamaica and Dominica in the Caribbean, are just the place to unwind, according to Lonely Planet. The former is high on Chambers’ personal list for 2023. “There’s just an opportunity with our kids in the summer (to) spend some more time, go immerse and have the experience of living somewhere where you can really feel changed and transformed by being part of another place.Malta – another “unwind” destination – is a lesser-known gem with the climateof Italy and the landscape of the Middle East. And in Asia, the Indonesian archipelago of Raja Ampat might be one of the last paradises left on Earth. It is loved for eco-tourism and is home to a massively successful coral restoration project. LP designated six “journey” spots, places for most travel-lovers. It’s no surprise that the central Asian kingdom of Bhutan made the cut.【参考译文】：旅行指南出版商《孤独星球》(LonelyPlanet) 连续第18年发布年度“世界最佳旅行目的地”(BestinTravel) 榜单。
笔译三级考试题库及答案
笔译三级考试题库及答案一、单选题（共10题，每题2分）1. 以下哪个选项是“笔译”的英文表达？A. TranslationB. InterpretationC. TranscriptionD. Transliteration答案：A2. “笔译”与“口译”的主要区别是什么？A. 笔译是书面翻译，口译是口头翻译B. 笔译是口头翻译，口译是书面翻译C. 笔译和口译都是书面翻译D. 笔译和口译都是口头翻译答案：A3. 笔译中，以下哪个步骤是必要的？A. 理解原文B. 忽略原文C. 直接翻译D. 只翻译关键词答案：A4. 在笔译过程中，遇到不熟悉的专业术语应该怎么办？A. 忽略不译B. 猜测翻译C. 查阅资料，确保准确D. 直接使用原词答案：C5. 笔译时，以下哪种翻译策略是不恰当的？A. 直译B. 意译C. 逐字翻译D. 灵活变通答案：C6. 笔译中，如何处理原文中的文化元素？A. 直接翻译B. 忽略不译C. 适当解释或注释D. 替换为本国文化元素答案：C7. 笔译三级考试主要考察哪些能力？A. 语言知识B. 翻译技巧C. 文化理解D. 以上都是答案：D8. 笔译三级考试的合格标准是什么？A. 总分达到60分B. 总分达到70分C. 总分达到80分D. 总分达到90分答案：A9. 笔译三级考试中，以下哪个部分是不需要的？A. 阅读理解B. 词汇测试C. 翻译实践D. 数学计算答案：D10. 笔译三级考试的评分标准主要依据什么？A. 翻译速度B. 翻译准确性C. 翻译流畅性D. 以上都是答案：D二、阅读理解（共2篇，每篇5题，每题3分）（文章内容省略）11. 文章主要讨论了什么主题？A. 环境保护B. 经济发展C. 文化交流D. 科技创新答案：C12. 作者认为文化交流的重要性体现在哪些方面？A. 促进经济发展B. 增进相互理解C. 保护文化遗产D. 以上都是答案：D13. 文章中提到的“文化冲突”主要指什么？A. 不同文化之间的竞争B. 不同文化之间的误解C. 不同文化之间的融合D. 不同文化之间的排斥答案：B14. 作者建议如何处理文化冲突？A. 避免交流B. 强制同化C. 尊重差异D. 忽视问题答案：C15. 文章最后呼吁采取什么行动？A. 加强文化保护B. 促进文化融合C. 抵制外来文化D. 限制文化交流答案：B（第二篇阅读理解题目省略）三、翻译实践（共2题，每题15分）16. 将以下句子从英文翻译成中文："In the context of globalization, cultural exchange plays a vital role in fostering mutual understanding and respect among different nations."答案：在全球化的背景下，文化交流在促进不同国家之间的相互理解和尊重方面发挥着至关重要的作用。
2020年下半年英语三级笔译(CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文
2020年下半年英语三级笔译（CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.At 51, Cathy wanted to put her Oxford physics degree and former experience to better use. she had worked part-time in a school for several years while her three children were young, but she wanted to get back into the corporate world. Several applications later, she was getting nowhere. Then a friend told her about “returnships”, a form of work experience that some companies are experimenting with to help middle-aged people--mainly women--return to work, often after breaks to care for families.Cathy eventually secured a place on an 11-week“Career returners”program with a company, open to men and women, which included being paired with a 20-year-old male student. He helped to acquaint her with new technology, such as using an iPhone and accessing the company’s virtual network from her laptop so she could work from home but still access internal files.“On the assessment day, I thought they must have been looking at my project management skills. But they weren’t looking at us for specific roles. They were just thinking, ‘these women have a lot to offer, let’s see what they can do.’That was refreshing.” A clutch of companies in the UK and the U.S. have spotted an opportunity in hiring female returnees, who can put to use again technical skills learned earlier in their careers.They believe middle-aged women returning after a break make particularly good employees, because they bring a fresh perspective. Women tend to combine high emotional intelligence with strong leadership and organizational skills. “There is a massive pool of highly skilled people who want to return to work”, says the head of human resources of an engineering company.