研究生综合英语上第一单元
研究生英语综合教程1课后答案
第一单元Text A Tax Competition Spurs GlobalizationKey to the exercises1 Reading comprehension（1）The economic forces behind globalization include rising trade and investment flows, greater labor mobility, and rapid transfers of technology. Those trends have been stimulated by the deregulation of financial markets, reductions in trade barriers, and lower communication costs. （2）Most economists support globalization because it raises the incomes of people worldwide. Another lesser noticed benefit is that it makes it harder for governments to sustain excessively high tax rates. When economic integration increases, individuals and businesses gain the freedom to take advantage of low tax rates abroad.（3）It shows that some smart nations like Ireland are treating international tax competition as an opportunity, not a threat.（4）First, high tax countries have urged international organizations to reduce tax competition. Second, many nations are adding layers of complex rules on businesses to discourage them from investing abroad, rather than reducing tax burdens so that businesses want to invest at home.（5）Because there are more opportunities and lower taxes in cities such as London.（6）The author cites the case of Ireland to show that with the reduction of taxes, a large number of immigrants are attracted, and people at home are unwilling to migrate out. The lower one country’s tax is, the more skilled people will be attracted.（7）Because market competition encourages production efficiency. Tax competition provides an incentive to improve government efficiency. For example, the Federal government is no longer a monopoly—Americans now are able to invest abroad, retire in a low tax Caribbean country, or move their business to low tax Ireland. Accordingly, the Federal government needs to reform the tax code and provide services more efficiently to encourage Americans and their money to stay at home.（8）Tax competition among countries should be a win-win policy, as it restrains governments and helps spur global economic growth.2 V ocabulary（1）spur d(2)curtail g(3)per captia k(4)regime i(5)celebrity b(6)merge m(7)highlight c(8) akin f(9)stifle n(10)deduct a3 Paraphrase（1）Until now, basic economic forces have gone beyond(outweigh) political efforts to make this trend slow. Efforts to oppose economic globalization have extended from anti-globalization protests to Congressional law making to prevent American companies from building subsidiary business in foreign countries.（2）Some nations are treating tax competition as a useless and disadvantageous thing. High tax countries have urged international organizations, such as the organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), to ease (curtail) tax competition.（3）And many nations are formulating a series of complex rules on businesses so as to try to keep them from investing abroad, instead of reducing tax burdens so that businesses are willing to invest at home.（4）The U.S. is divided into (fall into) this group because it has one of the highest corporate tax rates. Nevertheless, America continues to put off(推迟) reforming tax policies, which is expected for a long time.(5) International investors have been affected easily by changes and differences between national tax rates as their investment choices have increased.（6）Another noticeable issue is that many businesses used to invest in foreign country only want to take the opportunity for fixed resources, such as oil deposits. Today, many industries-such as finance and services-are free to invest and can set up new firms anywhere（footloose）.（7）For example, in recent years Canadian policymakers have to consider important issue that a group of skilled and talented people from technology industries in Canada have emigrate to its lower tax southern neighbor, the U.S.（8）For many years, young Irish people went to America and other foreign countries, and tried to find a way to live a better life. But after Ireland reduced individual tax and then quickly cut corporate tax, the pattern of out migration was changed around completely in this country.（9）To keep the skilled labor from leaving their own country to other countries, governments had to direct spending and tax levels to satisfy local residents. In which country Individuals chose to resident according to their demand for public goods relative to local tax levels.（10）If the U.S. makes progress in tax reform, other nations would probably reform their taxes in the same way(follow suit), as they did when the U.S. reduced rates in the 1980s.4 Cloze（1）and(2) understand(3) about(4) sides(5) what(6) bad(7) nor(8) properly(9)destroy(10) says(11) which(12) stronger(13) behind(14) up(15) While(16) unique(17)dark(18) benefits(19) from(20) rule5 TranslationA Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.由于殖民地与许多海外地区的大量贸易，所有欧洲重要商业国以及它们在西半球领地的金银铸币在北美东海岸都可以自由交换。
研究生英语综合教程Unit1
Unit 1 Romantic LovePart I Before Reading Activities1.Look at the pictures below and in English tell a love story that is to happen in the fall.Girl Boy Recalling Missing Dancing Praying2.Consult your parents and senior relatives about the dowry in different periods since 1960s, and then make a comparison with what you want for your marriage and report it to the class.Like:bicycle in_________Car in _____________House in _____Jewelry in______________Lover watches in ____________Quilts in ______________Sewing machine in___________TV set in ________________Washing machine in ____________Wooden cases in_______________Part II Passage ReadingTextArabella and CupidMary Corrigan1.There couldn't have been a worse place for Arabella to have a puncture right in front of the entrance to the church.2.Geoff looked at the line of smart cars along the Kerb. Arabella looked hopelessly out of place. Her staid lines simply screamed 1952 at the long, sleek late-model cars,and brought forth a ripple of mirth from the by-standers.”Oh,look, Doreen,there;s the bride‟s car,”giggled the woman with the string bag, flourishing her umbrella at Arabella.3.Geoff set about changing the ryre, to the zccompaniment of much urgingand criticism from String Bag,Doree and company. It was hot work, standing in the sun, waiting for the bride to emerge, and they welcomed Geoff‟s plight as the sun, waiting for the bride to emerge, and they welcomed Geoff‟s plight as a sort of curtain raiser to entertain them until the main act came on.Geoff fumed. “Old buzzards,” he muttered. “Nothing else to do with their Saturday afternoons but hang around churches and goggle at brides.4.