java实验报告

信息工程学院Java语言课内实习报告（2013～2014学年第二学期）实习题目：Swing姓名：学号：专业：年级班级：一、实习目的使用Java做图形界面啦，了解图形用户界面基本组件的使用，布局管理器如何对组件进行管理以及事件处理机制的应用。

二、实习设计过程任务一：小小界面设计请设计一个界面，包括：菜单，文本框，按钮，标签，文本区，选择框，单选按钮和下拉列表。

任务二: 计算器（1）编写一个计算器的程序，主界面由多个按钮组建、文本框组建构成。

运行结果如图所示：任务三:算数测试编写一个算术测试小软件，用来训练小学生的算术能力。

程序由3个类组成，其中Teacher类对象负责给出算术题目，并判断回答者的答案是否正确：ComputerFrame类对象提供的GUI界面看到题目并通过该GUI界面给出题目的答案；MailClass是主类。

任务四:日历该窗口为BorderLayout布局。

窗口的中心添加一个Panel容器：pCenter，pCenter的布局是7行7列的GridLayout布局，pCenter 的中放置49个标签，用来显示日历。

窗口北面添加一个Panel容器pNorth，其布局是FlowLayout布局，pNorth放置两个按钮：nextMonth和previousMonth按钮，单击nextMonth,可以显示当前月的下一个月的日历；单击previousMonth按钮，可以显示当前月的上一个月的日历。

