现代大学英语精读6 the bluest eye是关于作者以及小说人物最悲惨角色的分析和小说以及这篇课文的主题。
精读thebluesteye课文翻译
精读thebluesteye课文翻译【实用版】目录1.课文概述2.精读 thebluesteye 的意义3.thebluesteye 的主要内容4.课文翻译的重要性5.结论正文1.课文概述《thebluesteye》是一本由美国作家 Toni Morrison 所写的小说。
这本书讲述了一个名叫 Pecola Breedlove 的黑人女孩在二十世纪四十年代的美国中南部地区所经历的成长历程。
小说以 Pecola 的视角展示了那个时代黑人所面临的种种困难和挑战，揭示了社会对黑人的歧视和压迫，以及黑人对自我身份的探索和认同。
2.精读 thebluesteye 的意义精读《thebluesteye》对于理解美国黑人文化和历史具有重要意义。
通过阅读这本书，读者可以深入了解那个时代黑人所面临的社会问题，感受到黑人面对歧视和压迫的坚韧和勇气，以及他们对自我价值的坚持和追求。
同时，这本书也是一部文学杰作，Morrison 的独特写作风格和深入人心的情感描写使得阅读体验非常丰富。
3.thebluesteye 的主要内容《thebluesteye》的主要内容包括 Pecola 的成长经历，她对于美的追求，以及她对自我身份的探索和认同。
小说通过 Pecola 的视角展示了那个时代黑人所面临的种种困难和挑战，包括社会的歧视和压迫，经济的贫困和落后，以及家庭的破裂和暴力。
同时，小说也揭示了黑人对自我身份的探索和认同，他们坚持自己的文化和价值观，追求自由和平等，以及他们对美的追求和热爱。
4.课文翻译的重要性对于中国读者来说，阅读《thebluesteye》的英文原文可能存在一些语言和文化上的障碍。
因此，将这本书翻译成中文，使得更多的读者能够理解和欣赏，具有重要意义。
通过阅读中文翻译，中国读者可以更好地理解美国黑人文化和历史，感受到黑人面对歧视和压迫的坚韧和勇气，以及他们对自我价值的坚持和追求。
同时，中文翻译也可以使得中国读者更好地理解 Morrison 的独特写作风格和深入人心的情感描写。
精读thebluesteye课文翻译
精读thebluesteye课文翻译
（实用版）
目录
1.概述《最蓝的眼睛》的内容梗概
2.分析课文的翻译技巧和难点
3.对比不同翻译版本的优缺点
4.总结《最蓝的眼睛》的翻译对英语学习的启示
正文
《最蓝的眼睛》是著名作家托妮·莫里森的一部小说，讲述了一个名叫克劳迪亚的女孩，因为拥有一双蓝色的眼睛而在当时的社会中备受歧视和折磨。
这篇课文的翻译对于学习英语和翻译技巧具有很高的价值。
首先，我们来分析一下这篇课文的翻译技巧和难点。
在翻译时，需要考虑语言和文化背景的差异，同时还要注意词汇、语法、句式等方面的转换。
例如，原文中的“blue eyes”在翻译时需要考虑到它在英语文化中的象征意义，即“纯洁、美丽和高贵”。
此外，还需要注意一些隐喻和象征意义的表达，以便更好地传达作者的意图。
接下来，我们来对比一下不同翻译版本的优缺点。
在翻译《最蓝的眼睛》时，不同版本的译文在传达原文意境和表达作者观点方面有所差异。
其中，某些译文较为接近原文的表达方式，较好地保留了原文的语言风格；而另一些译文则在表达上较为通顺，便于读者理解。
不过，总体而言，这些翻译版本都较为成功地传达了原文的主题和情感。
最后，通过学习《最蓝的眼睛》的翻译，我们可以总结出以下几点对英语学习的启示。
首先，学习英语时需要注重语言和文化的融合，以便更好地理解和表达。
其次，要注意词汇、语法和句式等方面的转换，提高翻译的准确性和流畅性。
最后，多阅读优秀的英文作品，可以提高我们的英语水平和翻译能力。
总之，《最蓝的眼睛》这篇课文的翻译对于学习英语和翻译技巧具有很高的价值。
大学英语精读第6册课文全文翻译-中英对照
However, there are signs that much more serious efforts may be mustered in the reasonably near future. Besides, hand in handwith the recent spectacular advances in radio technology, there has been a dramatic increase in the scientific and public respectability of the entire subject of extraterrestrial life. A clear sign of the new attitude is the Viking missions to Mars, whichare to a significantextent dedicated to the search for life on another planet.
高英精读6lesson9thebluesteye
China
hometown is one place of birth or one’s ancestral place with along with one’s family and culture root.
But these girls soak up the juice of their home towns, and it never leaves them. Juice: the essence of everything.
They do not drink, smoke, or swear, and they still call sex “nookey.”
Drinking, smoking and swearing are considered to be bad behavior. Therefore these brown girls don’t drink, smoke or swear. They still think sex is vulgar [ˈvʌlgə] a.粗野的，下流的；and indecent [inˈdi:sənt]a.不适当的；猥亵的. This is another example showing how the brown girls try to meet the conventional puritanical codes of moral conduct.
That means they say those names in a very gentle and tender manner. They were proud of their origin.
Perhaps because they don’t have home towns, just places where they were born.