“Put a bit of elbow grease into it , laddie,”said Doreen. “You don‟t want to hold up the wedding party. You‟re right in the way of the bride‟s car. Oh, look,here it comes.”The black limousine honked its horn behind him. Geoff wished he had stayed in Sydhey until Monday. He coursed the urge to have his first weekend at home in fouryears, which had been responsible for his unofficial arrival in Brisbane three days ahead of time . Why hadn‟t he left Arabella sitting up on her blocks, where she had beenfor the last four years, instead of taking her out on the road?5. “Look, Doreen, here‟s the guard of honour,”shrieked String Bag.She prodded Geoff with her umbrella.”Hurry up,” she said. “the bride will be coming out any minute. You‟d better get this old scrapheap out of the way.”6.Furiously, he worked at the ryre,and, just as he had it pumped up, he was conscious of a flurry of white tulle and confetti at the door of the church.Strin Bag, Doreen and company had Mercifully turned away from him and uniformed guard of honour.7.The bride‟s car renewed its impatient honking.He threw the pump into Arabella and seated himself behind the wheel.He switched on the ignition and heaved a relieved sigh when she responded. He let in the clutch. Nothing happened. Arabella …s rear wheels were spinning in the air. He had forgotten to let down the jack!By this time,the bride and groom were at the kerb, surrounded by the guard of honour, who hooted with delight at the sight of Arabella with her tail in the air,and the unhappy Geoff----a sorry picture of grease and dust in an old T-shirt.One of them helpfully let down the jack while another held Arabella‟s backdoor wide open.It all happened too quickly for Geoff. With a stately mock solemnity, the bride and groom entered Arabella, whose embarrassed chug-chugging was drowned in the raucous mirth of the guard of honour.9.Geoff began to see the humour of the situation. With a grin he raised and enquiring eyebrow at the groom.“Forward, James,”said the bridegroom. “To The Golden Bow by the longest possible route. The guests must arrive there before us.”Arabella jerked forward.The bride and groom rocked with laughter as the rest of the wedding party gave them a rousing, cheer. In the rear-vision mirror Geoff caught a glimpse of the limousine driver,scratching his head in puzzlement.10.“wouldn‟t it be the stunt of the year,”said the bridegroom. “not to turn up at Golden?”“Oh Bill,”giggled the bride. “don‟t be awful.”“No seriously, Jessie, you and I and ---what‟s your name, old boy?”“Call me Geoff.”“...you and I and Geoffhere ought to celebrate with a burger. I‟m starving.Do you like burgers, Geoff?”Love them, said Bill, “what could be better? A short stop at a burger bar and on to surfers Paradise. No wedding reception, no speeches.How does that appeal to you,Geoff?”“There‟s just one thing,”said Geoff. “Arabella hasn‟t enough petrol to get to The Golden Bowl, let alone Surfers. Your car is still following us. Perhaps you‟d better change over.”“Oh, no, Geoff,” said Jessie. “We‟ll buy some petrol, won‟t we ,Bill?”“What do we use for money?Roger has my wallet. That‟s what the best man is for.”“That seems to settle it, then,”said Geoff, regretfully. “I haven‟t a bean.You‟ll have to change cars...unless...”“Unless what?:“Well, I live just around this corner. We could go home and syphon some petrol out of my dad‟s car.”“Good of you, Geoff! Give Arabella her head for home.”13.To say that Mrs Bayliss was astonished would be putting it mildly. Looking up from her gardening, she blinked at the spectacle of Geoff coming the from path, followed by a vision of radiance in lace and tulle and an impeccably dressed airman in the uniform of a pilot officer.14.“You‟re not seeing things,mum,”said Geoff. “meet Jessie and Bill.They‟ve just been married. Arabella‟s out of juice, and we‟re going to syphon some petrol out of the Jaguar.”Mrs Bayliss had one answer for all situations:”What about a cup of tea?”She said serenely.15.Geoff gave her a broad wink as he and Bill went off to attend to the petrol.Jessie followed her into the kitchen and sat on the edge of the table in her finery while Mrs. Bayliss made the tea.By the time the men reappeared, Jessie had told her the story of Arabella‟s mishap in front of the church and how Geoff had come to be chauffeur to a pair of complete strangers.16.”Now Geoff, get into your good clothes, “said Bill. “You‟re coming to our wedding breakfast.”Geoff protested, but weakly, knowing all the time that he was going to see this crazy joke through. The whole unorthodox procedure appealed to him.Time enough to be serious on Monday, when he would be taking on his new job, with all the dignity it would demand He changed into his only suit, an old grey one, and in no time they were chugging off again in Arabella.17.They arrived at Te Golden Bowl just as the guests were beginning to wonder what had become of the happy couple. The wedding breakfast was a light-hearted affair, with the bride and groom demanding that Geoff sit between them.18.However,he declined. Geoff was a man of quick decisions and during the general introductions--”Janice, meet Geoff”--he suddenly knew why the whole thing had happened. He might have expected it. Arabella had always had a way of taking thingsinto her own hands, and this was how she decreed that he would find the ideal he had carried around in his heart ever since he could remember .19.So it was that, declining the invitation to sit between the bride and groom, he seated himself next to the chief bridesmaid and made no attempt to conceal his adoration.By the time the toasts were beginning, he knew he would never let her out of his sight.“Do you believe in love at first sight?” he whispered.Janice‟s eyes were shining when she said softly, “Yes, I believe I do.”20.THe chairman was saying,”And now I would like to call on a distinguished guest to say a few words. It is a surprise to see him among the guests, as I did not expect him to arrive in Brisbane until Monday. I refer, of course, to the newly appointed Commanding Officer at Amberley, Group Captain Geoffrey Bayliss, DFC.”21.Geoff was as surprised as anyone. In his infatuation with Janice, he had not noticed the presence of his old school mate, Padre Teddy Collins. He rose to his feet, well aware of the looks of shocked apprehension on the faces of Bill and his fellow officers. The prank they had played on the poor inoffensive bloke in the broken-down car had rebounded with a vengeance, when the bloke turned out to be the new boss. 22.Geoff raised his glass. “Long life and prosperity,” he said “to the happy couple.”He looked around the long tables and grinnd disarmingly.There was a spontaneous burst of applause from the young officers, who, in the last few minutes, had experienced surprise apprehension and relief.23.”One more toast,” called Geoff. “I give you a fairy godmother called Arabella, who has her own way of making dreams come true.”He resumed his seat and turned to Janice.24.When Bill and Jessie were driving off in Bill‟s car, Jessie threw her bouquet right into Janice‟s arms.25.