外研版必修三第一模块语法精讲
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昨天的这个时候我的电脑正在修理。 昨天的这个时候我的电脑正在修理。
At this time yesterday my computer was being repaired.
6）现在完成时 has/have been done ）
这本书已被译成英语。 这本书已被译成英语。
This book has been translated into English. had been done 7）过去完成时 ）
C.has been wasted D.were wasted
5.You can’t use the machine today because some parts __ this week. A.are replaced ★ B.are being replaced C.have replaced D.are replacing
7. I need one more stamp before my collection ______. A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed 答案D。 答案 。before引导的时间状语从句中 引导的时间状语从句中 用现在时表示将来， 用现在时表示将来，而collection与 与 complete之间为被动关系。 之间为被动关系。 之间为被动关系 我所集的邮票还差一张才能成整套。 我所集的邮票还差一张才能成整套。
9. He'll be an astronaut by the time he ___ thirty. A. is B. had been C. will be D. is going to be 答案 A。主句中用的是一般将来时， 。主句中用的是一般将来时， by the time引导时间状语从句中用现 引导时间状语从句中用现 在时态表示将来。 在时态表示将来。 到他三十岁时， 到他三十岁时，他就会成为一名宇 航员。 航员。
明天让你出去。 明天让你出去。
will be + v-ed
You will be allowed to go out tomorrow. 4）现在进行时 is/are being + v-ed ）
这幢楼正在建设之中。 这幢楼正在建设之中。
The building is being built. 5)过去进行时 was/were being built 过去进行时
3.Yushu ___ by a serious earthquake in April 2010. A. hit B. ★ was hit
C. had been hit D. had hit
4.A lot of paper __ in our school every day. We must take measures about it. A.is ★ wasted B.are wasted
Practice
1.The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front ___ to arrive. A. ★is expected B. is expecting C. expects D. will be expected
2.So far we have discussed a lot, but no decision __ until our boss comes back. A. has been made ★will be made B. C. had been made D. is being made
1.这个城市将要建一个新的美术馆。city. A new gallery will be built in the 2.罗马有许多古代建筑。 buildings in There are many ancient
Rome. A famous architect made plans for this 3.一个著名的设计师为这个剧院设计了图纸。 theatre. 4.鸽子是和平的象征。 The pigeon is the symbol of peace. 5.中华文明是世界上最古老的文明之一。 Chinese civilisation is one of the oldest in the world. The project is to establish a new national 6.这个工程是建立一个新的国家公园。 park.
8.He ___ as a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country in the Olympics. A.regarded B.was ★ regarded
C.has regarded D.had been regarded
3) 情态动词的被动语态 情态动词的被动语态 的被动语态.(must/can+be+done) 原子是可分的。 原子是可分的。 We can divide an atom. →An atom can be divided. 4) 有些动词主动语态形式表示被动语态如： 有些动词主动语态形式表示被动语态如： 主动语态形式表示被动语态如 sell, wash, draw, keep, prove, clean, run, wear, cook, read, write, smoke, cut, burn等。 等 1.The book sells well. 这本书畅销。 这本书畅销。 丝耐穿。 2.Silk wears well. 丝耐穿。 这种布料耐洗。 3.This cloth washes easily. 这种布料耐洗。
5. The Anti-Japanese War ___ in 1937 and it _____ eight years. A. was broken out; lasted B. broke out; lasted C. break out; lasts D. broke out; was lasted 答案 B。 break out, last 均为不及物 。 动词（短语），没有被动语态。 ），没有被动语态 动词（短语），没有被动语态。
1）一般现在时 am/is/are + v-ed ）
有你的电话。 有你的电话。
You are wanted on the telephone. 2）一般过去时 was/were + v-ed ）
这座桥是去年建成的。 这座桥是去年建成的。
The bridge was built last year.
3）一般将来时 ）
BOOK3Module 1 Europe
Period 2
Function & Grammar
PRACTICE 1. A new gallery 美术馆 will be built in the ______(美术馆 美术馆) city. 2. There are many ancient 古代 buildings in ______(古代 古代) Rome. 3. A famous architect 建筑师 _______(建筑师 建筑师)made plans for this theatre. 4. The pigeon is the symbol 象征 of peace. ______(象征 象征) 5. Chinese civilisation 文明 is one of the _________(文明 文明) oldest in the world. 6. The project 工程) is to establish a new ______(工程 工程 national park.
GRAMMAR:Passive voice
语态分为主动语态和被动语态。 语态分为主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态 被动语态(Passive Voice)表示句子的主 表示句子的主 被动语态 表示 语是动作的承受者。 语是动作的承受者。
结构：be + 动词的过去分词 结构： be+done.
