(教师版)英语四六级翻译

1. 中国书法是一种古老的中国书写艺术。

任何关于中国文化的出版物都不会不提及汉字和中国书法。

对于外国人来说，学汉字难，学中国书法更难。

文房四宝指的是笔、墨、纸、砚。

我们的祖先极其崇尚读书写字。

这体现在中国的不少谚语中，如“读书破万卷，下笔如有神”，“腹有诗书气自华”，还有“读书千遍其义自见”。

汉语中还有上千种方式描述书法作品，如“龙飞凤舞”，“圆润流畅”，“清和淡雅”等，不乏溢美之词。

中国书法是一种神圣的艺术，一个珍贵的礼物。

Chinese calligraphy is an ancient art of Chinese handwriting. No publication on Chinese culture would ever omit mention of Chinese characters and calligraphy. For foreigners, Chinese characters are hard to master, and calligraphy is even more difficult. The Four Treasures of Study(文房四宝) refer to the four writing tools: 笔writing brush, 墨ink stick, 纸rice paper and 砚ink slab. Chinese forefathers held reading and writing in high esteem. This is echoed in several sayings in China. They include 读书破万卷，下笔如有神---If you read ten thousand books, you will write articles as excellent as if with help from the God; 腹有诗书气自华---Reading makes a person graceful; and 读书千遍其义自见---After reading a book a thousand times the meaning reveals itself. In China, there are thousands of ways to describe calligraphic works, such as 龙飞凤舞lively and vigorous, 圆润流畅smooth and fluent, and 清和淡雅gentle and graceful. There is no lack of Chinese expressions complimenting such works. Chinese calligraphy is a sacred art, and can be a treasured gift.
2、长城是人类创造的世界奇迹之一。

如果你到了中国却没去过长城，就像到了巴黎没有去看看菲尔铁塔，或者就像到了埃及没有去看金字塔一样。

人们常说：“不到长城非好汉。

”实际上，长城最初只是一些断断续续的城墙，直到秦朝统一中国后才将其连城长城。

然而，今天我们看到的长城——东起山海关，西至嘉峪关——大部分都是在明代修建的。

The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world created by human beings! If you come to China without climbing the Great Wall, it's just like going to Paris without visiting the Eiffel Tower; or going to Egypt without visiting the Pyramids! People often say, "He who fails to reach the Great Wall is not a true man." In fact, it began as independent walls for different states when it was first built, and did not become the "Great Wall" until the Qin Dynasty. However, the wall we see today, starting from Shanhaiguan Pass in the east to Jiayunguan Pass in the west, was mostly built during the Ming Dynasty.
3、改革开放30 年来，随着中国逐渐崛起成为政治经济强国，海外人士学习汉语的现象与日俱增，海外孔子学院也成了人们学习中国语言和中国文化的首选之地。

// 通过学习汉语，他们对这个和自己文化大相径庭的古老文明产生了浓厚的兴趣，而且有机会了解中国的哲学、艺术、医学、饮食文化，亲身体验这个文明古国的风采。

// 作为第二文化，中国文化也丰富了他们的生活和世界观。

可以说，这个潮流方兴未艾。

越来越多的学习汉语的美国人除了对中国菜肴赞不绝口之外，也在尝试针灸，草药和武术。

//他们也看功夫电影，学习东方时装潮流和手工艺，不知不觉的在日常生活中谈及中国的点心，人参、银杏，乌龙茶等。

目前在美国最热门的中国文化是道家学说和有着神秘色彩的风水学。

As China is rising as a political and economic world power, thanks to its three-decade reform and opening up, more and more people in overseas countries start to learn Chinese and turn to a Confucius Institute in their own countries as their first choice in learning Chinese language and Chinese culture.// During the learning process, the learners develop their interest in this ancient land, whose civilization is so vastly different from theirs. And the learners have opportunities to learn about Chinese philosophy, art, architecture, medicine and catering culture and experience first-hand the splendors of this venerable civilization.// As the second culture, Chinese culture has enriched the life and world outlook of the learners. This trend, so to speak, is gathering momentum and is there to stay. Apart from their love for Chinese cuisine, more and more American learners of Chinese language are turning to Chinese acupuncture, herbal medicines and martial arts.// They are also interested in Kongfu films, fashions and crafts. Seemingly outlandish words such as dim sum, ginseng, gingko, oolong cha have crept into their everyday language. The latest Chinese cultural icons to make its impact there are Taoism, an ancient school of thought, and fengshui, an ancient art of placement.//
4、对龙图腾的崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年。

