英语教学法 PPT
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• Look at a set of pictures and decide what should be done
• Responsing to a party invitation • Completing a banking application • Describing a photograph of one's family
7
Exercises,exercise-tasks and tasks
• When students are carrying out a task ,they are focusing on the complete act of communication .Sometimes,however ,we may wish their attention on individual aspects of language,such as vocabulary,grammar or individual skills.We can call these activities exercises.
• 适用于我国英语教学现状的“任务型”教
学法任务是可称之为“中间型”教学任务
（intermediate position）.这是一种即重视
任务的自然性（naturalness of tasks）和真
实性，也强调任务方法的选择，照顾到语
言形式联系的教学模式。
15
“真任务”判别的特征
• Authenticity 真实性 • Phatic 交际性 • Life-nature 生活性 • Enjoyment 趣味性
11
The real and unreal tasks in TBLT
• P:Where's the pen ?
• R:It's on the chair .
• P:Where's the chair ?
• R:It's next to the table.
• Question-and-answer activities based on the classroom situation requires the learners to relate language to nonlinguistic reality.Now these techniques are regarded as artificial and lack of any relationship.
8
• Another kind of activity ,which is very common in Communicative Language Teaching ,comes halfway between tasks and exercises .This kind of activity consists of contextualised practise of language items .
16
An example in TBLT
• 语言结构：This is ... • 语言功能：指定与介绍（indentification
and introduction） • ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu.学生模拟产品讲解员（或商店售货员）向
顾客介绍产品（或商品）简单描述用途：
• This is a thermometer.It is used to measure temperetures.
• Tasks are activities where the target language is used by the learner for a communicative purpose in order to achieve an outcome.Willis said.
4
Four components of a task
Teaching approaches Task-based
Language Teaching
1
Classification
• Grammar-translation approach 语法翻译法 • Audio-lingual approach 听说法 • The communicative approach 交际法 • The community language teaching
• A purpose目的 • A context语境 • A process过程 • A product输出
5
Six components of tasks
• goals • input • activities • teacher role • learner role • setting
6
Goal:Exchanging personal information
•Input:Questionnaire on sleeping habits •Activity:1)Reading questionnaire 2)Asking and answering questions about sleeping habits •Teacher role:monitor and facilitator;to specify what is regarded as successful completion of the task •Learner role :conversational partner
12
• The teacher asks the questions ,and the learners make statements about facts which are already known to everybody.
• However,in reality,wo may ask the questions in the following way:
• P:Excuse me,where's the post office? • R:It's opposite the theatre. • P:Excuse me,where's the bank? • R:It's next to the cinema.
13
• So at this situation, though the classroom situation is the nonlinguistic environment , it is immediately real to the learners ,and it remains a convenient and towards helping the students to relate language to external reality.
• For instance ,it could be an activity that
helps the students to master the present
continuous tense by getting them to
describe what is happening in a
• This is a hand is used for removing metal from a surface .
17
2.朋友参加Party,介绍相互认识，设置 对话
• ROLE A :JACK ROLE B :DAVE ROLE C :TOM
• Scene: Jack is introducing Tom to Dave. • A:Dave,this is my classmate Tom. • B:Hi,Tom,how are you ? • C:I'm fine .Thank you.And how about you? • B:I'm fine too.It's nice meeting you . • C:Nice meeting you too.
approach交际教学法
• The Task-based language teaching apprach任务型教学法
• Content-based instruction teaching approach基于内容的教学法
2
Task-based language teaching
• Task-based Language Teaching is,in fact,a further development of Communicative Language Teaching .It shares the same beliefs, as language should be learned as close as possible to how it is used in real life .However ,it has stressed the importance to combine form-focused注意 形式 teaching with communicationfocused注意交际 teaching.
18
Task-based Language Teaching
• TBL can provide a context for grammar teaching and form-focused activities.
• In a TBL framework,the context is already established by the task itself.
picture .This kind of activity can be called
an exercise-task.
9
大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流
可以互相讨论下，但要小声点
10
Examples of the tasks
• Listening to a weather forecast and deciding what to wear
• The process of consciousness意识 raising used in the TBL language focus activities encourages students to think and analyse,not simply to repeat .
19
• A TBL framework will include a whole range of words,collocations ,lexical phrases and patterns in addition to language forms pre-selected for focus.
3
Definitions of a task
• A task is an activity which requires learners to arrive at an outcome from given information through some process of thought, and which allows teachers to control and regulate that process.Prabhu said.
• During the TBL analysis stage,learners are free to ask about any aspects of language they notice.
• A TBL cycle leads from fluecy to accuracy.
• In TBL,all four skills,listening,speaking,reading and writing are naturally integrated.综合的
14
• S1:Which do you prefer ,tea or coffee ?
• S2:I prefer coffee./I prefer tea./I like them all./I don't like either .
• The activity is not merely reacting to the questions .But it is not a really task .It depends on the teacher's choices.