“Recruitment agencies typically view people who have had two years out as a risk, but we see them as a great opportunity.”In fact, by hiring female returnees,companies can access good skills these women developed in their former high-level jobs--and for a discount. In return,employers coach these middle-aged females back into working life. Through her returnship, Cathy gained a full-time role as an operations data consultant. She still is earning less than she would like to, “but it’s a foot in the door and the salary is up for review in six months,”she says. It is still overwhelmingly women who stay home to care for young children. UK government figures show that women account for around 90 percent of people on career breaks for caring reasons. A lack of middle-aged women working, particularly in high skilled roles, is costing the UK economy £50 billion a year, according to a report. The report found that men over 50 took home nearly two-thirds of the total wages paid out to everyone in that age range in 2015. It blamed the pay gap on the low-skilled, part-time roles middle-aged women often accept. Some 40 percent of women in work in the UK do so part-time, as opposed to only 11 percent of men. This issue is not restricted to the UK. A study last year by economists found “strong evidence of age discrimination in hiring against older women”in a range of white- and blue-collar jobs. The data show that it is harder for middle-aged women to find jobs than it is for middle-aged men, regardless of whether they have taken a break from working.【参考译文】：51岁的凯茜希望更好地利用她的牛津大学物理学学位以及先前的工作经验。
英语三级笔译试题及答案
英语三级笔译试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题 2 分，共 20 分）1. The word "economy" is derived from the Greek word "oikos", which means ______.A. houseB. moneyC. familyD. trade2. Which of the following is NOT a part of speech?A. nounB. verbC. adjectiveD. preposition3. The phrase "kick off" is commonly used to mean ______.A. to start somethingB. to remove somethingC. to avoid somethingD. to end something4. In English grammar, what is the term for a group of words that contains a subject and a predicate?A. clauseB. phraseC. sentenceD. conjunction5. Which of the following is an example of a transitive verb?A. seemB. smellC. sleepD. listen6. The idiom "break a leg" is used to ______.A. cause harmB. wish someone good luckC. describe a physical injuryD. indicate a failure7. Which of the following words is a countable noun?A. adviceB. furnitureC. informationD. knowledge8. The preposition "on" is used to indicate ______.A. locationB. timeC. directionD. reason9. The word "bachelor" originally referred to a person who has ______.A. a master's degreeB. a bachelor's degreeC. no formal educationD. completed high school10. The phrase "at the drop of a hat" means ______.A. with great difficultyB. without any hesitationC. with great delayD. with great effort答案：1. C2. D3. A4. C5. D6. B7. B8. A9. C10. B二、多项选择题（每题 2 分，共 20 分）1. Which of the following words can be used to describe someone who is very careful with money?A. extravagantB. frugalC. lavishD. thrifty2. Select the words that are synonyms of "increase."A. enhanceB. augmentC. diminishD. escalate3. Which of the following phrases are used to expressagreement?A. I couldn't agree moreB. You can say that againC. Tell me about itD. I beg to differ4. Choose the words that are antonyms of "visible."A. apparentB. obscureC. evidentD. hidden5. Which of the following are types of clauses?A. relative clauseB. noun clauseC. adverbial clauseD. adjective clause6. Select the words that can be used to describe a person whois very talkative.A. reticentB. loquaciousC. taciturnD. verbose7. Which of the following are prepositions that can be used with the verb "arrive"?A. atB. inC. onD. to8. Choose the words that are associated with the concept of "speed."A. rapidB. slowC. swiftD. gradual9. Which of the following phrases are used to express that something is very easy?A. a piece of cakeB. a walk in the parkC. a tough nut to crackD. a breeze10. Select the words that are related to the concept of "change."A. alterB. modifyC. preserveD. transform答案：1. B, D2. A, B, D3. A, B, C4. B, D5. A, B, C6. B, D7. A, B8. A, C9. A, B, D10. A, B, D三、判断题（每题 2 分，共 20 分）1. The word "unique" means "very common." (F)2. "A lot" can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns. (T)3. "Due to" is a preposition and can be used at the beginning of a sentence. (T)4. "Fewer" is used with countable nouns, while "less" is used with uncountable nouns. (T)5. "Passive voice" is used when the doer of the action is unknown or unimportant. (T)6. "Irregardless" is a commonly accepted word in standardEnglish. (F)7. "In case" is used to express a condition that might happen. (T)8. "Alike" is an adjective and "like" is a preposition. (T)9. "Whether" and "if" can be used interchangeably in all contexts. (F)10. "Disinterested" means "not interested." (F)答案：1. F2. T3. T4. T5. T6. F7. T8. T9. F10. F四、简答题（每题 5 分，共 20 分）1. What is the difference between "affect" and "effect"?2. Explain the use of the subjunctive mood in English.3. What is the function of an adverb in a sentence?4. How do you use the present perfect tense?