中国龙是古人将鱼、蛇、马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而成的一种神物。

中国龙的形成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步。

在中国人的心目中，龙具有振奋腾飞、开拓变化的寓意和团结凝聚的精神。

Dragon totem worship in China has been around for the last 8,000 years. The ancients in China considered the dragon (or loong) a fetish that combines animals including the fish, snake, horse and ox with cloud, thunder, lightning and other natural celestial phenomena. The Chinese dragon was formed in accordance with the multicultural fusion process of the Chinese nation. To the Chinese, the dragon signifies innovation and cohesion.
5、狮舞（Lion Dance）是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈之一。

狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被视为是能带来好运的吉祥物（mascot）。

古人将狮子视作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保护人类。

据记载，狮舞已拥有了2,000多年的历史。

在唐代（the Tang Dynasty），狮舞就已经被引入了皇室。

因此，舞狮成为元宵节（the Lantern Festival）和其他节日的习俗，人们以此来祈祷好运、平安和幸福。

The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China. The lion is the king of animals. In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck. Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans. The dance has a recorded history of more than 2,000 years. During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty. Therefore, performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness. 6、针灸是中医学的重要组成部分。

按照中医的经络理论，针灸疗法主要是通过疏通经络、调和气血，来达到阴阳归于平衡，使脏腑趋于调和之目的。

其特点是“内病外治”。

针灸以其独特的优势，流传至今并传播到了世界，与中餐、功夫、中药一起被海外誉为中国的“新四大国粹”。

Acupuncture is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In accordance with the “main and collateral channels” theory in TCM, the purpose of acupuncture is to dredge the channel and regulate qi and blood, so as to keep the body’s yin and yang balanced and achieve reconciliati on between the internal organs. It features in traditional Chinese medicine that “internal diseases are to be treated with external therapy”. With its unique advantages, acupuncture has been handed down generation after generation and has now spread all over the world. Nowadays, acupuncture, along with Chinese food, kung fu (otherwise known as Chinese martial arts), and traditional Chinese medicine, has been internationally hailed as one of the “four new national treasures.”
7、中国功夫即中国武术，是将技击寓于搏斗和套路运动之中的中国传统体育项目，承载着丰富的中国民族传统文化。

其核心思想是儒家的中和养气之说，同时兼容了道家、释家的思想。

中国武术源远流长、流派林立、拳种繁多，讲究刚柔并济、内外兼修，蕴含着先哲们对生命和宇宙的参悟。

Chinese kung fu, or Chinese martial arts, carries traditional Chinese culture in abundance. It is a traditional Chinese sport which applies the art of attack and defense in combat. The core idea of Chinese king fu is derived from the Confucian theory of both “the mean and harmony” and “cultivating qi” (otherwise known as nourishing one’s spirit). Meanwhile, it also includes thoughts of Taoism and Buddhism. C hinese kung fu has a long history, with multi-various sects and many different boxing styles, and emphasizes coupling hardness with softness and internal and external training. It contains the ancient great thinkers’ ponder ing of life and the universe.
8、汉字是从原始人用以记事的简单图画，经过不断演变发展最终成为一种兼具音、形、意韵的独特文字。

现存中国古代最早成熟的文字是甲骨文，被认为是现代汉字的初形。

此后，汉字又经历了金文、隶书、楷书、草书、行书等不同的阶段。

汉字结构“外圆内方”，源于古人“天圆地方”的观念。

汉字有五种基本笔画，即：横、竖、撇、捺、折。

Chinese characters were initially meant to be simple pictures used to help people remember things. After a long period of development, it finally became a unique character system that embodies phonetic sound, image, idea, and rhyme at the same time. The writing system, which was extremely advanced in ancient times, began with inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells, and these are regarded as the original forms of Chinese characters. Afterwards, Chinese characters went through numerous calligraphic styles: bronze inscriptions, official script, regular script, cursive script, running script, etc. Chinese characters are usually round outside and square inside, which is rooted in ancient Chinese beliefs of an orbicular sky and a rectangular Earth. The five basic strokes of Chinese characters are “---”(the horizontal stroke) “│” (the
vertical stroke), “／”( th e left-falling stroke), “＼” (the right-falling stroke), and “乙” (the turning stroke). 9、中国成语是汉语中意义完整的表示一般概念的固定词组或短语。