“How appropriate,”murmured Geoff. The look in Janice‟s eyes told him all he wanted to know. He took her by the hand. “Come with me,” he said. “I want you to meet Arabella.”Notes1.Arabella looked hopelessly out of place:Geoff‟s car-Arabella-was dwarfed by those beautiful cars that were parked along the kerb of the road ,waiting for the bride and bridegroom and all the other fuests to come out of the church.2.“Old buzzards”:”Buzzard”is a collective noun for all the hawk like birds;in slang it means a greedy and selfish person. In the text here, Geoff uses the phrase to show his anger at those people who are hanging around the church with nothing to do on purpose but just tease him and his old car.3.“You‟re not seeing things, mum,”:You‟re not experiencing an illusion.”see things”, in colloquial English, just means having an illusion. By using this sentence, Geoff is telling his mother although this is really happening before her eyes.4.Wedding breakfast:In the West, after the wedding ceremony, a banquet will be given to entertain all the guests and relatives who attend the wedding ceremony. Whether the banquet is served in the morning or midday, or even in the afternoon, it is all ”wedding breakfast”.New Wordspuncture ['pʌŋ(k)tʃə] n.a small hole in a tyre resulting in an escape of air(轮胎的)刺孔staid [steɪd] adj. （sometime derogative ）(of peple, their appearance, behaviour, tastes, etc) serious, dull and old-fashioned; conservative 古板的，保守的，一本正经的giggle ['gɪg(ə)l]ugh lightly in a nervous, affected, or silly manner(紧张做做地)轻笑；傻笑plight [plaɪt]n.a dangerous, difficult, or otherwise unfortunate situation 险境，困境，苦难fume [fjuːm]v. emit gas, smoke, or vapour;feel,show, or express great anger goggle ['gɒg(ə)l] v. Look with wide open eyes, typically in amazement or wonder (多指因惊奇等)瞪大眼睛看goggles ['gɑglz]n.close-fitting glasses with side shields, for protecting the eyes from glare, dust, water, etc.(用以挡光、防尘、放水等的)护目镜honk ['hɒŋk]v.cause(a car horn)to make a harsh sound 按汽车喇叭shriek [ʃriːk]v.utter a high-pitched piercing sound or words,especially as an expression of terror, pain, or excitement(尤指因惊吓、疼痛或兴奋而)尖声叫喊prod [prɒd]v. Poke(someone )with a finger, foot, or pointed object(用手指、脚、尖物)刺，捅heave [hiːv]v.produce(a sigh);lift or haul(a heavy thing )with great effort;(informal )throw (something heavy)发出（叹息）；用力举起（或拉、拖）；（非正式）扔，甩，抛（重物）hoot [huːt]v(of person)make loud sounds of scorn, disapproval, or merriment(人)发出呵呵声（大声表示轻蔑、不赞成或快乐）solemnity [sə'lemnɪtɪ]n.the state or quality of being serious and dignified 庄严；庄重chug [tʃʌg]v.emit a series of regular muffled explosive souds, as of an engine running slowly;(N. Amer. informal)consume(a drink)in large gulps without pausing(如引擎慢慢运转般)作响；（北美，非正式）咕嘟咕嘟的喝jerk [dʒɜːk]v. Move with a sudden movement 猝然一动，猛地一动rock [rɒk]v.cause(someone or something)to move gently to and fro or from side to side;(with reference to a building or region)shake or cause to shake orvibrate, especially because of an impact, earthquake, or explosion 轻轻摇动，是轻轻摆动，使轻轻晃动；（尤指由于撞击、地震或爆炸）（使）（建筑物，地区）剧烈震动；（使）摇晃stunt [stʌnt]n. An action displaying epectacular skill and daring; something unusual done to attract attention惊险动作，绝技；引人瞩目的花招，burger ['bɝ：gɚ]n.a flat round cake of minced beef that is fried or grilled and generally eaten in a bread roll 汉堡包，夹心牛肉饼syphon ['saɪfən]v.draw(a liquid )from one place to another using a pipe or tube which is in the form of upside-down U 通过虹管吸blink [blɪŋk]v.shut and open the eyes quickly 眨眼睛impeccably [im'pekəbli]adv.(of behaviour, performance, or appearance)in accordance with the highest standards of propriety; faultlessly(行为，表演，外表)最佳地，完美地，无瑕疵地serenely [sə'ri:nli]adv. In a calm, peaceful,and untroubled way;tranquilly安详地；宁静地wink [wɪŋk]n.an act of closi ng and opening one eye quickly, typically as a signal眨眼；眨眼示意mishap ['mɪshæp]n.an unlucky accident 不幸事故；灾难unorthodox [ʌn'ɔːθədɒks] adj.contrary to what is usual, traditional, or accepted; not orthodox 非传统的；非正统的；异端的decline [dɪ'klaɪn] v.politely refuse(an invitation or offer);become smaller, fewer, or less; decrease 谢绝，婉言拒绝；变小，减少；下降decree [dɪ'kriː]v.order (something )by an official order issued by a ruler or authority that has the force of law 依法命令infatuation [ɪn,fætʃʊ'eɪʃ(ə)n;]n.(be infatuated with )being inspired with an intense but short-lied passion or admiration for (被一时强烈的激情或爱慕)冲昏通脑；迷恋prank [præŋk]n. A practical joke or mischievous act 玩笑；恶作剧rebound [rɪ'baʊnd]v.bounce back through the air after hitting a hard surface or object;have an unexpected adverse consequence for (someone, especially the person responsible for it )弹回，跳回；（事件，局势）产生事与愿违的结果disarmingly [dis'a:miŋli]adv.(of manner or behaviour )having the effect of allaying suspicion ofr hostility, especially through charm (尤指通过魅力)（举止，行为）消除疑虑地；消除敌意地resume [rɪ'zjuːm;] v. Begin to do or pursue(something)again after a pause or interruption(中断后)重新开始，继续Useful Expressionsset about sth./doing sth. (no passive)begin (a task); start doing sth. 开始（某工作）；着手（做某事）hang around/about... (informal)be standing about (a place ), doing nothing definite; not move away 无所事事地待在（某处）；荡来荡去put elbow grease into sth. (colloquial )make harder efforts to sth. (口)费力；苦干hold up sb./sth. Obstruct or delay the progress of sb./sth. 阻碍或延误（某人/某事物）pump up inflate(a tyre, etc )by pumping air into it 给（轮胎等）打足气what become of sb./sth. (idiom)what is happening to sb./sth（习语）（某人、某事物）情况如何refer to sb./sth mention or speak of sb./sth.;allude to sb./ sth.提到；说到或涉及（某人或某事物）Proper NamesArabella (人名)阿拉贝拉（原为女孩名，此课中为汽车款式名称）Cupid (人名)丘比特，罗马神话中的爱神，其形象往往为背插双翼、手执弓箭做待发状的男童Geoff (人名)杰夫Doreen (人名)杜林String Bag (人名)网袋女（referring to the woman with the string bag）Sydney (地名)悉尼，澳大利亚新南威尔士州首府，港口城市the guard of honour 仪仗队James (人名)詹姆斯the Golden Bow 金碗（餐厅或俱乐部的名字）Bill (人名)比尔Jessie (人名)杰西Surfers Paradise 冲浪者天堂（俱乐部名）Roger (人名)罗杰the best man 伴郎Mrs，Bayliss (人名)贝里斯太太Jaguar 捷豹牌汽车，时间诶顶级豪华车品牌，历史悠久；2004年3月捷豹汽车正式进入中国市场Janice (人名)贾尼丝Commanding Officer 指挥官Amberley (地名)安柏丽，澳大利亚皇家空军基地，位于昆士兰州布里斯班附近DFC =Distinguished Flying Cross 优异飞行十字勋章，英国及一些英联邦国家为表彰英国皇家空军及英联邦国家空军成员而设立的一种奖章，后来美国也设立了此种军功勋章Padre Teddy Collins (人名)帕德累•特迪•科林斯ExercisesI.After Reading ActivitiesComprehension of the TextRead the text carefully and do the reading comprehension exercises below by choosing a correct answer from the four given choices marked A.,B., B.and D.1.Arabella has been____ for four years before she had a puncture right in front of the entrance to the church.A.outside the churchB.inside the churchC.in her garageD.near Sydney2.When Arabella was ignited again after Geoff‟s amendment to her, she still trmained unmoved because____.A.the jack was heaving the carB.The driven wheel was broken againC.Geoff forgot to let in the clutchD.Geoff didn‟t pump enough air