被动语态的构成
6.We plan to play basketball together.However, when and where __ decided yet. A.are not C.is not B.haven’t been D.hasn’t been ★
7.--Why does the Lake smell terrible? --Because large quantities of water ___. A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. ★have been polluted
6. Come and sit down by the fire. Your hand ______. A. feels so cold B. is felt so coldly C. feels so coldly D. feel so cold 的感觉） 答案 A。 feel（摸起来有 。 （摸起来有……的感觉） 的感觉 seem, sound, look 等作为系动词使用， 等作为系动词使用， 系表结构没有被动语态。 系表结构没有被动语态。
截止到去年为止，20000汽车已被生产。
By the end of last year, 20000 cars had been produced.
使用被动语态应注意下面几点
1) 短语动词的被动语态，要保持短语动词 短语动词的被动语态， 的完整性， 的完整性，动词后面的介词或副词切记不 可遗漏。 可遗漏。 These books must be taken good care of. 这些书必须好好保管。 这些书必须好好保管。 The children were well looked after. 孩子们受到了良好的护理。 孩子们受到了良好的护理。
9.At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement__. A. has been reached B. ★ had been reached C. has reached lked about in this report ______ over a year ago. A. had taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place 答案B。 发生， 答案 。take place, occur, happen发生， 发生 均为不及物动词词组，没有被动语态。 均为不及物动词词组，没有被动语态。
8. In some parts of the world, tea ___ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served 答案B。本题叙述的是一般的情况， 答案 。本题叙述的是一般的情况， 常用一般现在时，答案可在B和 中 常用一般现在时，答案可在 和C中 选择。 意思是“ 选择。serve意思是“供给”或 “送 意思是 供给” 此处应用被动语态。 上”，此处应用被动语态。 在世界上一些地区， 在世界上一些地区，人们饮茶时都加 牛奶和蔗糖。 牛奶和蔗糖。
2) 带双宾语的动词的被动语态： 双宾语的动词的被动语态 的动词的被动语态： (give, send, take, bring, teach, tell, offer, sing, buy, promise, make, write, ask, lend, show, pay等)将其中一个宾语变成主 等 将其中一个宾语变成主 另一个宾语作为保留宾语 或变为介 保留宾语， 语，另一个宾语作为保留宾语，或变为介 词宾语，作状语。 词宾语，作状语。 Eg:我们给他一些图画书。 我们给他一些图画书。 我们给他一些图画书 We gave him some picture-books. →He was given some picture-books. →Some picture-books were given to him.
At this time yesterday my computer was being repaired.
6）现在完成时 has/have been done ）
这本书已被译成英语。 这本书已被译成英语。
This book has been translated into English. had been done 7）过去完成时 ）
C.has been wasted D.were wasted
5.You can’t use the machine today because some parts __ this week. A.are replaced ★ B.are being replaced C.have replaced D.are replacing
7. I need one more stamp before my collection ______. A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed 答案D。 答案 。before引导的时间状语从句中 引导的时间状语从句中 用现在时表示将来， 用现在时表示将来，而collection与 与 complete之间为被动关系。 之间为被动关系。 之间为被动关系 我所集的邮票还差一张才能成整套。 我所集的邮票还差一张才能成整套。
9. He'll be an astronaut by the time he ___ thirty. A. is B. had been C. will be D. is going to be 答案 A。主句中用的是一般将来时， 。主句中用的是一般将来时， by the time引导时间状语从句中用现 引导时间状语从句中用现 在时态表示将来。 在时态表示将来。 到他三十岁时， 到他三十岁时，他就会成为一名宇 航员。 航员。
明天让你出去。 明天让你出去。
will be + v-ed
You will be allowed to go out tomorrow. 4）现在进行时 is/are being + v-ed ）
这幢楼正在建设之中。 这幢楼正在建设之中。
The building is being built. 5)过去进行时 was/were being built 过去进行时
3.Yushu ___ by a serious earthquake in April 2010. A. hit B. ★ was hit
C. had been hit D. had hit
4.A lot of paper __ in our school every day. We must take measures about it. A.is ★ wasted B.are wasted
Practice
1.The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front ___ to arrive. A. ★is expected B. is expecting C. expects D. will be expected
2.So far we have discussed a lot, but no decision __ until our boss comes back. A. has been made ★will be made B. C. had been made D. is being made
1.这个城市将要建一个新的美术馆。city. A new gallery will be built in the 2.罗马有许多古代建筑。 buildings in There are many ancient
Rome. A famous architect made plans for this 3.一个著名的设计师为这个剧院设计了图纸。 theatre. 4.鸽子是和平的象征。 The pigeon is the symbol of peace. 5.中华文明是世界上最古老的文明之一。 Chinese civilisation is one of the oldest in the world. The project is to establish a new national 6.这个工程是建立一个新的国家公园。 park.