窗口的南面添加一个Panel容器pSouth，其布局是FlowLayout布局，pSouth中请完成界面设计和相关功能。

三、调试过程中存在问题分析布局过程中运行出来的图片效果不是自己设计的那样，有的文字被隐藏，重新调整文本框大小就弄好了。

四、心得、体会与建议这次实习过程中，感觉最有难度的是算数测试题目的设计，要判定结果是否正确。

总体做起来还是很简单的。

附录：题目1代码：import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.*;public class MyTu {private JFrame frame;private JTextField textField;private JTextField textField_1;/*** Launch the application.*/public static void main(String[] args) {EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {public void run() {try {MyTu window = new MyTu();window.frame.setVisible(true);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}});}/*** Create the application.*/public MyTu() {initialize(null);}/*** Initialize the contents of the frame.* @param menuBar*/@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })private void initialize(JMenuBar menuBar) {frame = new JFrame();frame.setTitle("\u6211\u81EA\u5DF1\u7684\u5C0F\u5C0F\u754C\u9762");frame.setBounds(100, 100, 450, 300);frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);menuBar = new JMenuBar();frame.setJMenuBar(menuBar);JMenu mnNewMenu = new JMenu("\u6587\u4EF6");mnNewMenu.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN, 14));mnNewMenu.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);menuBar.add(mnNewMenu);JMenuItem mntmNewMenuItem = new JMenuItem("\u65B0\u5EFA");mntmNewMenuItem.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT);mnNewMenu.add(mntmNewMenuItem);JMenuItem menuItem = new JMenuItem("\u6253\u5F00");menuItem.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT);mnNewMenu.add(menuItem);JMenuItem menuItem_1 = new JMenuItem("\u5173\u95ED");menuItem_1.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT); mnNewMenu.add(menuItem_1);JMenu mnNewMenu_1 = new JMenu("\u7F16\u8F91"); mnNewMenu_1.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN, 14)); mnNewMenu_1.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER); menuBar.add(mnNewMenu_1);JMenuItem menuItem_2 = new JMenuItem("\u67E5\u627E"); menuItem_2.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT); mnNewMenu_1.add(menuItem_2);JMenuItem menuItem_3 = new JMenuItem("\u66FF\u6362"); menuItem_3.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT); mnNewMenu_1.add(menuItem_3);JMenuItem menuItem_4 = new JMenuItem("\u5B9A\u4F4D"); menuItem_4.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT); mnNewMenu_1.add(menuItem_4);JMenu menu = new JMenu("\u683C\u5F0F");menu.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);menu.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN, 14));menuBar.add(menu);JMenuItem menuItem_5 = new JMenuItem("\u6BB5\u843D"); menu.add(menuItem_5);JMenuItem menuItem_6 = new JMenuItem("\u5B57\u4F53"); menu.add(menuItem_6);frame.getContentPane().setLayout(null);textField = new JT extField();textField.setBounds(91, 38, 122, 21);frame.getContentPane().add(textField);textField.setColumns(10);JLabel label = new JLabel("\u7528\u6237\u540D");label.setBounds(23, 38, 58, 21);frame.getContentPane().add(label);JLabel label_1 = new JLabel("\u5BC6\u7801");label_1.setBounds(23, 72, 41, 15);frame.getContentPane().add(label_1);textField_1 = new JTextField();textField_1.setBounds(91, 69, 122, 21);frame.getContentPane().add(textField_1);textField_1.setColumns(10);JLabel label_2 = new JLabel("\u6027\u522B");label_2.setBounds(23, 107, 54, 15);frame.getContentPane().add(label_2);JRadioButton RadioButton2 = new JRadioButton("\u7537"); RadioButton2.setBounds(84, 103, 54, 23);frame.getContentPane().add(RadioButton2);JRadioButton RadioButton1 = new JRadioButton("\u5973"); RadioButton1.setBounds(157, 103, 54, 23);frame.getContentPane().add(RadioButton1);ButtonGroup select=new ButtonGroup();select.add(RadioButton1);select.add(RadioButton2);JLabel label_3 = new JLabel("\u6BD4\u8D5B\u7C7B\u578B"); label_3.setBounds(23, 147, 75, 21);frame.getContentPane().add(label_3);JCheckBox checkBox = new JCheckBox("\u4E13\u4E1A\u7EC4");checkBox.setBounds(84, 146, 66, 23);frame.getContentPane().add(checkBox);JCheckBox checkBox_1 = new JCheckBox("\u4E1A\u4F59\u7EC4");checkBox_1.setBounds(157, 146, 103, 23);frame.getContentPane().add(checkBox_1);JButton button = new JButton("\u767B\u9646");button.setBounds(38, 210, 93, 23);frame.getContentPane().add(button);JButton button_1 = new JButton("\u53D6\u6D88");button_1.setBounds(182, 210, 93, 23);frame.getContentPane().add(button_1);JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea();textArea.setT ext("\u62A5\u540D\u7684\u76EE\u7684\u662F\uFF1A");textArea.setBounds(266, 58, 160, 144);frame.getContentPane().add(textArea);JComboBox comboBox = new JComboBox();comboBox.setBounds(265, 27, 103, 21);comboBox.addItem("比赛");comboBox.addItem("报名");frame.getContentPane().add(comboBox);JLabel label_4 = new JLabel("\u62A5\u540D\u76EE\u7684");label_4.setBounds(266, 10, 54, 15);frame.getContentPane().add(label_4);}}题目2代码：import java.awt.EventQueue;public class MyTuTwo {private JFrame frame;private JTextField textField;/*** Launch the application.*/public static void main(String[] args) { EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {public void run() {try {MyTuTwo window = new MyTuTwo();window.frame.setVisible(true);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}});}/*** Create the application.*/public MyTuTwo() {initialize();}/*** Initialize the contents of the frame.