into the tyre3.Arabella was unable to reach Surfers Paradise as the bridegroom ordered for the reason that she was______.A.produced in 1952B.In short of oilC.Fond of burgersD.The stunt of the year4.The bride told Mrs. Bayliss everything except_____.A.What had happened to Arabella in front of the churchB.Why Geoff became their wedding car driverC.where they wanted to go after they left her houseD.Geoff would meet Janice for the first time in his life5.When Geoff was requested to offer a toast to Arabella because _____.A.it was Arabella that was lucky enough to drive the newly married coupleB.It was Arabella‟s contributions that Geoff was appointed Commanding Officer at AmberleyC.It was Arabella that had young officers experience surprise, apprehension and reliefD.It was Arabella‟s broken-down that led to his meeting with JanicePoints for DiscussionBreak into small groups and discuss the following questions. Later the teacher may ask some of you to report the answers of your group to the class.1.If you are asked to write a list of what could be most important elements in pursuingromantic love, what will you write down/ Any Why?2.Do you have a boyfriend/girlfriend or fiance/fiancee of husband/wife?Would you p;ease try to tell your classmates something about your personal romance or some romantic anecdotes about yourself?What lesson should they learn from your love story?nguage FocusV ocabularyDo the exercises below by choosing the correct answers from given choices markedA.,B.,C,or D.1.Weiss said he‟s proud of Duchovny for voluntarily seeking help with his sex addition problem, apparently without______from press reports of lawsuits.A.ShriekingB.ProddingC.ScreamingD.Scratching2.Satellites are as vulnerable as they are valuable.America and Russia stopped such anti-satellite tests because both stood to lose:each side‟s eyes-in-the-skies monitored the other‟s nuclear weapons, helping to avoid awful______.A.rippleedyC.SolemnityD.Mishap3.On Sunday, August 8,2006,China and Chad have _____diplomatic relations after the Central African nation agreed to sever ties with Taiwan.A.renewedB.RedecoratedC.ResumedD.Rebounded4.I had a narrow shave yesterday when I had a ____on the motorway, but fortunately I was able to keep the car in control until I could pull over and stop.A.punctureB.TyreC.FractionD.Prank5.Despite broad similarities,food affects everyone‟s brain a little differently. For example, Gibson explained, extroverts are more likely to succumb to the “postlunch dip”----that desire to nap, or____Coffee, mid-afternoon.A.spineB.DeclineC.ChewD.Chug6.You‟ve got the flawless resume, ___-credentials and the perfect look-you are an employer‟s dream candidate,So why is it you‟ve been on the job hunt for almost a year and there are no prospects in sight? Expert says change of attitude might be best approach.A.flawedB.ImpeccableC.StaidD.Novel7.For example anger may provoke violent feelings towards another, but generally people refrain from stabbing each other willy-nilly. Instead they will shout, hit hteir head on the wall or just silently___.A. GiggleB.SpinC.EvadeD.Fume8.Streaking is one of the oldest tricks in the book.Unfortunately, it‟s also a sure-fire way to embarrass yourself for months to come. In the 1970s streaking was a popular______, a display of courage, and a general right of passage for college freshmen.A.winkB.ChauffeurC.PrankD.Philosophy9.The iron entered the princes soul as early as the very first tour of Wales he took with Diana in October 1981. As they worked the rope line together, the side that got Diana went crazy, ____with excitement and calling for “Di Di Di!”The side that got Charles groaned with disappointment. “Oh no !We got HIM.”A.shriekingB.DecreeingC.HonkingD.Howling10.A man was divorced by his wife in 2008 for running across China to support the 2008 Beijing Olympics for which he sold his apartment to finance the run. His wife promised to divorce him if he went ahead with the ____, and so he did.According to him, he was just running to promote the Olympic spirit.A.infatuationB.BouquetC.EthicsD.Stunt11.The diverging performance of investment banks such as Goldman and the retail operations of banks such as Citi is problematic for and administration that wants a strong Wall Street but is also under pressure to tackle the ____of ordinary people.A.plightB.SolemnityC.ApprehensionD.Sensation12.The IMF(International Bank Fund ) said Asia‟s rate of growth could _____to more than 5 per cent in 2010 if the rest of the world economy posted a clear improvement. But Dominique Strauss-Kahn, the IMF‟s managing director, said the outlook for Asia was “very uncertain”.A.hootB.jerkC.reboundD.reject13.Vampire stories are in many ways sex for the squeamish. We don‟t need Raj Persaud to tell us that plunging canines int soft warm necks ,, or driving stakes between ____bosoms, are very basic sexual metaphors.A.chuggingB. flourishingC.fumingD.heaving14.Thett Lambis often cranky like any other 3-year-old toddler, but here‟s one thing that makes him completely different:he has a rare medical condition in which he can‟t sleep a ____.15.Michael Phelps swam into Olympic history yesterday, becoming the athlete to win the most gold medals ever. And he did it swimming blind. A problem with his _____ , however, meant that he swam most of the race without knowing what was going on around him.A.spectaclesB.pranksC.gogglesD.perspectives16.Mr. Persky,48,stood on Park Avenue, handing out resumes to passers_by and wearing a sandwich board that said, “Experienced M.I.T.Grad for Hire.” A couple of young brokers who passed Mr. Persky said they thought his _____ methods would pay off. One said Mr. Persky had a “first mover‟s advantage”.And that “all this press coverage will probably get him a job.”A.unorthodoxB.disarmingC.distinguishedD.staid17.That may be extreme, but many Americans can‟t even talk about sex without_____, squirming or blushing. Let‟s start there. Talk to your kids about sex tonight, with confidence and a straight face. “I‟d prefer you waited to have sex.That means whenever you choose to do it, make sure you use one of these condoms.”A.decliningB.rockingC. gigglingD.blinking18.Joseph Garner of Purdue University and his colleagues in Norway report that the way goldfish respond to pain shows that these animals do experience pain consciously, rather than simply reacting with a reflex-such as when a person recoils after stepping on a tack(____away before he or she is aware of the sensation).A.decreeingB.resumingC.forgingD.jerking19.Will reading in dim light ruin your eyesight?The majority of eye experts believed it was unlikely to do any permanent damage, but it might make you squint, ____more and have trouble focusing.A.referB.blinkC.stareD.prod20.She realized that she felt fear as ____ for this man. As a result, she didn‟t know whether she should accept his proposal for marrying him or not.A.dignityB.solemnityC.infatuationD.accompanimentClozeRead the following passage carefully and choose the best answer given below the passage for each of the blanks.Science Daily(July 13,2009)-University of Denver(DU)researchers find that couples who live together before they are engaged have a higher chance of getting_(1)__than those who wait until they are married to live together,or at least wait until they are engaged.