答案：1. "Affect" is typically used as a verb meaning to influence or change something, while "effect" is usually a noun referring to the result or outcome of an action.2. The subjunctive mood is used to express various states of unreality such as doubt, possibility, necessity, or action that has not yet occurred. It is often used in conditional sentences and for wishes or hypothetical situations.3. An adverb modifies verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, providing information about time, place, manner, degree, or frequency of actions or states.4. The present perfect tense is used to describe actions that have occurred at an unspecified time before now or actions that started in the past and continue to the present. It isformed with the subject + have/has + past participle of the verb.五、讨论题（每题 5 分，共 20 分）1. Discuss the importance of idiomatic expressions in English communication.2. What are the challenges faced by non-native English speakers when learning English, and how can they overcome these challenges?3. How does the use of metaphors and similes enhance the understanding and appreciation of literature?4. What role does context play in the interpretation of words and phrases in English?答案：1. Idiomatic expressions are crucial in English communication as they convey culture-specific meanings and nuances that literal translations cannot capture. They are often used in informal speech and writing and can add color and depth to communication, making it more engaging and authentic.2. Non-native English speakers may face challenges such as pronunciation, understanding idiomatic expressions, and grammatical structures. They can overcome these challenges by practicing regularly, engaging with native speakers, using language learning resources, and immersing themselves inEnglish-speaking environments.3. Metaphors and similes in literature create vivid imagery and comparisons that help readers understand abstract concepts or complex ideas. They can evoke emotions and enhance the reader's engagement with the text, making the narrative more relatable and memorable.4. Context plays a significant role in the interpretation of words and phrases in English as it provides clues about the intended meaning. Without context, words can have multiple interpretations, leading to confusion. Understanding the context helps in disambiguating words and grasping the intended message accurately.。
2021年下半年英语三级笔译(CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文
2021年下半年英语三级笔译（CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Some airlines have advised passengers not to lean back in economy class, which has triggered off a debate. Some think that airlines should lock their economy seats from reclining (后倾) permanently and should immediately stop using the phrase "sit back, relax and enjoy the flight". That's an invitation to lean back all the way. But others think that it is the God-given right of passengers to recline. If you click around the internet for a while, you will find that this debate is far from settled.There are several arguments against reclining. First, reclining your airline seat is unacceptable because we're literally out of space. There's no space to recline. Airlines are trying to squeeze more passengers on a plane to make more money. Before airline deregulation, many economy class seats had a generous 36 inches of "pitch", a rough measure of legroom. Today, some seats have as little as 28 inches.Second, it is a moral issue. If you recline your airplane seat, you'll probably end up in someone's lap. A frequent air traveler says, "what do you do if the person in front of you reclines all the way? What if you turn around to discover that a 6-foot-4 passenger seated behind