*/private void initialize() {frame = new JFrame();frame.setTitle("\u7B80\u6613\u8BA1\u7B97\u5668");frame.getContentPane().setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); frame.setBounds(100, 100, 450, 300);frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);frame.getContentPane().setLayout(null);JPanel panel_1 = new JPanel();panel_1.setBounds(20, 66, 404, 37);frame.getContentPane().add(panel_1);panel_1.setLayout(null);JButton btnNewButton_23 = new JButton("Back");btnNewButton_23.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); btnNewButton_23.setBounds(0, 0, 96, 33);panel_1.add(btnNewButton_23);JButton btnNewButton_22 = new JButton("CE");btnNewButton_22.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); btnNewButton_22.setBounds(100, 0, 96, 33);panel_1.add(btnNewButton_22);JButton btnNewButton_21 = new JButton("C");btnNewButton_21.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); btnNewButton_21.setBounds(225, 0, 86, 33);panel_1.add(btnNewButton_21);JButton btnNewButton_20 = new JButton("About");btnNewButton_20.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); btnNewButton_20.setBounds(316, 0, 88, 33);panel_1.add(btnNewButton_20);JPanel panel_2 = new JPanel();panel_2.setBounds(20, 113, 195, 139);frame.getContentPane().add(panel_2);panel_2.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 3, 4, 4));JButton btnNewButton_1 = new JButton("9");btnNewButton_1.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15));panel_2.add(btnNewButton_1);JButton btnNewButton_3 = new JButton("8");btnNewButton_3.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); panel_2.add(btnNewButton_3);JButton btnNewButton_6 = new JButton("7");btnNewButton_6.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); panel_2.add(btnNewButton_6);JButton btnNewButton_4 = new JButton("6");btnNewButton_4.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); panel_2.add(btnNewButton_4);JButton btnNewButton_5 = new JButton("5");btnNewButton_5.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); panel_2.add(btnNewButton_5);JButton btnNewButton_2 = new JButton("4");btnNewButton_2.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); panel_2.add(btnNewButton_2);JButton btnNewButton = new JButton("3");btnNewButton.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); panel_2.add(btnNewButton);JButton btnNewButton_9 = new JButton("2");btnNewButton_9.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); panel_2.add(btnNewButton_9);JButton btnNewButton_7 = new JButton("1");btnNewButton_7.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); panel_2.add(btnNewButton_7);JButton btnNewButton_8 = new JButton("0");btnNewButton_8.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); panel_2.add(btnNewButton_8);JButton btnNewButton_10 = new JButton("+/-");btnNewButton_10.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); panel_2.add(btnNewButton_10);JButton btnNewButton_11 = new JButton(".");btnNewButton_11.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); panel_2.add(btnNewButton_11);JPanel panel_3 = new JPanel();panel_3.setBounds(245, 115, 179, 137);frame.getContentPane().add(panel_3);panel_3.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 2, 4, 4));JButton btnNewButton_13 = new JButton("/");btnNewButton_13.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); panel_3.add(btnNewButton_13);JButton btnNewButton_14 = new JButton("sqrt"); btnNewButton_14.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); panel_3.add(btnNewButton_14);JButton btnNewButton_16 = new JButton("*");btnNewButton_16.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); panel_3.add(btnNewButton_16);JButton btnNewButton_15 = new JButton("%");btnNewButton_15.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15)); panel_3.add(btnNewButton_15);JButton btnNewButton_18 = new JButton("-");btnNewButton_18.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15));panel_3.add(btnNewButton_18);JButton btnNewButton_12 = new JButton("1/x");btnNewButton_12.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15));panel_3.add(btnNewButton_12);JButton btnNewButton_17 = new JButton("+");btnNewButton_17.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15));panel_3.add(btnNewButton_17);JButton btnNewButton_19 = new JButton("=");btnNewButton_19.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, 15));panel_3.add(btnNewButton_19);JPanel panel = new JPanel();panel.setBounds(20, 10, 404, 30);frame.getContentPane().add(panel);panel.setLayout(null);textField = new JTextField();textField.setBounds(0, 0, 404, 30);panel.add(textField);textField.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.RIGHT);textField.setText("0");textField.setEditable(false);textField.setColumns(10);}}题目3代码：import java.awt.*;public class ComputerJFrame extends JFrame implements ActionListener{JTextField textOne,textTwo,textResult;JButton getProblem,giveAnswer;JLabel operatorLabel,message;Teacher teacher;ComputerJFrame(String s){super(s);teacher = new Teacher();textOne=new JTextField(10);textOne.setBounds(111, 6, 66, 21);textTwo=new JTextField(10);textTwo.setBounds(215, 6, 66, 21);textResult=new JT extField(10);textResult.setBounds(307, 6, 66, 21);operatorLabel =new JLabel("+");operatorLabel.setBounds(187, 9, 18, 15);message = new JLabel("你还没有回答呢");message.setBounds(220, 37, 108, 15);getProblem = new JButton("获取题目");getProblem.setBounds(10, 5, 91, 23);giveAnswer = new JButton("确认答案");giveAnswer.setBounds(103, 33, 101, 