__(2)_____,couples who lived together before engagement and then married,reported a lower satisfaction in their marriages.The research,which appears in the Journal of Family Psychology, was_(3)___by Galena Thoades,senior researcher, Scott Stanley, research professor,and Howard Markman, professor of psychology.“We think that some couples who move in together without a clear_(4)____tomarriage may wind up sliding into marriage partly because they are already (5)____,”Thoades says. “It seems wise to talk about commitment and what living together might mean for the future of the relationship before moving in together,especially because cohabiting likely makes__(6)___harder to break up compared to dating,”Stanley says.The three researchers also studied the reasons__(7)__couples decide to live together.That study, which appeared in the Journal of Family Issues, shows that most couples chose to live together in order to spend more time together. The second most popular reason is convenience, followed by testing the relationship. This is different then__(8)____research that found most people cohabit to test the relationship.“Cohabiting to test a relationship turns out to be associated__(9)____the most problems in relationships,” Thoades says. “Perhaps if a person is feeling a need to test the relationship, he or she already knows some important information about how a relationship may go __(10)___time.”1.A engaged B .split up C.broken up D. Divorced2.A.In addition B. Apart from C. Except for D> Besides that3.A. Carried B. Chugged C. Infatuated D.conductedmitment B. Promise C.slogan D. Motto5.A.engaging B.marrying C. Cohabiting D. Divorcing6.A. that B. divorce C. it D. marriage7.A. which B. why C. that D. it8.A. Unorthodox B. Impeccable C. Previous D.serene9.A.to B. With C in D.into10.A. By B. Beyond C. Upon D.overTranslationA Translate the following into English.性背叛Vs情感不忠莱维和他的同事克里斯滕•凯利邀请了超过400位大学生（四分之三是女性）完成感情联系中依属关系类型的标准评估，并且询问他们什么更痛苦，是情感不忠还是性背叛。
《高等学校研究生英语综合教程-上》1-5单元原文及翻译
《高等学校研究生英语综合教程-上》1-5单元原文及翻译Unit OneTRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERSDavid G. Jensen核心员工的特征大卫·G．詹森1 What exactly is a key player? A "Key Player" is a phrase that I've heard about from employers during just about every search I've conducted. I asked a client - a hiring manager involved in a recent search - to define it for me. "Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done. On my team of seven process engineer and biologists, I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without," he said. "Key players are essential to my organization. And when we hire your company to recruit for us, we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just that: the staff that another manager will not want to see leave. We recruit only key players."1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。
研究生英语综合教程上课后答案
研究生英语综合教程上课后答案目录Unit 1 Growing Up (1)Unit 2 Friendship (5)Unit 3公众科学观 (7)Unit 4 (10)Unit 5爱情故事 (14)Unit 6 Homework (18)Unit 7 (22)unit8关于懒散少年的寓言故事 (27)Unit 1 Growing Up为自己而写——拉塞尔·贝克从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。
在这之前，我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都感到腻味。
我觉得英文语法枯燥难懂。
我痛恨那些长而乏味的段落写作，老师读着受累，我写着痛苦。
弗利格尔先生接我们的高三英文课时，我就准备着在这门最最单调乏味的课上再熬上沉闷的一年。
弗利格尔先生在学生中以其说话干巴和激励学生无术而出名。
据说他拘谨刻板，完全落后于时代。
我看他有六七十岁了，古板之极。
他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐，梳得纹丝不乱。
他身穿古板的套装，领带端端正正地顶着白衬衣的领扣。
他长着古板的尖下巴，古板的直鼻梁，说起话来一本正经，字斟句酌，彬彬有礼，活脱脱一个滑稽的老古董。
我作好准备，打算在弗利格尔先生的班上一无所获地混上一年，不少日子过去了，还真不出所料。
后半学期我们学写随笔小品文。
弗利格尔先生发下一张家庭作业纸，出了不少题目供我们选择。
像"暑假二三事"那样傻乎乎的题目倒是一个也没有，但绝大多数一样乏味。
我把作文题带回家，一直没写，直到要交作业的前一天晚上。
我躺在沙发上，最终不得不面对这一讨厌的功课，便从笔记本里抽出作文题目单粗粗一看。
我的目光落在"吃意大利细面条的艺术"这个题目上。
这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。
贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来，当时，我们大家一起围坐在晚餐桌旁——艾伦舅舅、我母亲、查理舅舅、多丽丝、哈尔舅舅——帕特舅妈晚饭做的是意大利细面条。
研究生英语综合教程unit 1 答案
1. line1 Globalization is steadily and inexorably knitting separate national economies into a single world economy. Basic economic forces so far have outweighed political efforts to slow this trend. Efforts to buck the effects of economic integration have ranged from ant-globalization protests to Congressional efforts to prevent American companies from reincorporating abroad.1.全球化正持续不断地把各国相互独立的经济联合成一个统一的世界经济。
迄今为止，在延缓这一趋势的过程中，基本的经济力量比政治力量强大的多。
从反全球化的抗议到美国国会设法阻止美国公司在海外重组公司而做的努力都是为反对经济一体化效应而做的努力。
3. line13 Another lesser-noticed benefit is that it makes it harder for governments to sustain excessively high tax rates.3.另一个较少被关注的好处是全球化使政府很难再维持一个过高的税率。
4. line25 The main draw has been a low 10% corporate tax rate. Ireland has boomed from investment inflows and now has a per-capita income level higher than Great Britain or France.4.最具吸引力的就是10%的低水平的公司税率。
研究生综合英语(上)练习题答案Key to Exercise Unit 1
Readቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱng Focus – Vocabulary in Action
Task 1
Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence. (P.15)
高等院校研究生英语系列教材
综合教程（上）
INTEGRATED COURSE
Unit 1
Key to Exercise Unit 1 Planning your future career
新学期要求
1. 确定一课代表 2. 课代表下次上课前交给我：1）同学座位表， 每个同学固定座位不变， 便于老师清 查和熟悉。2）按学号排列的班级名单表，包括姓名，学号，手机号，每个姓名后留出 考勤的空白地方，用星号注明班里各类学生干部。 3 .英语学习时间为一年， 两学期。教材分为上下两册。本学期学习上册。每册10个单 元。第3 和第6单元同学们自学。每个单元有两篇文章， 同学自学第2篇文章. 自学的内 容都纳入考试范围。（本周5上午8点30—下午6点30课代表领3-4位同学去北院外语学院 2楼会议室领教材，上下两册53元） 2. 进度：两次课学习一个单元。第一次上课之前， 学生预 习“Starting out” 和 “Reading Focus”两个部分. 第2次课前，学生预习“Text Exploration, Critical Thinking, Practical Translation ”和“Focused Writing”. 每次课前做好讨论和回答问题的准备。学完一个单元 学生自己做课后的各种练习。 3. 考试：10个单元全考。期末卷面成绩占70%，平时成绩占30%。平时成绩包括A. 预习 情况，课堂参与讨论及回答问题的表现；B。出勤表现---迟到旷课扣分。C. 参与其他活 动的表现， 如：英语话剧表演，课堂示范讲课等。 4. 公共邮箱：yanjiushengclass@ password: fiveclass 我会把练习答案和其他 相关学习资料发到邮箱里。同学们有啥问题也可以写在邮箱里， 老师会看见回答。
研究生英语综合教程(上)Unit 1
综合教程（上）
INTEGRATED COURSE
Unit 1
Unit 1 Planning your future career
Content
Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final Project
Josh Safran graduated from American University in Washington with a business degree. He is still looking for a job. (JOSH SAFRAN) "Once you get noticed by a company, it gets a lot easier, but it’s so hard to get noticed because there’s so many people looking for so few jobs." One way to get noticed is through an internship program, says Reuben Smith-Vaughn, another graduate of American University.
