高二上英语选修六 Unit1 虚拟语气

在 if 条件句中的用法
虚拟语气表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、 等，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实, 而是与真实的情况相反或不可能实现。
If my mother were a superman, I would be a super superman.
观察归纳1: 归纳虚拟语气在条件句中的用法。 If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would (could/ might) have met Jay Chou.
陈述语气
(2) He telephoned to tell me of your birthday,
or I would have known nothing about it.
If I _w_e_r_e___ (be) you, Iw_o_u_l_d_h_a_v_e_t_a_k_en (take) his advice yesterday.
If
从句----现在/主句---- 过去
1. If I _w_e__re_ (be) you, I w__o_u_ld__h_a_v_e_t_a_ken(take) his advice yesterday.
虚拟条件句(if)
与将来 1. did 事实相反 2. were to do
3. should do

主句
would/should/could/ might do
如果上天能够给我一个 再来一次的机会，我会 对那个女孩说三个字： 我爱你。如果非要在这 份爱上加上一个期限， 我希望是……一万年！
If the Gods_h_o_u_ld_/_w_e_r_e_t_o_g_i_v_e_/_g_a_ve(give) me another chance, I _w_o_u_l_d_t_e_ll__(tell) the girl three words:” I love you! “If our love had to be set a time limit, I wish it w__o_u_ld__b_e (be) 10,000 years!
last night.
从句：现在 主句：过去
2. If he were to leave, you would have heard
about it.
从句：将来 主句：过去
3. If you hesitated this moment, you might suffer in
the future.
从句：现在 主句：将来
If条件句中的虚拟语气
虚拟条件句(if) 与现在 事实相反 did/were
虚拟条件句(if) 与过去 事实相反 had done
虚拟条件句(if) 与将来 1. did 事实相反 2. were to do
3. should do
主句 would/should/could/ might do
主句
without, but for+名词/句子(要不是);
or, or else, otherwise+句子(否则...)
1.与过去事实相反：would/could/should/might have done 2.与现在、将来相反：would/could/should/might do
(1) But for his help, we ___w_o_u__ld__h_a_ve failed. (fail).
二. if虚拟条件句中的省略倒装 ① If I were at school again, I would study
harder. Were I at school again, I would study...
② If I had taken the doctor's advice, I would have recovered. Had I taken... , I would have recovered.
____ _________entered the Fengcheng No. 9 high school, I would not sit here now.
3. If we should visit Zhejiang University tomorrow, I would play basketball there. ____ _____ visit Zhejiang University tomorrow, I would play basketball there.
与过去事实相反，if从句用_h_ad__d_o_n_e(时态)，
主句用_w_o_u_l_d_/s_hould/could/ _______m_i_g_h_t _h_a_v_e _d_o_n_e________________
虚拟条件句(if)
主句
与过去 事实相反 had done
would/should/could/ might have done
___________________________________
虚拟条件句(if)
主句
与现在 事实相反 did/were
would/should/could/ might do
在虚拟语气从句中, be的过去时常用were,
If the little boy _w__e_r_e__ (be) a driver and __k_n_e_w__ (know) how to drive, he __w__o_u_l_d_d_r_i_v_e(drive) the new car
4. If he hadn't spent more time practising speaking English before, he would be (be) able to speak it much better now.
含蓄的虚拟语气
有时假设的条件并不直接通过条件从句表现出来， 而是 用一些词或短语,如:
1.If I were a teacher, I would have lots of students.
_____ ______ a teacher, I would have lots of students.
2. If I hadn't entered the Fengcheng No. 9 high school, I would not sit here now.
观察归纳2: 归纳虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法。
1.If he had time now, he would (could/ might) go with you.
2. If I were a bird, I could fly. 与现在事实相反，if从句用_过__去__式__(时态)，
主句用__w_o_u__ld_ /could/ might/should+do
would/should/could/ might have done
主句
would/should/could/ might do
If Iw_e_r_e(be) Yao Min,
I ____(become) a famous basketball ,too.
could become
If Ih_a_dn’_t_g_on_e_(not go) in a hurry yesterday, Ic_ou_l_d_n_’t have f_o_rg_otten (not forget) my keys.
Self-examination ---My last exam
If I had listened to the teachers carefully, If I had worked harder, If I had done more exercises, If I had been more careful, If I hadn’t been so lazy, If I hadn’t stayed up late the night before, If I hadn’t been so nervous, If I had done better, … I would have got a good grade.
If my mother is free tomorrow, she will bring me out.
真实条件句 --- 陈述语气---时态：主将从现
If my mother were a superman, I would be a super superman.
非真实条件句 --- 虚拟语气--- 时态：？？
Subjunctive Mood
英语中动词有三种语气:
1. 陈述语气 1. I am an English teacher.
2.祈使语气 2. Don’t write in your book.
3.虚拟语气 If I were a boy even just for a day，I would roll out of the bed in the morning.
away.
观察归纳3: 归纳虚拟语气在条件句中的用法。 If you should marry Wang Sicong in the future, you should donate money to our school.
与将来事实相反，if从句用__1_._d_i_d_(时态)， 主句用_w_o_u_l_d_/s_hould/could/ 2. were to do _______m_i_g_h_t_d_o_____________3_. _sh_o_u_l_d_d_o_
【Tips:】
从句----过去/ 主句---- 现在
①注意：时间状语
②采用 “各归各” 原则
If条件句中的虚拟语气
虚拟条件句(if) 与现在 事实相反 did/were
虚拟条件句(if) 与过去 事实相反 had done
虚拟条件句(if) 与将来 1. did 事实相反 2. were to do
③ If it should rain on Friday, what should we do? Should it rain on Friday, what should...
虚拟条件句的省略: 虚拟条件句中有 were/ had/ should 时, 可把 If 省略, 而把were/ had/ should 提到主语前。
3. should do
主句 would/should/could/ might do
主句
would/should/could/ might have done
主句
would/should/could/ might do
1. If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the film
(2) I don't know the news, or I _w__o_u_l_d_t_e_l_l._(tell) you.
含蓄条件句
陈述语气
虚拟语气
(1) I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.（副词）
2. If we had caught(catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.
3. If we had booked(book) a table earlier, we wouldn't be standing here in a queue.
三.错综时间虚拟语气（主从句的时间不一致）
1.If you h__a_d_f_o_ll_o_w_e_d_(follow) the doctor’s advice, youw__o_u_ld__h_a_v_e_b__e_e_n(be) right then.
从句---- 过去/ 主句----过去
2.If you h__a_d_f_o_ll_o_w_e_d_(follow) the doctor’s advice, you _w_o_u_l_d__b_e_(be) right now.