23);getContentPane().setLayout(null);getContentPane().setLayout(null);getContentPane().setLayout(null);getContentPane().setLayout(null);getContentPane().add(getProblem);getContentPane().add(textOne);getContentPane().add(operatorLabel);getContentPane().add(textTwo);Label label = new Label("=");label.setBounds(290, 5, 21, 23);getContentPane().add(label);getContentPane().add(textResult);getContentPane().add(giveAnswer);getContentPane().add(message);//添加若干组件到窗口textResult.requestFocus();//textResult 获得焦点textOne.setEditable(false);textTwo.setEditable(false);//textOne设置textOne和textTwo不可编辑getProblem.addActionListener(this);//将当前窗口注册为getProblem的ActionEvent事件监视器giveAnswer.addActionListener(this);//将当前窗口注册为giveAnwser的ActionEvent事件监视器textResult.addActionListener(this);//将当前窗口注册为textResult的ActionEvent事件监视器setBounds(100, 100, 432, 100);setLocationRelativeTo(null);//设置窗体居中显示setVisible(true);//窗口的可见性设置validate();addWindowFocusListener(new WindowAdapter(){public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){System.exit(0);}});}public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){if(e.getSource()==getProblem)//如果点击了“获取题目”{int number1 = teacher.giveNumberOne(100);//获取第一个操作数的值int number2 = teacher.giveNumberTwo(100);//获取第二个操作数的值String operator = teacher.giveOperator();//获取运算符textOne.setText(""+number1);//设置文本框参数字符串指定文本textTwo.setText(""+number2);operatorLabel.setText(operator);message.setText("请回答");textResult.setText(null);//设置图形界面上文本框以及标签的文本，包括：textOne,textTwo,textResult，operatorLabel,message}if(e.getSource()==giveAnswer)//如果点击了“确认答案”{String answer = textResult.getText();//获取文本框中输入的答案try{int result = Integer.parseInt(answer);if(teacher.getRight(result)==true){message.setText("回答正确");}else{message.setText("回答错误");}//如果答案正确，message显示“你回答正确”，如果不正确，显示“你回答错误”}catch(NumberFormatException ex){message.setText("请输入数字字符");//如果输入的不是数字，显示“请输入数字字符”}}textResult.requestFocus();//textResult 获得焦点validate();}}题目4代码：import java.awt.EventQueue;public class Calendar {private JFrame frame;private JLabel lblNewLabel_1;private JLabel[] labelDay= new JLabel[42];private JButton button_1;private JButton button_2;private JButton button_3;private JButton button_4;private JButton button_5;private JButton button_6;private JButton button_7;/*** Launch the application.*/public static void main(String[] args) {EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {public void run() {try {Calendar window = new Calendar();window.frame.setVisible(true);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}});}/*** Create the application.*/public Calendar() {initialize();}/*** Initialize the contents of the frame.*/private void initialize() {frame = new JFrame();frame.setTitle("简易日历");frame.setBounds(100, 100, 348, 260);frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);frame.getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout(0, 0));JPanel pNorth = new JPanel();pNorth.setBackground(Color.WHITE);FlowLayout fl_pNorth = (FlowLayout) pNorth.getLayout();fl_pNorth.setHgap(10);frame.getContentPane().add(pNorth, BorderLayout.NORTH);JPanel pSouth = new JPanel();pSouth.setBackground(Color.WHITE);frame.getContentPane().add(pSouth, BorderLayout.SOUTH);Date date=new Date();SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM");String s=formatter.format(date);String[] dateArr = s.split("-");final String year=dateArr[0]; //年final String month=dateArr[1]; //月//int m=Integer.parseInt(month);final int y=Integer.parseInt(year);final JLabel message = new JLabel("日历："+y+"年"+month+"月");String[] str = message.getText().split("年");final String[] st=str[1].split("月");pSouth.add(message);JPanel pCenter = new JPanel();pCenter.setBackground(Color.WHITE);pCenter.setBorder(null);frame.getContentPane().add(pCenter, BorderLayout.CENTER);pCenter.setLayout(new GridLayout(7, 7, 0, 0));button_7 = new JButton("日");pCenter.add(button_7);button_1 = new JButton("一");pCenter.add(button_1);button_2 = new JButton("二");pCenter.add(button_2);button_3 = new JButton("三");pCenter.add(button_3);button_4 = new JButton("四");pCenter.add(button_4);button_5 = new JButton("五");pCenter.add(button_5);button_6 = new JButton("六");pCenter.add(button_6);for(int i=0;i<42;i++){labelDay[i] = new JLabel("",JLabel.CENTER);labelDay[i].setBackground(Color.WHITE);labelDay[i].setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN, 15));labelDay[i].setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);pCenter.add(labelDay[i]);}int j=1;for(int i=0;i<30;i++){labelDay[i].setText(""+(j++));}JButton previousMonth = new JButton("上月");previousMonth.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {String[] str = message.getText().split("年");String[] st=str[1].split("月");int m=Integer.parseInt(st[0]);m=m-1;if(m==0){m=12;}message.setText("日历："+y+"年"+m+"月");int j=1;if(m==5){for(int k=0;k<5;k++){labelDay[k].setT ext("");}for(int i=4;i<35;i++){labelDay[i].setText(""+(j++));}}else if(m==6){for(int i=0;i<30;i++){labelDay[i].setText(""+(j++));for(int q=30;q<42;q++){labelDay[q].setText("");}}}}});pNorth.add(previousMonth);JButton nextMonth = new JButton("下月");nextMonth.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {String[] str = message.getText().split("年");String[] st=str[1].split("月");int m=Integer.parseInt(st[0]);m=m+1;if(m==13){m=1;}message.setText("日历："+y+"年"+m+"月");int j=1;if(m==7){for(int i=2;i<33;i++){labelDay[0].setText("");labelDay[1].setText("");labelDay[i].setText(""+(j++));for(int w=33;w<42;w++){labelDay[w].setText("");}}}else if(m==6){for(int i=0;i<30;i++){labelDay[i].setText(""+(j++));}for(int q=30;q<42;q++){labelDay[q].setText("");}}}});pNorth.add(nextMonth);}}。