Words or phrases for your reference: run a business, in possession of business, be tolerant of be considerate of , ambitious, a sense of achievement manage, endure, confident, good-tempered, cooperative open-minded, punctual, positive, flexible, generous
新编研究生综合英语教程TEXT1
ethics since the 1980s.
2. Information about research ethics
V Writing
• I Comprehension
1. Answer Questions
•
• 2. Paraphrase
IV Translation
1. English Translation
2. Chinese Translation
Judy E. Stern & Deni Elliott
bring up the urgent need to teach ethics in order to
ensure a good practice of science.
◦ Such necessity arises from the inadequacy of traditional individual mentoring in helping learn conventions of science. One aspect of research ethics concerns
1. Information about the authors 2. Information about research ethics
3. Cultural Background Information
1. Information about the authors
Judy E. Stern is a professor from Giesel School of Medicine
研究生英语综合教程第一单元课文翻译
Unit One TRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERS核心员工的特征大卫·G．詹森1What exactly is a key player? A key player is a phrase that I've heard about from employers during just about every search I've conducted. I asked a client --a hiring manager involved in a search --to define it for me.核心员工究竟是什么样子的? 几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。
我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。
“Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done.On my team of seven process engineers and biologist, I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without ，”he said.他说，每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。
在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”“Key players are essential to my organization.And when hire your company to recruit for us ,we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just that :the staff that another manager will not want to see leave .We recruit only key players .”“他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。
研究生英语综合教程unit 1 答案
1. line1 Globalization is steadily and inexorably knitting separate national economies into a single world economy. Basic economic forces so far have outweighed political efforts to slow this trend. Efforts to buck the effects of economic integration have ranged from ant-globalization protests to Congressional efforts to prevent American companies from reincorporating abroad.1.全球化正持续不断地把各国相互独立的经济联合成一个统一的世界经济。
迄今为止，在延缓这一趋势的过程中，基本的经济力量比政治力量强大的多。
从反全球化的抗议到美国国会设法阻止美国公司在海外重组公司而做的努力都是为反对经济一体化效应而做的努力。
3. line13 Another lesser-noticed benefit is that it makes it harder for governments to sustain excessively high tax rates.3.另一个较少被关注的好处是全球化使政府很难再维持一个过高的税率。
4. line25 The main draw has been a low 10% corporate tax rate. Ireland has boomed from investment inflows and now has a per-capita income level higher than Great Britain or France.4.最具吸引力的就是10%的低水平的公司税率。
研究生综合英语1课后答案复旦大学出版社Unit1
Warm-up Activities Additional lnformation for the Teacher’s Reference Text An Image or a Mirage Further Reading
Speaking Skills
Unit 1 An ImageБайду номын сангаасor a Mirage?
Winning images was first published by Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc. in 1977. Based on the theory that nothing succeeds like the appearance of success, Robert L. Shook presents in this 21-chapter book the components of the winning image, and in clear, step-by-step instructions shows the reader how to select, and then systematically create, the “right” image for him or her as well as for his or her business. This book offers helpful tips to everyone aiming for the winner’s circle. Whether you are just starting out in a new career, struggling alone, or already established, you’ll learn how to play from a position of strength, with the psychological advantage of knowing that your image is helping you to the fullest.
研究生英语综合教程上Unit1课件
e.g. Do we need to involve someone from the computer department at this stage in our discusLanguage Point
3. It deserves repeating because it is the single most public difference between academia and industry. (Para. 4)
➢ deserve: (v.) be worthy of e.g.
➢ staff: (n.) the group of people who work for an organization e.g. There is a good relationship between staff and pupils at the school.
➢ 以staff 做主语的句子，谓语动词可以是单数，也可以用复 数 e.g. The staff has been cut by a quarter over the past year. The staff are not very happy about the latest pay increase.
➢辨析 expertise (n.) 和 expert (n.; adj.)
• My mother is an __ex_p_e_r_t at dress-making. • I thought your handling of the situation was __e_x_p_e_rt__. • Mary has considerable _e_x_p_e_r_ti_se__ in French history.
新时代研究生学术英语综合教程1第一单元sectiona
文稿标题：探究新时代研究生学术英语综合教程1第一单元Section A在新时代的教育改革中，研究生学术英语的重要性日益凸显。
本文将重点围绕新时代研究生学术英语综合教程1第一单元Section A展开探讨，逐步深入，全面解读该部分内容，帮助读者更好地理解学术英语的精髓。
通过对该主题的深入挖掘，我们能够更加全面、深刻地把握研究生学术英语的要义和内涵。
1. Section A主题梳理1.1 了解研究生学术英语综合教程1第一单元Section A的主题在新时代研究生学术英语综合教程1中，第一单元Section A的主题主要集中在……[主题文字]。
本部分的内容涉及……1.2 Section A的重要性对于研究生而言，研究生学术英语是他们的学术交流和学术研究的桥梁。
而Section A的学习对于建立扎实的学术英语基础具有重要意义。
本部分内容将帮助学生……[主题文字]。
1.3 Section A内容特点在Section A中，我们能够发现……[主题文字]。
这些内容特点体现出……2. 深度解读Section A内容2.1 Section A的主要内容本节中所涉及的内容主要包括……[主题文字]。
这些内容对于学生理解学术英语的……[主题文字]。
2.2 Section A的知识点解析在阅读和学习Section A的过程中，我们发现了几个重要的知识点，比如……[主题文字]。
这些知识点的深入理解将有助于……[主题文字]。
2.3 Section A的理解与运用通过对Section A的深度解读，我们能够更好地理解其中的理论知识，并能够将其运用到……[主题文字]。
3. 总结与思考3.1 总结Section A的核心观点通过对Section A内容的探究，我们可以明确认识到……[主题文字]。
这些核心观点对于我们学习和运用学术英语具有积极的指导意义。
3.2 对Section A的个人理解本文作者认为，Section A中的……[主题文字]。
研究生英语综合教程UNIT1课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)PDF版