you? Do you eat your meal in your lap while the tray table cuts into your stomach or do you reclines well and crush the legs of the person behind you?" Another traveler says, "seat reclining is one of the most irritating, inconvenient, self-indulgent habits. "You'll invade another passenger's personal space, which might lead to an unfriendly confrontation. So it is rude to recline, and it is wrong. Most folks would rather sacrifice the 2 inches of reclining backward not to have someone siting in their lap for the distance of a fight." I wish all airlines would eliminate the recline function," says a retired Air Force inspector.But if there is no room to recline your airplane seat, and it's wrong, why do so many airlines still allow it? Because if they didn't, it would be an admission that they no longer care about your comfort. Airlines are stacking you into a plane like cargo.Furthermore, the airline industry loves the seat reclining argument because it divides us. And while we're arguing about 2 inches of personal space, they are busy collecting more money from passengers and slowly removing even more room. Whether you think reclining your airline seat is wrong or not, let's agree on one thing: Greedy airlines got us to this point. Fighting over the scraps of space won't fix it. If we ever needed thoughtful government regulation, maybe it is now.Reclining an airline seat is still allowed on most flights. Here's how to deal with someone who leans into your airspace. Ask them to lean forward. Timing and tone are important here.The moment someone leans back, gently tap the person on the shoulder and politely ask them if it would be possible not to recline their seat, or get a flight attendant involved. Some leaner are clever and wait for you to go to the restroom before leaning. Then they feign sleep,which makes you reluctant to bother them. You can always ask a fight attendant for help.【参考译文】：一些航空公司建议经济舱的旅客不要将座椅靠背后倾，由此引发了一场争论。
笔译三级考试题库及答案
笔译三级考试题库及答案一、单选题1. 下列哪个选项是“笔译”的英文表达？A. TranslationB. InterpretationC. TranscriptionD. Transliteration答案：A2. 笔译三级考试主要考察的是哪种语言能力？A. 听说能力B. 读写能力C. 口译能力D. 写作能力答案：B二、填空题3. 笔译三级考试要求考生具备________年以上的笔译工作经验。
答案：三4. 笔译三级考试的合格标准是总分达到________分以上。
答案：60三、阅读理解题5. 阅读以下段落，并回答问题：随着全球化的发展，跨文化交流变得越来越重要。
笔译作为一种语言服务，不仅能够帮助人们跨越语言障碍，还能促进不同文化之间的理解和沟通。
在笔译工作中，译者需要具备扎实的语言功底、广博的知识面和敏锐的文化感知能力。
问题：笔译在跨文化交流中的作用是什么？答案：笔译能够帮助人们跨越语言障碍，促进不同文化之间的理解和沟通。
四、翻译题6. 将下列句子从中文翻译成英文：“随着互联网技术的发展，远程笔译工作变得越来越普遍。
”答案："With the development of internet technology, remote translation work is becoming more and more common."7. 将下列句子从英文翻译成中文："The role of a translator is to bridge the gap betweendifferent languages and cultures."答案：“翻译者的角色是架起不同语言和文化之间的桥梁。
”五、简答题8. 简述笔译三级考试的评分标准。
答案：笔译三级考试的评分标准主要包括译文的准确性、流畅性、完整性和专业性。
准确性要求译文忠实原文，无误译漏译；流畅性要求译文通顺自然，符合目标语言的表达习惯；完整性要求译文涵盖原文所有信息，无遗漏；专业性要求译文符合专业领域的特点和要求。
英语笔译三级试题及答案
英语笔译三级试题及答案English Translation Level 3 Exam Questions and AnswersPart I: Vocabulary and Grammar (20 points)Question 1: Choose the best word to fill in the blank.1. The company has recently undergone a significant__________ in management.- A) transformation- B) translation- C) transfusion- D) transportationAnswer 1: A) transformation2. Despite the heavy rain, the marathon was held as__________.- A) scheduled- B) scheduling- C) schedule- D) schedulesAnswer 2: A) scheduledQuestion 2: Identify the grammatical error in the following sentence and provide the correct version.- The book, which was written by my favorite author, is very interesting.Answer 2: The sentence is grammatically correct.Part II: Reading Comprehension (30 points)Passage 1:In recent years, the trend of remote working has become increasingly popular. Companies are realizing the benefits of allowing employees to work from home, including increased productivity and reduced overhead costs. However, there are also challenges associated with remote work, such as maintaining communication and ensuring data security.Question 3: According to the passage, what are the benefitsof remote working for companies?Answer 3: The benefits of remote working for companiesinclude increased productivity and reduced overhead costs.Passage 2:The invention of the internet has revolutionized the way we communicate and access information. It has made it possibleto share knowledge and ideas across the globe instantaneously. Despite its many advantages, the internet also poses certain risks, such as cybercrime and the spread of misinformation.Question 4: What are the potential risks associated with theinternet mentioned in the passage?Answer 4: The potential risks associated with the internet include cybercrime and the spread of misinformation.Part III: Translation (50 points)Question 5: Translate the following sentence from English to Chinese.- The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in our daily lives.Answer 5: 技术的快速发展给我们的日常生活带来了重大变化。