探析非主流文学作品《最蓝的眼睛》中佩科拉的悲剧
探析非主流文学作品《最蓝的眼睛》中佩科拉的悲剧作者：邓薇来源：《青年文学家》2015年第36期作者简介：邓薇（1980.8-），女，汉族，长春工程学院外语学院讲师，硕士，研究方向：英语语言文学。
[中图分类号]：I106 [文献标识码]：A[文章编号]：1002-2139（2015）-36-0-01美国是个多元文化的国家，除了占主导地位的盎格鲁—撒克逊白人文化外还包含着各种不同的文化，如黑人文化、女性文化等。
作为非主流的黑人文化对美国的主流文化有着非比寻常的影响。
当代美国黑人文坛群星中，当属非洲裔美国黑人女作家托尼·莫里森为最耀眼的一位。
《最蓝的眼睛》是莫里森的处女作。
作品讲述了20世纪40年代美国北方的一个黑人小女孩佩科拉·布莱德拉夫在文化冲突与认同中迷失自我、否定自我，最后自我毁灭的故事。
一、社会大环境下黑人的主体意识缺失人属于社会性动物，所以人的存在需要被社会接受和认可，这就是人在社会里身份和地位的存在。
故事发生的年代，美国黑人作为真实人类存在，但却被人忽视了其真实存在。
在故事开头，读者从故事的一开始就领略了典型的西方观念中理想的房子：“就是这幢房子，绿色和白色相间，门是红色的。
它很漂亮……”这个铺垫展示了全家人在舒适的房子里和谐的生活画面，这是白色主流文化的象征。
相反，佩克拉一家居住在店铺房里，家里仅有的摆设——一个带裂缝的沙发椅和一个煤炭炉，环境恶劣，生活境遇艰苦，莫里森向我们展示了黑人在社会里恶劣的生存环境和卑下地位。
黑人群体作为社会的组成部分在社会上不被接受，尊重和认可，更谈不上成为被关心的对象，相反他们时常受到白人的讥讽和嘲弄。
文中处处渗透着“白人优越”的意识，例如克劳迪娅得到白人洋娃娃；对秀兰·邓波的理想化；认为浅黑色皮肤的莫林优于其他黑人女孩的看法；白人女性在电影里的完美化等情节。
长期以来，黑人种族都一直处于夹缝中，阴霾的生存，受尽白人压迫，却无力反抗。
(完整版)大学英语精读第6册课文全文翻译-中英对照
The standard research report, regardless of the field or the intended reader, contains four major sections. These sections may be broken down into a variety of subsections, and they may be arranged in a variety of ways, but they regularly make up the core of the report.
Results Section. The third, and perhaps most important, section of the research report is the presentation of the results obtained from the investigation. The basic rule in this section is to give all data relevant to the research question initially asked. Although, of course, one's natural tendency might be to suppress any findings which do not in some way support one's hypothesis, such dishonesty is antithetical to good research reporting in any field. If the experiments undertaken fail to prove anything, if the data was inadequate or contrary to expectations, the report should be honestly written and as complete as possible, just as it would be if the hypothesis were totally proven by the research.
精读thebluesteye课文翻译
精读thebluesteye课文翻译《最蓝的眼睛》是美国著名作家托妮·莫里森的处女作，也是她的代表作之一。
本书通过讲述一个黑人小女孩的悲惨遭遇，揭示了种族歧视对人们心灵的深远影响。
下面是对小说中一段重要课文的精读翻译，让我们一起深入探讨其内涵。
原文："Her eyes were like the bluest of blueberries, a blue that was almost painful to look at.They were the kind of eyes that you could get lost in, that could make you forget who you were and where you were from.But she didn"t know that.She had been told that blue eyes were the worst kind, the most unattractive color a person could have.And so, she had spent her entire life hating her eyes, hating that part of her that was the bluest."翻译：她的眼睛像最蓝的蓝莓，那种蓝几乎让人看得心痛。
那是会让你迷失其中，让你忘记自己是谁、来自何方的眼睛。
但她并不知道这一点。
她被告知，蓝眼睛是最糟糕的，一个人能拥有的最不吸引人的颜色。
因此，她用尽一生去憎恨自己的眼睛，恨那最蓝的部分。
精读解析：1."Her eyes were like the bluest of blueberries"：这里用“蓝莓”作为比喻，形象地描绘了主人公佩科拉眼睛的蓝色。
蓝莓是蓝色的代表，而“最蓝的蓝莓”则强调了这种蓝色的极致。
现代大学英语精读6文章概述
现代大学英语精读6文章概述如何使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚A brief summary of the essayIn the essay, the author brings up 5 historical solutions in presenting both historical solutions and current designs at first. He then concentrates on 5 current designs for getting the poor off our conscience. In presenting both historical solutions and current designs he expresses his critical attitudes implicitly. At the end of the essay, he warns the policy makers and people who are wealthy that "civil discontent and its consequences do not come from contented people.”and that poverty is the permanent ailment of society.Five solutions:1. The next life theory 2. Utilitarianism 3. Poor people’s fault 4. Survival of the fit test 5. Vague denial Five designs:1. Incompetent government 2. Harmful to the poor 3. Adverse effect on incentive 4. Adverse effect on freedom 5. Simple psychological denialThe main idea of the essay:Based on the analysis of historical solutions and current designs, the author ironically criticizes the attitude of getting the poor off our conscience, on which the scholars and politicians have been elaborating for centuries.1、Why the author chooses such a title as this essay?Look at the following photos. Millions and millions of people are struggling for their survival, thousands and thousands of people die of hunger, cold and illness. While ‘Millennium Development Goals are to meet the needs of the world’s poorest”, do you think the author really tries t o call people to get the poor off their conscience?“Plutarch was led to say”implies that it was the actual existence of the rich and poor or the logic of his analysis that made him come to such a conclusion: …If the Rome republic suffered from the same problems 2,000 years ago, it proves the author’s point that poverty is a perpetual (permanent) problem.2.five historical solutionspara. 3 The first solution (next-life theory)Does the author really think that this is an admirable solution?No, he doesn’t.He is being ironical here. He calls it “an admirable solution”because now the rich “get the poor off their conscience”.Para. 4:The second solution (utilitarianism)utilitarianism is a general philosophical idea like idealism. which means the greatest happiness of the greatest number. Utilitarianism is the moral doctrine that we should always act to produce the greatest possible balance of good over had for everyone affected by our action.Consequently, the greatest happiness of all constitutes the standard that determines whether an action is right or wrong. If they promote the greatest human welfare actions are right, if they do not actions are wrong.Para. 5: the third solution (poor people’s fault)Para. 7: the forth solution (Social Darwinism -- survival of the fittest)…the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration:The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the task of solving the problem.Para. 9: the fifth solution (more vague denial of poverty)It declined in popularity, and references to it acquired a condemnatory tone:People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose treasured values of sympathy, love and friendship. Therefore, when it was mentioned, it was usually the target of criticism.3.Para. (10-11):a transition（1）Why does the author call it a revolution?Because it broke away from the traditional conception that the federal government was not responsible for social welfare. The Social Security Act of 1935 laid foundation for the current social welfare system of the United States. Readers can easily sense that the author is for the revolution.（2）What did people feel when a number of social welfare measures were put into practice? Were they right in thinking so? (para.10)People felt that the policy of ignoring the poor and refusing assistance had been abandoned. Since the government was making efforts to relieve the misery of the poor, they did not need to pay attention to any more.They were not completely right. The government did take many measures, but the desire to get the poor off our conscience still lingered on, waiting for chances to come back.4.five current designsPara.12: the first designdesign: planWhat is the argument of the first design?The argument is: Most of the assistance to the poor has to be undertaken by the government, but the government is in essence incompetent and ineffective and will make a mess of thejob. Therefore, the government should not be asked to aid the poor.What is the essence of the first design?The essence of the first design is to take away the responsibility to aid the poor from the government and to put an end to the social welfare policies since the New Deal.Para.13: analysis of the first designIn paragraph 12 and 13 , the author, on three occasions, mentions the pentagon or national defense. Why does he make these references?The author wants to point out the ironical fact that those people who attack the government or the bureaucracy will not include the military establishment. They want the government to do less or nothing in social welfare but more on “national defense”. The author is highly