UNIT11. Recently, one of us had the opportunity to speak with a medical student about a research rotation that the student was planning to do. She would be working with Dr. Z, who had given her the project of writing a paper for which he had designed the protocol, collected the data, and compiled the results. The student was to do a literature search and write the first draft of the manuscript. For this she would become first author on the final publication. When concerns were raised about the proposed project, Dr. Z was shocked. "l thought I was doing her a favor," he said innocently, "and besides, I hate writing!"2. Dr. Z is perhaps a bit naive. Certainly, most researchers would know that the student's work would not merit first authorship. They would know that "gift" authorship is not an acceptable research practice. However, an earlier experience in our work makes us wonder. Several years ago, in conjunction with the grant from the Fund for the Improvement of Pott Secondary Education (FIPSE), a team of philosophers and scientists at Dartmouth College 2 ran a University Seminar series for faculty on the topic "Ethical Issues in scientific Research."At one seminar, a senior researcher (let's call him Professor R) argued a similar position to that of Dr. Z. In this case Professor R knew that "gift" authorship, authorship without a significant research contribution, was an unacceptable research practice. However, he had a reason to give authorship to his student.The student had worked for several years on a project suggested by him and the project had yielded to publishable data. Believing that he had a duty to the student to ensure a publication, Professor R had given the student some data that he himself had collected and told the student to write it up. The student had worked hard, he said, albeit on another project, and the student would do the writing. Thus, he reasoned, the authorship was not a "gift."3. These two stories point up a major reason for encouraging courses in research ethics: Good intentions do not necessarily result in ethical decisions. Both of the faculty members in the above scenarios "meant well." In both cases, the faculty members truly believed that what they were doing was morally acceptable. In the first case, Dr. Z's indefensible error was that he was unaware of the conventions of the field.In particular, he seemed blissfully oblivious to the meaning of first authorship. In the second case, Professor R was do ng what he thought best for the student without taking into consideration that moral. ty is a public system and that his actions with regard to a single student have public consequences for the practice of science as a profession.4. Well-meaning scientists, such as those just mentioned, can, with the best of intentions, make unethical decisions. In some cases, such decisions may lead individuals to become embroiled in cases of 1. 最近，我们当中的一员有机会与一名医科学生谈论她正计划要做的一个实验室轮转项目。
高等学校研究生英语综合教程上下册Unit原文加翻译
上unit1——TRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERS关键员工的特征1.What exactly is a key player?A“Key Player"is aphrase that I've heard about from employers during just about every search I've conducted.I asked a client——a hiring manager involved in a recent search—to define it for me."Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done.On my team of seven process engineers and biologists,I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without,”he said."Key players are essential to my organization.And when we hire your company to recruit for us,we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just that:the staff that another manager will not want to see leave.We recruit only key players.”关键员工到底是什么?在我进行的每一次搜索中，我都会从雇主那里听到“关键员工”这个词。
研究生英语综合教程(上)第一单元 课程学习内容
Unit 1 Planning Your Future Career学习任务一、各部分任务1.Starting out1)List：some attributes of a good employer /employee;2)Topic：About Job Hopping （List）(1)some reasons for job hopping；(2)some advantages and disadvantages of switching jobs frequently；2.Reading Focus：Traits of The Key Players（reading in depth，outline）1) 学习词汇（P7-9），完成Vocabulary in Action（P15-17）；2）快速浏览，获得文章的主要内容与框架结构（10-15分钟）；3）寻读，完成Task1与Task2（P10-14）；4）仔细阅读，完成Critical Thinking（P14）3.Reading More：Why do you work？（fast reading）1) 学习词汇（P21-24），完成Vocabulary in Action（P26-27）；2）快速阅读，获得文章的主要内容与框架结构（10-15分钟）；3）寻读，完成Text Exploration（P24-25）；4）仔细阅读，完成Critical Thinking（P25）4.Practical Translation定语从句的翻译（1）（含第二单元的“定语从句的翻译（1）”）5.Focused Writing：Narrative Essays6.Final Project：Role-play the conversation on Marvin Blum’law firm二、单元任务1. Topic：Planning Your Future Career（outline）2. Vocabulary：高频词汇：work，develop，conduct，involve，essential，serve，attend，observe，attribute，drive，minor，demonstrate，employ，credit，recognize.同义词（组）（红色部分要求辨析）1）☆处理handle, cope with, deal with, process, dispose of, tackle, do with, attend to, see to；2）☆浏览；翻阅scan, skip, skim, brows;3）☆制；造；产compose, make, create, manufacture, produce, invent, design, conceive, compile；4）☆标题；名称heading, headline, caption, title, subject, topic;5）☆imagine, imaginative, imaginable, imaginary, imagery；6）☆able, unable, disable, enable, ability, inability, disability；7）☆respect, respectable,respectful, respected, respective, respecting；8）☆attend，attendance(n.)，attendant(n./a.)，attention(a.)，attentive;9）☆personnel(n.)，personal(a.)10）鼓励/舞；启迪；刺激inspire, encourage, motivate, stimulate, promote, excite, arouse, urge, spur;11）文章essay, composition, paragraphs, passage, article, paper, writing, prose；12）学分；成绩credit, grade, mark, score;13）高兴；快乐pleasure, enjoyment, delight, gladness, happiness, joy, amusement, cheer, merriness14）工作；职业vocation, occupation, profession, career, trade, business, work, job,15）非常、很very, much, very much, quite, pretty, fairly, excessively, exceedingly, rather, extremely；16）可能、大概、或许likely, probably, possibly, maybe, perhaps, liable；17）立即、马上①right away，②at once，immediately，③straight away，④promptly，⑤directly，⑥instantly，18）偶尔、有时①(every) now and then，②(every) now and again，③sometimes，④at times，⑤(every) once in a while，⑥from time to time，⑦on occasion，⑧occasionally；19）prioritize；prior（to），priority；senior，seniority；junior，juniority；major，majority；minor，minority；superior，superiority；inferior，inferiority；3.Grammar：英汉定语的比较4.Reading：Reading in depth VS fast reading5.Writing：Outline三、作业1.Spoken ExerciseTopic：Why do you work？2.Written Exercise（做在练习本上）1）Write a three-level outline of the text“Traits of The Key Players”.2）Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition on the topic: How to Become the Excellent Employee of the Company? You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given by yourself.注:（1）作文应根据题目来安排内容，并规划好篇章结构；（2）务必先写（二级以上）提纲（提纲占50%），再写正文；（3）提纲形式参考第一单元Text1的outline。
练习答案+参考译文：《研究生英语综合教程上》1-6单元
《研究生英语综合教程上》1-6单元练习参考答案Unit One Planning Your Future CareerReading Focus Traits of the Key PlayersText ExplorationTask 2 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. BVocabulary in ActionTask 1 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. B Task 2 1. public (c) 2. discipline (b)3. strength (a)4. reference (a)5. strength (d)6. public (a)7. demonstrated (b) 8. discipline (c)9. reference (c) 10. personality (a)11. disciplining (d) 12. demonstrates (a)13. public (d) 14. reference (b)15. personality (c)Task 3 1. employment 2. paid 3. adjust4. setting5. discouraged6. credit7. cite 8. demonstrate 9. teamwork 10. rulesTranslation PracticeParagraph One“一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，生意始终在进行。