“成语”中的“成”既是约定俗成。

成语是比词大而语法功能又相当于词的语言单位。

绝大多数的中国成语由四个汉字组成，例如：自强不息、青出于蓝、厚积薄发。

成语主要从民间谚语、古代文学作品、诗歌、寓言、典故、名言警句等方面提炼而成，是汉语语言中精炼而又富有生命力的一部分。

Chinese idioms refer to comprehensive and integrated fixed phrases and expressions. Idioms are established and accepted by constant usage and common practice. An idiom is a language unit that is larger than a word, but has the same grammatical function as a word. Most Chinese idioms consist of four characters. For example, ziqiangbuxi (make unremitting efforts to improve oneself), qingchuyulan(bluer than indigo), and houjibofa (success comes with time and effort). Idioms are extracted from folk proverbs, ancient works of literature, poems, fables, allusions, and well-known sayings. Idioms are a part of the Chinese language that are concise and have great vitality.
10、中医(Traditional Chinese Medicine)是中华文化不可分割的一部分，为振兴华夏做出了巨大的贡献。

如今，中医和西医(western medicine)在中国的医疗保健领域并驾齐驱。

中医以其独特的诊断手法、系统的治疗方式和丰富的典籍材料，备受世界瞩目。

在定义上，中医是指导中国传统医药理论和实践的一种医学，它包括中医疗法、中草药(herbalogy)、针灸(acupuncture )、推拿(massage)和气功(Qigong)。

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an integral part of Chinese culture. It has made great contributions to the prosperity of China. Today both TCM and western medicine are being used in providing medical and health services in China. TCM, with its unique diagnostic methods, systematic approach, abundant historical literature and materials, has attracted a lot of attention from the international community. TCM is defined as a medical science governing the theory and practice of traditional Chinese medicine. It includes Chinese medication, herbalogy, acupuncture, massage and Qigong.
11、中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日，在中国也被称为春节。

新年的庆祝活动从除夕开始一直延续到元宵节(the Lantern Festival)，即从农历(lunar calendar)最后一个月的最后一天至新年第一个月的第十五天。

各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异，但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭。

为驱厄运、迎好运，家家户户都会进行大扫除。

人们还会在门上粘贴红色的对联(couplets)，对联的主题为健康、发财和好运。

其他的活动还有放鞭炮、发红包和探亲访友等。

Chinese New Year is the most important traditional Chinese holiday. In China, it is also known as the Spring Festival. New Year celebrations run from Chinese New Year’s Eve, the last day of the last month of the lunar calendar, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month. Customs and traditions concerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place. However, New Year’s Eve is usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather for the annual reunion dinner. It is also traditional for every family to thoroughly clean the house in order to sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck. And doors will be decorated with red couplets with themes of health, wealth and good luck. Other activities include lighting firecrackers, giving money in red envelopes, and visiting relatives and friends.
12、要了解中国文化，就应该对中国的戏曲文化有所了解。

中国地方戏种类很多，其中京剧是一个具有代表性的剧种。

作为一个独立的剧种，京剧的诞生大约是在1840年至I860年。

京剧是在吸收其他地方戏营养的基础上形成的。

京剧有明确的角色分工;在念白上用北京方言;在音乐上以胡琴为主要伴奏乐器。

由于京剧是在融合各种地方戏之精华的基础上形成的，所以它不仅为北京的观众所钟爱，也受到全国人民的喜爱。

To understand the Chinese culture, you have to know something about the Chinese opera culture. In China, there are many kinds of local operas, among which Peking Opera is a representative one. As an independent opera form, Peking Opera was approximately born between 1840 and I860. Peking opera originated from absorbing the essentials of other local operas. In Peking Opera there is a clear division of roles; the spoken parts are in Beijing dialect; and huqin is the main accompaniment instrument. Since Peking Opera has combined the cream of various local operas, it is enjoyed not only by Beijing audience, but also by people all over the country.。