critical of such a view. He opposes huge military expenditures.What is the basic view of the author?On the whole, the author is positive about public service and government employees. He thinks that the American government has recruited many talented and dedicated people. His criticism is directed at the military establishment. Para. 14-15: the second designThe second design is: Any form of public help to the poor will hurt the poor themselves. Such help will destroy poor people’s motivation, make them lazy and break up their marriages. This is another typical argument put forward today by the conservatives in the U.S. in the discussion of social welfare reform.Does the author agree to the argument?No, the author thinks the accusations are groundless. Hefurther points out that those who support the design have no way to prove that the damage of the aid to the poor is greater than the damage to them caused by a loss of public assistance.Para.16: the third designThe third design: When you give public assistance to the poor, you take money away (through taxes) from the rich and give it ( in the form of public assistance) to the poor. The result is the rich become less willing to work hard and create wealth and the poor are encouraged to remain idle.The author’s view:The author uses two rhetorical questions to counter the argument. He implies that it is not the case that most poor people would prefer welfare to paying job. As for corporate executives, they are working very hard, showing no sign of lack of incentive. To say they are being lazy because they are not paid enough is an insult to the business executives. (the author is using a clever retort here.)Para.17-18: the forth design:The forth design argues that transferring money from the rich to the poor through the government has bad effect on freedom. By freedom, the designers mean spending as much money as one sees fit and giving the government as little as possible.This is possibly the most transparent of all the designs: No mention is ordinarily made of the relation of income to the freedom of the poor:The author is being ironical when he uses the word “transparent”. He means it is the most obvious that when these people talk about freedom they only have in mind the freedom of the rich.Para. 19: the fifth design: psychological denialThis is a psychic tendency that in various manifestations is common to us all.We all have the tendency to close our eyes to unpleasant things or refuse to think about them. This tendency may take different forms.5.conclusionIn the last part, the author subtly points out that public assistance to the poor is in the interest of conservatives. The ending seems not that dramatic but it is in line with the mild irony of the whole piece.肯尼迪总统就职演说The speech claims that all Americans should take on the responsibility of defending freedom and they should oppose Autocratic, poverty, disease and war that are enemies of mankind and in order to accomplish this task, to ensure common prosperity of human life, we compose of large global alliance.General analysis of a political speech1. He must try every possible means to arouse the feelings of audience. What he says represents the interests of the whole people. successful appeal to the emotion of the audience2. specific policyThe speech must have high-sounding words and empty promises3. The speech must be concise and short4. clever-choice of words to convey different meanings/tones.5. the use of biblical style to make it formal/ rigid.6. the use of a lot of rhetorical devices to make his address as powerful/ impressive as possible.1。
精读thebluesteye课文翻译
精读thebluesteye课文翻译
摘要：
1.课文概述
2.精读的重要性
3.蓝眼睛的象征意义
4.课文翻译的技巧与方法
5.总结与展望
正文：
1.课文概述
《thebluesteye》是一篇英语小说，讲述了一个关于美丽与丑陋、善良与邪恶的故事。
文章通过描绘主人公的眼睛，反映出社会对于美的追求与标准的偏执，以及人性的复杂与矛盾。
2.精读的重要性
精读是提高语言能力、理解文章内涵的关键。
通过精读，我们可以更好地掌握文章的结构、语言风格、主题思想等，从而提高我们的阅读能力、写作能力以及语言表达能力。
3.蓝眼睛的象征意义
在《thebluesteye》中，蓝眼睛是一种象征。
它象征着美丽、纯洁、高尚，同时也象征着人们对于美的追求与标准的偏执。
这种象征意义贯穿全文，体现了作者对于人性的深刻思考。
4.课文翻译的技巧与方法
翻译课文需要遵循“信、达、雅”的原则，即准确传达原文的意思，表达通顺流畅，符合汉语的语言习惯。
具体方法包括：理解原文、查阅词典、对比翻译、润色表达等。
5.总结与展望
精读《thebluesteye》并进行翻译练习，不仅可以提高我们的英语水平，还可以让我们深入理解人性、审美等话题。
现代大学英语精读第六册 的第四课和第九课课文 原文
NettlesOur farm was small-nine acres. It was small enough for me to have explored every part of it. Each of the trees on the place had an attitude and a presence-the elm looked serene and the oak threatening, the maples friendly, the hawthorn old and crabby. Even the pits on the river flats had their flats had their distinct character.The girls as well as the boys were divided into two sides. Each girl had her own pile of balls and was working for paticular soldiers, and when a soldier fell wounded he would call out a girl’s name, so that she could drag him away and dress his wounds as quickly as possible. I made weapons for Mike, and mine ws the name he called. There was a keen alarm when the cry came, a wire zinging through your whole body, a fanatic feeling of devotion. When Mike was wounded he never opened his eyes. He lay limp and still while I pressed slimy large leaves to his forehead and throat and-pulling out his shirt-to his pale tender stomach, with its sweet and vulnerable belly button.One morning, of course, the job was all finished, the well capped, the pump reinstated, the fresh water marvelled at. And the truck did not come. There were two fewer chairs at the table for the noon meal. Mike and I had barely looked at each other during those meals. He liked to put ketcup on his bread. His father talked to my father, and the talk was mostly about well, accidents, water tables. A serious man. All work, my father said. Yet- he-Mike’s father-ended nearly every speech with a laugh. The laugh had a lonely boom in it, as if he were still down the well.Sunny and I had been friends in Vancouver years before. Our pregnancies had dovetailed, so that we had managed with one set of maternity clothes. In my kitchen or in hers, once a week or so, distracted by our children and sometimes reeling for lack of sleep, we stoked ourselves up on strong coffee and cigarettes and launched out on a rampage of talk about our marriages, our personal deficiencies, our interesting and discreditable motives, and our forgone ambitions. We read Jung at the same time and tried to keep track of our dreams. During that time of life that is supposed to be a reproductive daze, with the woman’s mind all swamped by maternal juices, we were still compelled to discuss Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and “The Cocktail Party”.He had slept in the guest bedroom the night before but tonight he’d moved downstairs to the fold-out sofa in the front room. Sunny had given him fresh sheets rather than unmarking and making up again the bed he had left for me.Lying in those same sheets did not make for a peaceful night. I knew that he wouldn’t come to see, no matter how small the risk was. It would be a sleazy thing to do, in the house of his friends. And how could he be sure that it was what I wanted? Or that it was what he really wanted? Even I was not sure of it. Up till now, I had always been able to think of myself as a woman who was faithful to the person who she was sleeping with at any given time. My sleep was shallow, my dreams monotonously lustful, with irritating and unpleasant subplots. All night-or at least whenener I woke up-the crickets wre singing outside my windows. At first I thought it was birds. I had lived in cities long enough to have forgotten how crickets can make a perfect waterfall of noise.The bushes right at the edge of the grass looked impenetrable, but close up there were little openings, the narrow paths that animals or people looking for golf balls had made. The ground sloped slightly downward, and we could see a bit of the river. The water was steel gray, and lookedto be