CATTI三级笔译实务(附答案)
CATTI三级笔译实务Section1: English-Chinese translationThe importance of agriculture cannot be overstated. More than 50 percent of the world’s labor force is employed in agriculture. The distribution in the early 1980s ranged from 67 percent of those employed in Africa to less than 5 percent in North America. In Western Europe, the figure was about 16 percent; in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, about 32 percent; and in Asia, about 68 percent.Farm size varies widely from region to region. Recently the average for Canadian farms was about 186 ha (about 460 acres) per farm, and for U.S. farms, about 175 ha (about 432 acres). The average size of a single landholding in the Philippines, however, may be somewhat less than 3.6 ha (less than 9 acres), and in Indonesia, a little less than 1.2 ha (less than 3 acres).Size also depends on the purpose of the farm. Commercial farming, or production for cash, is usually done on large holding. The plantations of Latin America are large, privately owned estates worked by tenant labor. Single-crop plantations produce tea, rubber, cocoa. Wheat farms are most efficient when they comprise some thousands of hectares and can be worked by teams of people and machines. Australian sheep stations and other livestock farms must be large to provide grazing for thousands of animals.Individual subsistence farms or small-family mixed-farm operations are decreasing in number in developed countries but are still numerous in the developing countries of Africa and Asia. A “back-to-the-land” movement in the U.S. reversed the decline of small farms in New England and Alaska in the decade from 1970 to 1980.The conditions that determine what will be raised in an area include climate, water supply, and terrain.Over the 10,000 years since agriculture began to be developed, peoples everywhere have discovered the food value of wild plants and animals and domesticated and bred them. The most important are cereals such as wheat, rice, barley, corn and rye.Agricultural income is also derived from non-food crops such as rubber, fiber plants, tobacco, and oilseeds used in synthetic chemical compounds. Money is also derived from raising animals for pelt.Much of the foreign exchange earned by a country may be derived from a single commodity; for example, Sri Lanka depends on tea, Denmark specializes in dairy products, Australia in wool, and New England in meat products. In the U.S., wheat has become a major foreign exchange commodity in recent years.The importance of an individual country as an exporter of agricultural products depends on many variables. Among them is the possibility that the county is too little developed industrially to produce manufactured goods in sufficient quantity or technical sophistication. Such agricultural exporters include Ghana with cocoa, and Myanmar with rice. On the other hand, an exceptionally well-developed country may produce surpluses not needed by its own population; this as been true of the U.S., Canada, and some of the West European countries.Section2: Chinese-English translation由于西藏地处“世界屋脊”，自然条件恶劣，也由于几百年落后的封建农奴制社会形成的各种社会历史条件内的限制，西藏在全国还属于不发达地区。
2022年上半年英语三级笔译(CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文