8.He ___ as a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country in the Olympics. A.regarded B.was ★ regarded
C.has regarded D.had been regarded
3) 情态动词的被动语态 情态动词的被动语态 的被动语态.(must/can+be+done) 原子是可分的。 原子是可分的。 We can divide an atom. →An atom can be divided. 4) 有些动词主动语态形式表示被动语态如： 有些动词主动语态形式表示被动语态如： 主动语态形式表示被动语态如 sell, wash, draw, keep, prove, clean, run, wear, cook, read, write, smoke, cut, burn等。 等 1.The book sells well. 这本书畅销。 这本书畅销。 丝耐穿。 2.Silk wears well. 丝耐穿。 这种布料耐洗。 3.This cloth washes easily. 这种布料耐洗。
5. The Anti-Japanese War ___ in 1937 and it _____ eight years. A. was broken out; lasted B. broke out; lasted C. break out; lasts D. broke out; was lasted 答案 B。 break out, last 均为不及物 。 动词（短语），没有被动语态。 ），没有被动语态 动词（短语），没有被动语态。
1）一般现在时 am/is/are + v-ed ）
有你的电话。 有你的电话。
You are wanted on the telephone. 2）一般过去时 was/were + v-ed ）
这座桥是去年建成的。 这座桥是去年建成的。
The bridge was built last year.
3）一般将来时 ）
BOOK3Module 1 Europe
Period 2
Function & Grammar
PRACTICE 1. A new gallery 美术馆 will be built in the ______(美术馆 美术馆) city. 2. There are many ancient 古代 buildings in ______(古代 古代) Rome. 3. A famous architect 建筑师 _______(建筑师 建筑师)made plans for this theatre. 4. The pigeon is the symbol 象征 of peace. ______(象征 象征) 5. Chinese civilisation 文明 is one of the _________(文明 文明) oldest in the world. 6. The project 工程) is to establish a new ______(工程 工程 national park.
GRAMMAR:Passive voice
语态分为主动语态和被动语态。 语态分为主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态 被动语态(Passive Voice)表示句子的主 表示句子的主 被动语态 表示 语是动作的承受者。 语是动作的承受者。
结构：be + 动词的过去分词 结构： be+done.
被动语态的构成
6.We plan to play basketball together.However, when and where __ decided yet. A.are not C.is not B.haven’t been D.hasn’t been ★
7.--Why does the Lake smell terrible? --Because large quantities of water ___. A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. ★have been polluted
6. Come and sit down by the fire. Your hand ______. A. feels so cold B. is felt so coldly C. feels so coldly D. feel so cold 的感觉） 答案 A。 feel（摸起来有 。 （摸起来有……的感觉） 的感觉 seem, sound, look 等作为系动词使用， 等作为系动词使用， 系表结构没有被动语态。 系表结构没有被动语态。
截止到去年为止，20000汽车已被生产。
By the end of last year, 20000 cars had been produced.
使用被动语态应注意下面几点
1) 短语动词的被动语态，要保持短语动词 短语动词的被动语态， 的完整性， 的完整性，动词后面的介词或副词切记不 可遗漏。 可遗漏。 These books must be taken good care of. 这些书必须好好保管。 这些书必须好好保管。 The children were well looked after. 孩子们受到了良好的护理。 孩子们受到了良好的护理。
9.At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement__. A. has been reached B. ★ had been reached C. has reached lked about in this report ______ over a year ago. A. had taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place 答案B。 发生， 答案 。take place, occur, happen发生， 发生 均为不及物动词词组，没有被动语态。 均为不及物动词词组，没有被动语态。
8. In some parts of the world, tea ___ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served 答案B。本题叙述的是一般的情况， 答案 。本题叙述的是一般的情况， 常用一般现在时，答案可在B和 中 常用一般现在时，答案可在 和C中 选择。 意思是“ 选择。serve意思是“供给”或 “送 意思是 供给” 此处应用被动语态。 上”，此处应用被动语态。 在世界上一些地区， 在世界上一些地区，人们饮茶时都加 牛奶和蔗糖。 牛奶和蔗糖。
2) 带双宾语的动词的被动语态： 双宾语的动词的被动语态 的动词的被动语态： (give, send, take, bring, teach, tell, offer, sing, buy, promise, make, write, ask, lend, show, pay等)将其中一个宾语变成主 等 将其中一个宾语变成主 另一个宾语作为保留宾语 或变为介 保留宾语， 语，另一个宾语作为保留宾语，或变为介 词宾语，作状语。 词宾语，作状语。 Eg:我们给他一些图画书。 我们给他一些图画书。 我们给他一些图画书 We gave him some picture-books. →He was given some picture-books. →Some picture-books were given to him.