rolling. Between it and us there was a meadow of weeds, all in bloom-goldenrod, jewelweed with its red-and-yellow bells, and what I thought were flowering nettles withpinkish-purple clusters, and wild asters. Even the most frail-stemmed, delicate-looking plants had grown up almost as high as, or higher than, our heads. When we stopped and looked up through them we could see something coming, from the direction of the midnight clouds. It was the real rain, coming at us behind the splatter we were getting. It looked as if a large portion of the sky had detached itself and was bearing down, bustling and resolute, taking a not quite recognizable but animate shape. Curtains of rain-not veils but really thick and wildly slapping curtains-were deiven ahead of it. We could see them distinctly, when all we were feeling were light were light, lazy drops. It was almost as if we were looking through a window, and not quite believing that the window would shatter, until it did, and rain and wind hit us, all together, and my hair was lifted an fanned out above my head. I felt as if my skin might do that next.We remained like this until the wind passed over. That could not have been more than five minutes, perhaps onlu two or three. Tain still fell, but now it was ordinary heavy rain. He took his hands away, and we stood up, shakly. Our shirts and slacks were stuck fast to our bodie. We tried to simle, but had hardly the strength for it. Then we kissed and pressed together briefly. This was more of a ritual, a recognition of survival rather than of our bodies’inclinations. Our lips slid against each other, slick and cool, and the pressure of the embrace made us slightly chilly, as fresh water was squished out of our clothing.The bluest eyeThey have the eyes of people who can tell what time it is by the color of the sky. Such girls live in quiet black neighborhoods where everybody is gainfully employed. Where there are porch swings hanging from chains. Where the grass is cut with a scythe, where the grass is cut with a scythe, where rooster combs and sunflowers grow in the yards and pots of bleeding hearts, ivy, and mother-in-law tongue line the steps and windowsills. Such girls have bought watermelon and snap beans from the fruit man’s wagon. They have put in the window the cardboard sigh that has a pound measure printed on each of three edges-qo lbs., 25lbs., 50ibs. –and NO ICE on the fourth. These paticular brown girls from Mobil and Ailen are not like some of their sisters. They are not fretful, nervous, or shrill; they do not have lovely black necks that stretch as though against and invisible collar; their eyes do not bite. These sugar-brown Mobil girls move through the streets without a stir. They are as sweet and plain as buttercake.They go to land-grant colleges, normal schools, and learn how to do the white man’s work with refinement: home economics to prepare his food; teacher education to instruct black children in obedience; music to soothe the weary master and entertain his blunted soul. Here they learn the rest of the lesson begun in those soft houses with porch swings and pots of bleeding heart: how to behave. The careful development of thrift, patience, high morals, and good manners. In short, how to get rid of the funkiness. The dreadful funkiness of passion, the funkiness of nature, the funkiness of the wide range of human emotions.What they do not know is that this plain brown girl will build her nest stick by stick, make it her own inviolable world, and stand guard over its every plant, weed, and doily, even against him. In silence will she return the lamp to where she put it in the first place; remove the dishes from the table as soon as the last bite is taken; wipe the doornob after a greasy hand has torched it. A sidelong look will be enough to tell him to smoke on the back porch. Children will sense instantly that they cannot come into her yard to retrieve a ball. But the men do not know these things. Nor do they know that she will give him her body sparingly and partially.The cat will settle quietly on the windowsill and earess her with his eyes. She can hold him inher arms, letting his back paws stuggle for footing on her breast and his forepaws cling to her shoulder. She can rub the smooth fur and feel the unresisting flesh underneath. At her gentlest touch he will preen, stretch, and open his mouth. And she will accept the strangely pleasant sensation that comes when he writhes beneath her hand and flattens his eyes with a surfeit of sensual delight. When she stands cooking at the table, he will circle about her fingers tremble a little in the pie dough.Junior used to long to play with the black boys. More than anything in the world he wanted to play King of the Mountain and have them pish him down th mound of dirt and roll over him. He wanted to feel their hardness pressing on him. Smell their wild blackness, and say “Fuck you”with that lovely casualness. He wanted to sit with them on curbstones and compare the shapeness of jackknives, the distance and crcs of spitting. In the toilet he wanted to share with them the laurels of being able to pee far and long.He oulled her into another room, even more beautiful than the first. More doilies, a big lamp with green-and-gold base and white shade. There was even a rug on the floor, with enormous dark-red flowers. She was deep in admiration of the flowers when Junior said, “here!”Pecola turned. “Here is your kitten!” he screeched. And he threw a big black cat right in her face. She sucked in her breath in fear and surprise and felt fur in her mouth. The cat clawed her face and chest in an effort to right itself, then leaped nimbly to the floor.。
现代大学英语第六册paraphrase答案(整理版1-4-5-6-9-10-11)
现代大学英语第六册paraphrase答案（整理版1,4,5,6,9,10,11）Lesson 1 How to get the poor off our conscience1.Virtue is ... self-centered.By right action, we mean it must help promote personal interest.2....(poverty) was a product of their excessive fecundity...The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children.3....the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration.The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the task of solving the problem.4.It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature of to human society.5. It declined in popularity, and references to its acquired a condemnatory tone.People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose treasured values of sympathy, love and friendship. Therefore, when it was mentioned, it was usually the target of criticism.6....the search for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end; it wasonly suspended.The desire to find a way to justify the unconcern for the poor had not been abandoned, it had only been put off.7. ...only rarely given to overpaying for monkey wrenches, flashlights, coffee makers, andtoilet seats.Government officials, on the whole, are good, it is very rare that some would pay high prices for office equipment to get kickbacks.8.This is perhaps our most highly influential piece of fiction.It is a very popular story and has been accepted by many but it is not true.9.Belief can be the servant of truth---but even more of convenience.Belief can be useful in the search for truth, but more often than not it is accepted because it is convenient and self-serving.10.George Gilder... Who tells too…the cruel spur of their own suffering to ensure effort...George Gilder advances the view that only when the poor suffer from great misery will they be stimulated to make great efforts to change the situation, in other words, suffering is necessary to force the poor to work hard.Lesson4 nettles1.How all my own territory would be altered, ad if a landslide had gone through it andskimmed off all meaning except loss of Mike.The impact of Mike's