2022年上半年英语三级笔译（CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.China launched an unmanned module(核心舱)on Thursday (containing what will become living quarters for three crew on a permanent space station)that it plans to complete by the end of 2022. The module, named "Tianhe", or“Harmony of the Heavens", which will have a lifespan of at least 10 years, was launched on the Long March 5B, China's largest carrier rocket, at 11: 23 am. (0323 GMT) from the Wenchang Space Launch Center on the southern is land of Hainan.Tianhe is one of three main components of what would be China's first self-developed space station, rivaling the only other station in service—the International Space Station (ISS). The ISS is backed by the United States, Russia, Europe, Japan and Canada. It has hosted scientists from over a dozen nations but China has been banned from sending any of its astronauts there. Yet, the fate of the ISS, though in orbit for more than two decades, is now uncertain. The project is set to expire in 2024 without funding from its partners. Russia said this month that it would quit the project from 2025.The Tianhe launch was the first of 11 missions which it will take to construct and outfit the space station with everything it needs in order to host its initial crew. Unlike the International Space Station which can hold six comfortably and up to eight if needed, China's space station will initially be capable of supporting up to three astronauts at once. That number could change dramatically in the future if China decides to further build out the station, add new modules, and new living areas.In the later missions China will launch two other core modules, four manned spacecraft and four cargo spacecraft. At least 12 astronauts of both genders are training to fly to and live in the station, including veterans of previous flights and newcomers. When completed by late 2022, Tianhe is expected to weigh about 66 tons. After years of successful rocket and commercial satellite launches, China put its first astronaut into space in October 2003. It was only the third country to independentlydo so after the former Soviet Union and the United States.Since that Shenzhou-5 mission, China has sent other astronauts into orbit, placed crews on the original Tiangong Station and conducted a space walk. The launch of as pace lab Tiangong-1in 2011 and Tiangong-2 in2016 helped China test the program's space rendezvous and docking capabilities.China plans another mission in 2024 to bring back lunar samples and to land people on the moon and possibly build a scientific base there. No timeline has been proposed for such projects. China aims to become a major space power by 2030. It has ramped its space program with visits to the moon, the launch of an uncrewed probe to Mars and the construction of its own space station. The Chinese space agency has been moving fast in its aim to catch up to the U. S. and Russia in the new space race.【参考译文】：中国计划于2022年底建成一个永久性太空站/空间站。
最新CATTI三级笔译实务全部试题真题及答案汇总
C A T T I三级笔译实务全部试题真题及答案汇总------------------------------------------作者xxxx------------------------------------------日期xxxx201７年5月全国翻译专业资格（水平)考试英语三级《笔译实务》试卷Section １: Engｌｉsh—ChiｎeseTransｌatiｏn (５0 poinｔs）Ｔranslａte ｔhe follｏwing passagｅ into Cｈinesｅ。
Impｒoved humaｎwｅll—beinｇis thｅｇrｅateｓt tｒiumph of modern erａ．Ｔｈe ａgｅof plenty haｓ alｓo lｅd tｏ an unｅxpected gloｂａl ｈeａｌth ｃrisis: ｔwo billioｎ peopｌe ａｒe eｉthｅｒoｖerweighｔ or ｏbese. Devｅloped coｕntｒies hａve been especiallｙｓusceｐtible ｔo unhealｔhy weighｔ gａin。
Ｈowｅver， deｖeloping cou ｎtrieｓaｒｅ now faｃｉnｇ a simiｌaｒcrｉsis。
Obｅｓｉｔy rａtes ｈａve peakeｄ iｎ hｉgｈｉncome coｕntrieｓｂut aｒe aｃceleratｉng eｌsewhｅre。
Tｈｅcombined ｆindingｓ of the Ｗorld Healｔh Oｒｇanisatｉoｎａnd ｔｈe Ｗorｌd Baｎｋ shoｗed thaｔ in 2016 Asia was home ｔo haｌf ｔhｅ woｒld’ｓｏverweiｇｈt chilｄreｎ。
Ｏnｅｑuarter wｅｒｅin Ａfriｃa。
全国翻译专业资格 (水平) 考试英语三级《笔译实务》样题
Section1:English-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following passage into Chinese.Freed by warming,waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle.In Bykovsky, a village of 457 residents at the tip of a fin-shaped peninsula on Russia’s northeast coast,the shoreline is collapsing,creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate of 15 to 18 feet, or 5 to 6 meters, a year. Eventually,homes will be lost as more ice melts each summer,and maybe all of Bykovsky, too.