这意味着一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，竞争也同样在进行。
”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一，就是要更快到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。
这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。
新时代研究生学术英语综合教程第一单元
第一单元：学术英语基础知识1. 学术英语的重要性在当今新时代，学术英语已成为研究生必备的一项基础技能。
无论是阅读英文文献、撰写学术论文还是参与国际会议，良好的学术英语能力都是至关重要的。
《新时代研究生学术英语综合教程》第一单元深入浅出地介绍了学术英语的基础知识，为我们打下了良好的学习基础。
2. 学术写作的规范要求在学术写作中，规范的语言表达和结构是非常重要的。
在第一单元中，我们学习了学术写作的规范要求，例如句子的结构、段落的逻辑连接、论证的有效性等。
这些规范要求不仅提高了我们的学术写作水平，也增强了我们的语言表达能力。
3. 专业术语和常用表达学术英语中的专业术语和常用表达是我们学习的重点之一。
掌握这些术语和表达不仅可以提高我们阅读文献的效率，也可以增强我们在学术交流中的表达准确性和自信心。
第一单元通过丰富的例句和练习，帮助我们掌握了大量的专业术语和常用表达。
4. 阅读理解和语篇分析除了语言表达能力，学术英语还需要我们具备良好的阅读理解和语篇分析能力。
《新时代研究生学术英语综合教程》第一单元通过大量的阅读材料和实例分析，帮助我们提高了阅读理解和语篇分析的能力，使我们能够更好地理解和运用学术英语。
5. 个人观点和感悟通过学习《新时代研究生学术英语综合教程》第一单元，我深刻体会到了学术英语的重要性和学习的必要性。
良好的学术英语能力不仅可以提高我们在国际学术交流中的竞争力，也能够帮助我们更好地理解和吸收国际前沿的学术成果。
我会在今后的学习中更加努力，不断提高自己的学术英语水平。
总结：《新时代研究生学术英语综合教程》第一单元为我们系统地介绍了学术英语的基础知识，包括规范要求、专业术语、阅读理解和语篇分析等方面。
通过学习，我们不仅提高了学术英语能力，也增强了对学术英语重要性的认识。
希望在今后的学习中，我们能够不断积累，努力提高学术英语能力，为将来的学术研究和交流打下坚实的语言基础。
学术英语作为一种特殊的语言体系，其重要性不仅在于能够帮助研究生更好地进行学术交流和阅读文献，更重要的是，它是融入国际学术界的桥梁，是展示学术研究成果的重要工具。
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Traits of the key players1.What exactly is a key player? A key player is a phrase that I’ve heard about from employers during just about everysearch I’ve conducted.核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。
I asked a client- a hiring manager involved in a recent search- to define it for me.我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。
Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done.“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。
On my team of seven process engineers and biologists, I’ve got two or three whom I just couldn’t live without,” he said. 在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”他说，” Key players are essential to my organization. And when we hire your company to recruit for us, we expect that you’ll be going into other companies and finding just that: the staff that another manager will not want to see leave. We recruit only key players.”“他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。
当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候，我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人：其他公司经理不想失去的员工。
我们只招募核心员工。
”2.This is part of a pep talk intended to send headhunters into competitor’s companies to talk to the mostexperienced staff about making a change.这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话，目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。
They want to hire a “key player” from another company.Every company also hires from the ranks of newbies, and what they are looking for is exactly the same.他们想从另一家公司招募核心员工。
然而，每家公司也从新人中招人。
他们要寻找的是完全一样的东西。
”W e hold them up to the standards we see in our top people. If it looks like they have these same traits. we’ll place a bet on them.” It‘s just a bit riskier.“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。
假如他们看起来有同样特征的话，我们就在他们身上赌一把。
”只是这样有点儿冒险。
3.“It is an educated guess.”Says my hiring manager client. Your job as a future employment is to help the hiringmanager mitigate that risk. You need to help them identify you as a prospective” key player.”“这是一种有根据的猜测，”我的人事经理客户说。
作为未来的一名员工，你的工作是帮助人事部经理降低这种风险，你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。
4.Trait 1: the selfless collaboratorJohn Fetzer, career consultant and chemist, first suggested this trait, which has already been written about a great deal. 职业顾问和化学家约翰·费策尔最早提出了这个特征。
关于这个特征，人们已经写了大量的文章。
It deserves repeating because it is the single most public difference between academia and industry.” It is teamwork,”says Fetzer.它之所以值得被反复谈及，是因为这一特征是学术界和企业间最明显的差别。
“这里需要合作，”费策尔说，” The business environment is less lone-wolf and competitive, so signs of being collective and selfness stand out. You just can’t succeed in an industry environment without this mindset.”“企业的环境并不需要单打独斗，争强好胜，所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。
在企业环境中，没有这样的思维方式就不可能成功。
”5.Many postdocs and grads students have a tough time showing that they can make this transition because so muchof their life has involved playing the independent-researcher role and outshining other young stars.许多博士后和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力。
5因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色，并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色。
You can make yourself more attractive to companies by working together with scientists from other laboratories and disciplines in pursuit o f a common goal-and documenting the results on your resume.你可以藉此提高在公司的吸引力：为追求一个共同的目标和来自其他实验室和学科的科学家们合作——并且为你的个人履历上的内容提供事迹证明。
This approach, combined with a liberal use of the pronoun ”we” and not just ”I” when describing your accomplishments, can change the company’s perception from a lone wolf to a selfness collaborator.这个方法，加上你在描述业绩时开明地使用代词“我们”，而不是“我”，能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变成“合作者”。
Better still, develop a reputation inside your lab and with people your lab collaborators with as a person who fosters and initiates collaborations-and make sure this quality gets mentioned by those who will take those reference phone calls.更为有利的是，要在你实验室内部，以及在和你们实验室合作的人们之间，培养一个良好声誉：一个鼓励并发动合作的人——还要保证让那些会接听调查电话的人们谈及你的这个品质。
6.Trait2: a sense of urgencyDon Haut is a frequent contributor to the discussion forum.唐-豪特是一位给aaas.sciencecareers@org网站论坛频繁写稿的撰稿人。
He is a former scientist who transitioned to industry many years ago and then on to a senior management position.他之前是一名科学家。
许多年前他转向了企业，并一直做到高级管理的职位。
Haut heads strategy and business development for division of 3m with more than $2.4 billion in annual revenues.He is among those who value a sense of urgency.他在3M公司一个部门负责策略和商业开发工作，这个部门每年上缴的税收高达24亿多美元。
他就是一个重视紧迫感的人。
“Business happens 24/7/365”, which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,” says Haut.7“一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，生意始终在进行，那意味着一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，竞争也同样在进行，”豪特说，” One way that companies win is by getting ‘there’ faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move quickly, but you have to know how to decide where ‘there’ is!“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’。