leaving on my life was beyond my imagination. I didn't expect that Mike's leaving would have such a tremendous power that it would change the meaning of my existence completely. All my thoughts were about loss of Mike.2.During that time of life that is supposed to be a reproductive daze, with the woman'smind all swamped by maternal juices, we were still compelledto discuss Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and "The Cocktail Party".At that time, we were young mothers, and we were supposed to lead a terribly busy life full of confusion and bewilderment caused by giving birth to and raising babies. And our minds were supposed to be fully occupied by how to feed the babies and things like that. However, in the midst of all this we still felt the need to discuss some of the important thinkers of our time like Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and T.S.Eliot's sophisticated work "The Cocktail Party".3....I would be frightened, not of any hostility but of a kind of nonexistence.I would be frightened, and my fear was not caused by my neighbor's visibly hostile and violentway of life, but by a kind of formless and hidden emptiness and meaninglessness of human existence. What happened around me was totally irrelevant to me, and I felt very isolated and alienated.4.She did not ask me---was it delicacy or disapproval?---about my new life.She did not ask me about my new life, either out of subtle consideration for my feeling about this sensitive subject or out of disapproval for my new life style.5.I t would be a sleazy thing to do, in the house of his friends.It would be a morally low thing, an indecent thing to commit infidelity in the house of a friend.6.I knew now that he was a person who had hit rock bottom.I knew that he was a person who had experienced the worst in life, the hardest experience aperson might have to endure.7.He and wife knew that together and it bound them, as something like that would eitherbreak you apart or bind you, for life.They experienced the worst together and they knew what it was like and understood the meaning of that experience. Such an experience posed the gravest test to people. If they stood the test, their friendship or marriage would be strengthened, and a sacred bondage would be formed between them. but if they failed the test, their relationship would be broken and they would flow on gently and8.Not risking a thing yet staying alive as a sweet trickle, an underground resource. Withthe weight of this now stillness on it, this seal.If they acted on love, they would take risks. They wouldn't do that or go further in their relationship, but they would rather let their love remain as a sweet trickle, which would flow on gently and...Lesson 5 The One Against the Many1. ....the national rejection of dogmatic preconceptions about the nature of the social andeconomic orderThere are such prejudices in an arrogant manner about the characteristic of the social order and economic order and they take it for granted. The country just rejected such prejudice.2. Nor can one suggest that Americans have been consistently vulnerability to secular ideology ever after No one can say that Americans have never been tempted by the approach of understanding, preserving or transforming the world according to rigid dogmas.3.and any intellect so shaped was ...ever afterA mind influenced by Calvinist theology would surely find it somewhat difficult to resist otherideological temptations to ideological thinking.4. Pragmatism is no more wholly devoid...experiencePragmatism is not completely free from abstract ideas just as ideology is not completely free from experience, that is to say, abstract ideas have a place in pragmatism just as experience hasa role in ideology.5. As an ideologist, however, Jefferson....historical curiosityAs a man following a fixed set of beliefs, Jefferson is only an interesting historical figure. His beliefs are out of date and are irrelevant to present-day reality.6....whose central dogma is confided to the custody of an infallible priesthoodTheir central beliefs are imprisoned by the whole body of priests who are always effective. 1....where free men may find partial truths, but where ...on Absolute TruthIn this universe a person whose mind is unconstrained may be able to discover relation truths but no man on earth can claim that he has already grasped the one and only truth.2.But ideology is a drug; no matter how ...it still persists.Ideology has the characteristic of a narcotic. In spite of the fact that it has been proved wrong many times by experience, people still long to commit themselves to ideology.3....the only certainty in an.....abuseThe only thing that is sure of a despotic system is the unrestricted exercise of power.10. The distinctive human triumph...lies in the capacity to understand the frailty of humanstriving ...nonethelessThe most outstanding achievement of humanity is they know that no matter how hard they try, they cannot achieve Absolute truth, yet they continue to make great efforts and refuse to give up.Lesson6 Death of a pig1. It is a tragedy enacted on most farms with ...The murder, being premeditated, is in thefirst degree...and the smoked bacon and ham provide...questionedThe tragedy has an ending---the killing of a pig and the serving of its meat. The killing deliberately planned and carried out efficiently, is the most type of murder. However, whether pigs should end their lives that way has never been questioned.2. A pig couldn't ask for anything better or none has, at any rateA pig could not ask for any better living conditions; at least no pig has ever complained. In aword, my pig lived in a pleasant environment3.You could see him down there at all hours, his white face parting ...his stethoscopedangling ...and grinning his corrosive grinFred was quite excited about the event. He was down at the pigpen all the time. Because of his swollen joints, he moved about unsteadily. His face set apart the grass along the fence as he moved about. He was like a doctor, with his long, drooping ears dangling like a stethoscope, and he scrabbled on the ground as if he were prescribing some medicine.4.When the enema bag appeared, and the bucket of warm suds, his happiness...full chargeof the irrigationWhen it was time to dose the pig, Fred became even more excited, and he managed to get through the fence, and acted as if he was taking charge of the medical treatment.5....and the premature expiration of a pig is...a sorrow in which it feels fully involvedIf a pig dies before he is supposed to, it is a serious matter for the whole community to remember. The whole community would share the sadness for his death.6.I have written this account in penitence and in grief, as a man who...and to explainmy...so many raised pigsThe purpose of this essay is to show that I am sorry for what has happened to my pig,since I have failed to raise the pig and cannot provide a reason why my pig could didn't grow the way other pigs have grown.7.The grave in the woods is unmarked, but ...and I know he and I...on flagless …ownchoosingThe pig's grave in the woods doesn't have a tombstone, but whenever somebody wants to visit it, Fred will show him the way.I know we will often visit it, separate or together, when we need to ponder over problems or when we are depressed.Lesson 9 The Bluest Eye1.Perhaps because they don’t have hometowns……and it never leaves them.This is perhaps because they only have places of birth, but no places where there feel at home and which they identify themselves with. But these girls are strongly influenced by their hometowns, and the influence stays with them forever even they leave their hometowns.2.Wherever it erupts, this Funk, they wipe it away…they find it and fight it until it dies.The brown