“It is practically all ice —permafrost —and it is thawing.” The 4 million Russian people who live north of the Arctic Circle are feeling the effects of warming in many ways. A changing climate presents new opportunities, but it also threatens their environment,the stability of their homes,and,for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.A push to develop the North,quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region.Discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil or liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia,headed for the eager markets of Europe and North nd that was untouched could be tainted by air and water pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well,forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit coastal villages at a projected cost of US$100 million or more for each one.Across the Arctic,indigenous tribes with cultural traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and笔译实务 (英语·三级) 试卷第 1 页 (共 3 页)wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.In Finnmark, the northernmost province of Norway, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau,silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.A changing Arctic is felt there, too, though in another way. “The reindeer are becoming unhappy,” said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and as a result Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance.And yet no amount of government support can convince Eira that his livelihood,intractably entwined with the reindeer,is not about to change.Like a Texas cattleman he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring are melting the top layers of snow,which then refreeze as ice,making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat.“The people who are making the decisions,they are living in the south and they are living in towns,”said Eira,sitting beside a birch fire inside his lavvu, a home made of reindeer hides.“They don’t mark the change of weather.It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it.”Section2:Chinese-English Translation(50points)Translate the following passage into English.中国为种类繁多的菜肴感到十分自豪。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2012年11月For more than 30 years, I have been wondering about L.R. Generson.On one of our first Christmases together, my husband gave me a complete set of Dickens. There were 20 volumes, bound in gray cloth with black corners, old but in good condition. Stamped on the flyleaf of each volume, in faded block letters, was the name of the previous owner: "L.R. Generson, M.D., Bronx, NY."That Dickens set is one of the best presents anyone has ever given me. A couple of the books are still pristine, but others - “Bleak House,’’ “David Copperfield,’’ and especially “Great Expectations’’ - have been read and re-read almost to pieces. Over the years, the character kept me company . And so, , has L.R. Generson.，in his silent enigmatic way.Did he love the books as much as I do? Who was he? On a whim, I Googled him. There wasn’t much - a sin gle mention on a veterans’ website of a World War II captain named Leonard Generson. But I did find a Dr. Richard Generson, an oral surgeon living in New Jersey. Since Generson is not a common name, I decided to write to him.Dr. Generson was kind enough to write back. He told me that his father, Leonard Richard Generson, was born in 1909. He lived in New York City but went to medical school in Basel, Switzerland. He spoke 10 languages fluently. As an obstetrician and gynecologist, he opened a practice in the Bronx shortly before World War II. His son described him as “an extremely patriotic individual’’; right after Pearl Harbor he closed his practice and enlisted. He served throughout the war as a general surgeon with an airborne special forces unit in Eur ope, where he became one of the war’s most highly decorated physicians.Leonard Generson’s son didn’t remember the Dickens set, though he told me that there were always a lot of novels in the house. His mother probably “cleaned house’’ after his father’s d eath in 1977 - the same year my husband bought the set in a used book store.I found this letter very moving, with its brief portrait of an intelligent, brave man and his life of service. At the same time, it made me question my presumption that somehow L.R. Generson and I were connected because we’d owned the same set of books. The letter both told me a little about him, and told me that I would never really know anything about him - and why should I? His son must have been startled to hear from a stranger on such a fragile pretext. What had I been thinking?One possible, and