• Responsing to a party invitation • Completing a banking application • Describing a photograph of one's family
7
Exercises,exercise-tasks and tasks
• When students are carrying out a task ,they are focusing on the complete act of communication .Sometimes,however ,we may wish their attention on individual aspects of language,such as vocabulary,grammar or individual skills.We can call these activities exercises.
• 适用于我国英语教学现状的“任务型”教
学法任务是可称之为“中间型”教学任务
（intermediate position）.这是一种即重视
任务的自然性（naturalness of tasks）和真
实性，也强调任务方法的选择，照顾到语
言形式联系的教学模式。
15
“真任务”判别的特征
• Authenticity 真实性 • Phatic 交际性 • Life-nature 生活性 • Enjoyment 趣味性
11
The real and unreal tasks in TBLT
• P:Where's the pen ?
• R:It's on the chair .
• P:Where's the chair ?
• R:It's next to the table.
• Question-and-answer activities based on the classroom situation requires the learners to relate language to nonlinguistic reality.Now these techniques are regarded as artificial and lack of any relationship.
8
• Another kind of activity ,which is very common in Communicative Language Teaching ,comes halfway between tasks and exercises .This kind of activity consists of contextualised practise of language items .
16
An example in TBLT
• 语言结构：This is ... • 语言功能：指定与介绍（indentification
and introduction） • ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu.学生模拟产品讲解员（或商店售货员）向
顾客介绍产品（或商品）简单描述用途：
• This is a thermometer.It is used to measure temperetures.
• Tasks are activities where the target language is used by the learner for a communicative purpose in order to achieve an outcome.Willis said.
4
Four components of a task
Teaching approaches Task-based
Language Teaching
1
Classification
• Grammar-translation approach 语法翻译法 • Audio-lingual approach 听说法 • The communicative approach 交际法 • The community language teaching
• A purpose目的 • A context语境 • A process过程 • A product输出
5
Six components of tasks
• goals • input • activities • teacher role • learner role • setting
6
Goal:Exchanging personal information
•Input:Questionnaire on sleeping habits •Activity:1)Reading questionnaire 2)Asking and answering questions about sleeping habits •Teacher role:monitor and facilitator;to specify what is regarded as successful completion of the task •Learner role :conversational partner
12
• The teacher asks the questions ,and the learners make statements about facts which are already known to everybody.
• However,in reality,wo may ask the questions in the following way:
• P:Excuse me,where's the post office? • R:It's opposite the theatre. • P:Excuse me,where's the bank? • R:It's next to the cinema.
13
• So at this situation, though the classroom situation is the nonlinguistic environment , it is immediately real to the learners ,and it remains a convenient and towards helping the students to relate language to external reality.
• For instance ,it could be an activity that
helps the students to master the present
continuous tense by getting them to
describe what is happening in a
• This is a hand is used for removing metal from a surface .
17
2.朋友参加Party,介绍相互认识，设置 对话
• ROLE A :JACK ROLE B :DAVE ROLE C :TOM
• Scene: Jack is introducing Tom to Dave. • A:Dave,this is my classmate Tom. • B:Hi,Tom,how are you ? • C:I'm fine .Thank you.And how about you? • B:I'm fine too.It's nice meeting you . • C:Nice meeting you too.
approach交际教学法
• The Task-based language teaching apprach任务型教学法
• Content-based instruction teaching approach基于内容的教学法
2
Task-based language teaching
• Task-based Language Teaching is,in fact,a further development of Communicative Language Teaching .It shares the same beliefs, as language should be learned as close as possible to how it is used in real life .However ,it has stressed the importance to combine form-focused注意 形式 teaching with communicationfocused注意交际 teaching.
18
Task-based Language Teaching
• TBL can provide a context for grammar teaching and form-focused activities.
• In a TBL framework,the context is already established by the task itself.
picture .This kind of activity can be called
an exercise-task.
9
大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流
可以互相讨论下，但要小声点
10
Examples of the tasks
• Listening to a weather forecast and deciding what to wear
• The process of consciousness意识 raising used in the TBL language focus activities encourages students to think and analyse,not simply to repeat .
19
• A TBL framework will include a whole range of words,collocations ,lexical phrases and patterns in addition to language forms pre-selected for focus.
3
Definitions of a task
• A task is an activity which requires learners to arrive at an outcome from given information through some process of thought, and which allows teachers to control and regulate that process.Prabhu said.
• During the TBL analysis stage,learners are free to ask about any aspects of language they notice.
• A TBL cycle leads from fluecy to accuracy.
• In TBL,all four skills,listening,speaking,reading and writing are naturally integrated.综合的
14
• S1:Which do you prefer ,tea or coffee ?
• S2:I prefer coffee./I prefer tea./I like them all./I don't like either .
• The activity is not merely reacting to the questions .But it is not a really task .It depends on the teacher's choices.