girls try hard to repress their emotions and passions. However, these natural human emotions cannot be wiped out totally. Sometimes they will emerge and burst out. And they will develop, become stronger and stay with them. So whenever and wherever this Funk bursts out, the brown girls will do their best to stifle it.3.As long as his needs were physical, she could meet them—comfort and satiety.If these needs were physical, she could meet them. She could make him comfortable and give him enough or even more than enough to satisfy his physical needs.4.She had seen this little girl all of her life.Geraldine had seen black girls like Pecola at many places and many times in the past.5.Eyes that questioned nothing and asked everything.On the one hand, they (girls like Pecola) were ignorant and uncomprehending. They did not ask the question that why their lives were so miserable. On the other hand, as they were poverty-stricken and practically had nothing, their eyes revealed their desire for anything that could make their lives easier.6.The end of the world lay in their eyes, and the beginning, and all the waste in between.In the eyes of these girls one can see that they were in despair, without any hope for the future, and that their life was nothing but a waste.7.Th e girls grew up knowing nothing of girdles……the bills of their caps backward.As the girls were growing into young women, they had neverworn girdles to make their figure look slimmer, and thus more elegant; and when the boys grew up, they just began to wear their caps with the bills turned backward to indicate that they had become adults.Lesson 10 Notes on the English Character1.Saint George may caper on banners and……who delivers the goods.As Saint George is a hero, the person of arms, symbolizing chivalry, his image often appears on banners, and his name is often mentioned in the speeches of politicians. Saint George is used as a symbolic figure for political purposes. But John Bull is a tradesman and he delivers the goods we need in our daily life while making money at the same time.2.With its boarding-houses, its compulsory games……all proportion to itsnumbers.The English public schools have unique features. First, all boys live in boarding houses. Second, sports and games are organized and compulsory as part of the school curricular. Third, older students have special duties to help control younger students while the latter must do jobs for the former. Lastly, great emphasis is placed on good form and team spirit. These features enable the public school students to have disproportionately great influence.3.Note the word “bankrupt”……anxious to meet any liabilities.Pay attention to my use of the word “bankrupt”, a word related to business. This reveals my identity as a member of the commercial nation, who would be careful and sensible enough to avoid any risks of failing to pay their debts.4.But my friend spoke as an Oriental……but of kingly munificence andsplendor.But my friend expressed his views as a member of the Oriental countries. They are nourished by a tradition of great generosity and richness, which is different from the English tradition of middle-class prudence.5.True love in this differs from gold and clay……not to take away.In this aspect, true love is different from material things such as clay or even gold which can be divided and taken away. Yet, if we share true love, it will never diminish.6.I will now descend from that dizzy……my business of notetaking.In the above anecdote, I have become an example of the English man for the moment. That put men in a high position which makes me dizzy and its unfamiliar to me. I will now come down from that height and return to my role as your commentator on the characteristics of the English man.7.Such a combination is fruitful, and anyone who possesses it had gone a longway toward being brave.The Englishman’s nervous system acts promptly and feels slowly. The combination of the two qualities is useful, and anyone who has this combination is most likely to be brave.8.Since literature rests on national character……hidden spirits…we see.As literature is based on national character, there must be in the English nature hidden resources of passion that have produced the great romantic literature we see.9.“Oh, I’m used to Bernard Shaw; monkey tricks don’t hurt me.That kind of criticism is just like Bernard Shaw’s attacks. It is nothing new and I’m used to these tricks and jokes; they won’t do any harm to me.10.And the “tolerant humorous attitude”...bounded by the titter and the guffaw.The Englishmen think they have a tolerant and humorous attitude toward criticism.In fact it is not so, because their attitude is limited by uncomfortable laughter, which indicates that beneath the surface of their tolerant humorous attitude, they are uneasy. When they try to be humorous and brush aside criticism, they would titter and guffaw. Such uncomfortable laughter is a sign of uneasiness.11.The cats are all out of their bags, and diplomacy cannot recall them.I have already made all my opinions known to you. What is said is said, and beingdiplomatic cannot unsay what has been said.Lesson 11 Beauty1.The festival of marriage has……can see their glory.In wedding ceremony, time seems to go slowly so everybody, even a fool, could observe things clearly and see how wonderful they are.2.So I can make up my darling……in her girlhood.My daughter may feel she has missed something when she was young. If so, I wish I could make compensation to her now, before she is married.3.The glow of happiness has to cool……crystalli ze into memory.With the passing of time, you will feel a bit more detached from the happy event and then you can recall things more clearly and they will stick in your mind.4. A wedding gown will eventually grow ……seep out of the brightest day.The clothes made for the occasion of wedding, though kept in a box specially treated to repel moths, will have a moldy smell as time goes on; flowers will gradually lose their color and die and even the brightest day will grow dim.5.I feel certain that genuine bea uty……alone but out in the world.I firmly believe that true beauty is not shallow and it exists not because we think itexists but because it actually exists outside of us.6.Yet I persist in believing there is……this tingle than an evolutionary reflex.An evolutionary response cannot adequately explain why there is this physical feeling of excitement. There must be another more important reason—beauty.7.You cannot pursue the law of nature……without pumping into the beauty.If you try to study the law of nature, very soon you will encounter beauty. The study of the law of nature will inevitably lead to the discovery of beauty.8.Because the Creation puts……beauty is free and inexhaustible.Since the birth of the universe, everything in it has revealed its own wonder continuously. Unlike ordinary commodities which cost money and whose supply is limited, beauty is free and inexhaustible.9.Beauty feeds us from the same source that created us.When God created us, He also created beauty.10. I find in that infinity a profound source of meaning and hope.This close relationship makes us see life is meaningful and worth living. Human beings are exactly and wonderfully made for life on Earth. We are powerful. We can appreciate beauty. We have a bright future.。
高英精读6lesson9thebluesteye
课程大纲
第四章：语言和文学手法分析
分析小说的语言特色和文学手 法，如象征、隐喻等。
探讨作者如何通过语言和文学 手法来表达主题和塑造人物形 象。
课程大纲
第五章：总结和思考 对小说的主题、人物和文学手法进行总结。
引发学生对小说主题的思考和讨论。
学习方法
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提前预习
语法解析
• The Bluest Eye is a novel written by Toni Morrison, published in 1970. It is about a young black girl who longs to have blue eyes like the white girls she sees around her. The novel explores themes of beauty, race, and female sexuality.