only somewhat facetious, answer is that I’ve read too much Dickens. In the world of a Dickens novel, everything is connected to everything else. Orphans find families. Lovers are joined (or parted and morally strengthened). Ancient mysteries are solved and old scores are settled. Questions are answered. Stories end.Leonard Generson’s life touched mine only lightly, through the coincidence of a set of books. But there are other lives he touched more deeply. The next time I read a Dickens novel, I will think of him and his military service and his 10 languages. And I will think of the hundreds of babies he must have delivered, who are now in the middle of their own lives and their own stories.答案三十多年来，我一直在想关于L. R. Generson的事情。
跟老公过第一个圣诞节的那天，他送给我一整套狄更斯的书。
一共有二十册，灰布封面，黑边裹角，虽有些泛旧，但保存完好。
每一本书的扉页上，之前主人的名字大写而就：L. R. Generson, M.D.,布朗克斯，纽约；只是字迹有些斑驳。
这套狄更斯的作品是我收到的最好的礼物之一。
有些书还是原来的样子，但是像《荒凉山庄》《大卫-科波菲尔》这几本，尤其是《远大前程》，由于反复阅读已经翻烂。
多年来书中的人物一直陪伴着我, 当然还有L. R. Generson，虽然他静默又神秘。
他是否也像我一样珍爱这些书？他是谁？(我时常这样想）有一次心血来潮，便上网搜索。
信息不多，只在一个老兵网站上搜到了二战时期一个叫里奥纳德-杰内森的上尉。
但我找到了理查德-杰内森博士，他是新泽西州一位口腔外科医生。
由于姓氏杰内森并不常见，我决定写信给他。
杰内森博士很热心，给我回了信。
他告诉我，他的父亲，里奥纳德-理查德-杰内森，1909年生于纽约。
后来在瑞士Basel读医科，能熟练地讲十种语言。
成为一名妇产科医生后，二战前夕他在布朗克斯开了一家诊所。
在他儿子眼中，父亲是“一个非常爱国的人”；日本偷袭珍珠港后，他随即关闭了诊所参了军。
战争期间他在欧洲一支空运特种部队担任外科医生，是获得最高荣誉勋章的医生之一。
里奥纳德-杰内森的儿子不记得那套狄更斯的书籍，但是他告诉我，那时他们家一直有很多小说。
大概是他的妈妈在1977年他父亲去世后“整理房间”处理了一部分书，而恰在那一年，我丈夫在一家二手书店买到了那套书。
我觉得这封信很感人，尽管它只简短地介绍了一个智慧、勇敢的人，及他毕生的贡献。
同时，我不禁产生一个疑问，由于我和L. R. Generson 曾拥有同一套书，因此我们之间才有了某种联系。
那封信告诉我了一些他的信息，而我永远不会真正了解他，为什么我要了解呢？他的儿子收到一个陌生人由只字片语而寄来的信时一定很惊讶。
我当时是怎么想的？我想可能是读了太多狄更斯的缘故，这解释听来有几分可笑。
在他的小说里，任何事物都跟其他的事物相联系。
孤儿找到亲人，有情人终成眷属（或者有缘无分，各自心灵得到升华），旧时秘密被探知，昔日宿怨最终得偿，谜题解开，故事也就结束了。
仅仅一套书的机缘巧合，里奥纳德-杰内森的生活就打动了我，他接触过的人必定受他影响更深。
下次我再读狄更斯的小说时，我会想起他，想起他的军旅生涯，他能讲的十种语言。
我也会想起他所接生过的数百个婴儿，现在都过着自己的生活，有着独特的故事。
10年11月When night falls in remote parts of Africa and the Indian subcontinent, hundreds of millions of people without access to electricity turn to candles or flammable and polluting kerosene lamps for illumination.Slowly through small loans for solar powered devices, microfinance is bringing light to these rural regions where a lack of electricity has stymied economic development, literacy rates and health.“Earlier, they could not do muc h once the sun set. Now, the sun is used differently. They have increased their productivity, improved their health and socio-economic status,” said Pinal Shah from SEWA Bank, a micro-lending institution.Vegetable seller Ramiben Waghri took out a loan to buy a solar lantern which she uses to light up her stall at night. The lantern costs between $66-$112, about a week’s income for Waghri.“The vegetables look better by this light, and it’s cheaper than kerosene and doesn’t smell,” said Waghri, who estimates she makes about 300 rupees ($6) more each evening with her lantern. “If we can use the sun to save some money, why not?”In India, solar power projects, often funded by micro credit institutions, are helping the country reduce carbon emissions and achieve its goal to double the contribution of renewable energy to 6%, or 25,000 megawatts, within the next four years.Off-grid applications such as solar cookers and lanterns, which can provide several hours of light at night after being charged by the sun during the day, will help cut dependence on fossil fuels and reduce the fourth biggest emitter’s carbon footprint, said Pradeep Dadhich, a senior fellow at energy research institute TERI.“They are reaching people who otherwise have limited or no access to electricity, and depend on kerosene, diesel or firewood for their energy needs,” he said.“The applications not only satisfy these needs, they also improve the quality of life and reduce the carbon footprint.”SEWA or Self Employed Women’s Asso ciation, is among a growing number of microfinance institutions in India focused on providing affordable renewable energy sources to poor people, who otherwise would have had to stand for hours to buy kerosene for lamps, or trudge miles to collect firewood for cooking.SKS Microfinance, India’s largest MFI, offers solar lamps to its 5 million customers, while Grameen Surya Bijlee (Rural Solar Electricity) Foundation helps fund lamps and home and street lighting systems for villagers in India, Nepal and Bangladesh.答案手机图片汉译英互联网推进了中国经济社会发展。