写作练习
读后感写作
仿写练习
要求学生写一篇读后感，表达自己对 课文的理解和感悟。
选取课文中的经典段落或句子，要求 学生进行仿写练习，提高学生的语言 主题，自选角度， 写一篇不少于800字的文章，锻炼学 生的写作能力。
THANKS
感谢观看
的内心世界。
对比手法
作者运用对比手法，突出了不 同人物的性格特点和命运差异 ，增强了作品的感染力。
象征手法
通过“最蓝的眼睛”这一象征 ，作者表达了对美的追求和对 种族歧视的批判，使主题更加 鲜明。
语言运用
作者运用生动、形象的语言， 描绘了人物形象和场景，使作
品更具文学魅力。
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课后作业与拓展
作业布置
thebluesteye最蓝的眼睛
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• Although her novels typically concentrate on black women, Morrison does not identify her works as feminist.
• She has stated that she thinks “it‘s off-putting(令人不快) to some readers, who may feel that I'm involved in writing some kind of feminist tract. I don't subscribe to patriarchy, and I don't think it should be substituted with matriarchy. I think it's a question of equitable access, and opening doors to all sorts of things.
最新现代大学英语精读6_第九课_The_Bluest_Eyes_最蓝的眼睛_课件课件ppt
• E.g. Rocking often soothes a crying baby. • (2) to make a pain less severe. • E.g. I bought some medicine to soothe my sore throat.
• Questions on the text: • In Para.2, how does the author describe the brown girls? • What is told about the brown girls in Para.3and 4? • What is Para.5 about? • What is the main idea of Para.6-9? • What kind of a boy is Louis Junior? • What is the rhetorical device and implied meaning of
• Point out rich rhetorical devices • Words and expressions:
• Glance off, ease out, soak up, • soothe, funkiness, engage, surfeit • Satiety, telltale, laurels, pick on, alternate, clutch,
middle-class whites.
Para.3-4 : get rid of the funkiness
• What’s the purpose of brown girls receiving more formal education than their poorer sisters?
thebluesteye最蓝的眼睛
CHENLI
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1993
In 1993, Morrison was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature.
——“Toni Morrison, who in novels characterized by visionary force and poetic inport, gives life to an essential aspect of American reality.”
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Later Life
• In 1984, she was appointed to an Albert Schweitzer chair.
• From 1989—2006, she held the Rober F.Goheen Chair at Princeton University.
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1955--1957
• became an English instructor at Texas Southern University after graduation in 1955.
• returned to Howard to teach English in 1957.
• became a member of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority.
Anita Hill, Clarence Thomas, and the Construction of Social Reality • Play in the Dark : Whiteness and the Literary Imagination
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CHENLI
the bluest eye原文节选
the bluest eye原文节选《最蓝的眼睛》是美国作家托妮·莫里森的一部小说，讲述了一个黑人女孩佩奇的成长故事。
佩奇生活在20世纪40年代的美国，她渴望拥有蓝眼睛，因为她认为这样才能变得美丽和受人喜爱。
佩奇生活在一个贫穷的家庭中，她的父母经常争吵，家庭氛围紧张。
她的父亲对她有着不正常的情感，这使得她对自己的外貌和自尊心产生了极大的负面影响。
她渴望得到别人的认可和喜爱，希望自己可以变成一个有吸引力的女孩。
在她的同学们中间，有一个名叫西德妮的女孩，她拥有一双漂亮的蓝眼睛，佩奇非常嫉妒她。
她认为只有拥有蓝眼睛，她才能真正被认为是美丽的。
为了实现她的愿望，佩奇开始祈祷，希望上帝能给她一双蓝眼睛。
然而，佩奇的愿望并没有得到实现。
她逐渐明白，外貌并不是判断一个人价值的唯一标准，真正的美丽来自于内心的自信和善良。
在和一个白人女孩交流后，她明白到外貌并不是决定一个人价值的唯一因素，她开始接受自己的样貌，并学会了自爱。
《最蓝的眼睛》通过佩奇的故事，揭示了种族歧视和身份认同的问题。
小说通过佩奇的视角，展现了一个黑人女孩在种族歧视的社会中如何寻找自我认同和自我接受的过程。
通过佩奇的成长，读者也能够思考自己对美的定义以及社会对美的标准产生的影响。
这部小说不仅仅是一个成长故事，更是对社会中的种族歧视和自我认同问题的探讨。
它通过佩奇的故事，呼吁人们不要被外貌和社会的标准所束缚，要勇敢地展示自己的独特与美丽。
它提醒人们，真正的美丽来自于内心的力量和自信，而不是外界的评判和偏见。
《最蓝的眼睛》这部小说以其深刻的主题和真实的情感赢得了读者的赞誉。
通过佩奇的成长故事，它向读者传达了一种积极的价值观和自我认同的重要性。
这部小说引人深思，使人们反思自己对美的定义和对他人的评判。
它不仅仅是一部文学作品，更是一种对社会问题的思考和探索。
精读thebluesteye课文翻译
精读thebluesteye课文翻译一、介绍《最蓝的眼睛》的作者和作品背景《最蓝的眼睛》是美国作家托妮·莫里森（Toni Morrison）的一部代表作，发表于1970年。
作为她的处女作，这部小说奠定了她在美国文学史上的地位，也成为当代美国文学的经典之作。
小说以20世纪50年代美国黑人社区为背景，讲述了一个关于种族、家庭、友情和自我认同的故事。
二、概述小说的主题和情节小说的主人公佩科拉·布里德洛夫（Pecola Breedlove）是一个十岁的黑人女孩。
她在生活中饱受种族歧视和家庭破裂的折磨，梦想着自己拥有“最蓝的眼睛”，以此摆脱现实的困境。
然而，这个梦想最终破灭，佩科拉在失望中逐渐精神崩溃。
小说通过佩科拉的经历，揭示了美国社会中对黑人的歧视和压迫，以及这种歧视对个体心灵造成的创伤。
三、分析主要角色及其心理活动1.佩科拉：她是一个天真、敏感、渴望被爱的孩子。
在遭受周围环境的歧视和家庭破裂后，她对自我价值产生怀疑，进而幻想自己拥有“最蓝的眼睛”，以求得心灵的安慰。
2.波兰佬：佩科拉的母亲。
她生活在一个充满暴力和压抑的家庭环境中，对生活失去希望，导致精神崩溃。
3.乔利：佩科拉的父亲。
他是一个酒鬼，对家庭不负责任，在外沾花惹草，加剧了家庭矛盾。
4.克劳迪娅：佩科拉的好朋友。
她是一个性格独立、善良的女孩，尽力帮助佩科拉度过困境。
四、讨论作品中的种族主义和社会歧视现象小说通过佩科拉一家的遭遇，展示了当时美国黑人社会所面临的严重歧视。
这种歧视不仅体现在物质生活中，更深刻地影响着黑人的心灵。
佩科拉和家人试图在这个白人主导的社会中寻求认同，却陷入了自我否定的困境。
五、阐述作品对人性的启示和思考《最蓝的眼睛》让我们反思种族歧视和社会压迫对个体心灵造成的伤害。
作品提醒我们，要关注黑人在美国社会中所面临的困境，更要关注所有弱势群体的心灵成长。
在一个充满歧视和偏见的世界里，我们需要更多的理解和关爱，去消除隔阂，实现真正的平等和和谐。
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The Mid-Autumn Festival
恭 贺 中 秋
If a Negro got legs he ought to use them. Sit down too long, somebody will figure out a way to tie them up. Beloved I'm interested in the way in which the past affects the present and I think that if we understand a good deal more about history, we automatically understand a great more about contemporary life. Time interview, Jan. 21, 1998
The Mid-Autumn Festival
恭 贺 中 秋
Toni Morrison
Born (1931-02-18) February 18, 1931 (age 81) Lorain, Ohio, United States Occupation Novelist, Writer Genres African American literature Notable work(s) Beloved, Song of Solomon, The Bluest Eye Notable award(s) Nobel Prize in Literature 1993 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction 1988 Favorite Authors Jane Austen and Leo Tolstoy.
The Mid-Autumn Festival
恭 贺 中 秋
I often think about rewriting or continuing the life of particular characters in subsequent books, but I have found that it's a kind of trap because you never really go on to another topic. TONI MORRISON, Time interview, Jan. 21, 1998 The Nobel Prize is the best thing that can happen to a writer in terms of how it affects your contracts, the publishers, and the seriousness with which your work is taken. On the other hand, it does interfere with your private life, or it can if you let it, and it has zero effect on the writing.It doesn't help you write better and if you let it, it will intimidate you about future projects. TONI MORRISON, Time interview, Jan. 21, 1998
The Mid-Autumn Festival
恭 贺 中 秋
Winter: Chapter 5 Summary
This chapter describes in detail a particular type of black woman. She comes from some small, rural town in the South, full of natural beauty, where everyone has a job. She takes special care of her body and her clothes. She goes to a land-grant college and learns how to do the work reserved for her, the care and feeding of white people, with grace and good manners. She marries and bears the children of a man who knows that she will take good care of his house and his clothes. But she also is a tyrant over her home and over her own body. She does not enjoy sex. She feels affection only for the household cat, which is as neat and quiet as she is. She caresses and cuddles the cat in a way that she refuses to caress or cuddle her family. Then such a woman enters the novel. Her name is Geraldine, she is married to a man named Louis, and they have a son named Junior. Geraldine takes excellent physical care of Junior, but early on, he understands that she feels real affection only for the cat. In response, he tortures the cat and torments children who come to play at the nearby school playground. Junior would have liked to have played with the black children, but his mother will let him play only with upper-class “colored” people, not lower-class “niggers.”
The Mid-Autumn Festival
恭 贺 中 秋
TONI MORRISON QUOTES
At some point in life the world's beauty becomes enough. You don't need to photograph, paint or even remember it. It is enough. No record of it needs to be kept and you don't need someone to share it with or tell it to. When that happens — that letting go — you let go because you can. TONI MORRISON, Tar Baby Love is divine only and difficult always. If you think it is easy you are a fool. If you think it is natural you are blind. It is a learned application without reason or motive except that it is God. TONI MORRISON, Paradise
The Mid-Autumn Festival
恭 贺 中 秋
In this country American means white. The Guardian, Jan. 29, 1992 Anger ... it's a paralyzing emotion ... you can't get anything done. People sort of think it's an interesting, passionate, and igniting feeling —- I don't think it's any of that —- it's helpless ... it's absence of control — - and I need all of my skills, all of the control, all of my powers ... and anger doesn't provide any of that —- I have no use for it whatsoever. TONI MORRISON, interview with Don Swaim, 1987
The Mid-Autumn Festival
恭 贺 中 秋
Nobel Lecture, 1993
“Tell us what it is to be a woman so that we may know what it is to be a man. What moves at the margin. What it is to have no home in this place. To be set adrift from the one you knew. What it is to live at the edge of towns that cannot bear your company. “ We die. That may be the meaning of life. But we do language. That may be the measure of our lives. “A dead language is not only one no longer spoken or written, it is unyielding language content to admire its own paralysis. Like statist language, censored and censoring. Ruthless in its policing duties, it has no desire or purpose other than maintaining the free range of its own narcotic narcissism, its own exclusivity and dominance. However moribund, it is not without effect for it actively thwarts the intellect, stalls conscience, suppresses human potential. Unreceptive to interrogation, it cannot form or tolerate new ideas, shape other thoughts, tell another story, fill baffling silences.”