小升初小学英语阅读理解的做题技巧

小升初小学英语阅读理解的做题技巧
（一）、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。

1故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。

这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可以解决，如Write a Letter to Mary, A Dirty Boy, On the Bus 等
2小学的说明,科普类短文都十分浅显,只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的,如,Time, the Spring Festival .等,即使文章较长,问题也十分明显，从文中都能找到答案.
同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案.
1.Sam is very good at school, but he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. He washes them with water only. He does not use soap(肥皂).
Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know w hat you ate for breakfast this morning.”
“What?” Sam looks at his uncle and says.
“Eggs” says his uncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.”
“You are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(前天)!”( )(1).Who is Sam?
A. He is English.
B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher.
( )(2) What’s the Chinese for “dirty”?
A. It’s “ 脏的“. B It’s “干净的” C It’s “坏的“ D It’s “好的”
( )(3) What’s on Sam’s face and mouth?
A Eggs.
B Soap
C Water
D Bread
( )(4) Which of these is not wrong?
A Sam doesn’t wash his face and hands every day.
B. The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning.
C Sam doesn’t like eggs at all.
D. Sam doesn’t know his uncle.
2.Hen(母鸡): There is some rice here. Eat it like this,my children.
Chickens: Like this, Mother?
Hen: Yes,that’s right, good.
Eagle(鹰): There are some chickens here. I want to eat them.
Hen: Don’t worry, my children . Let me do with it.
Eagle:Can you let me eat some chickens,Mrs.Hen?
Hen:No, you can’t. There is a hunter(猎人)near here.
Eagle: I must go now.
Hen: Let’s go home, my children.
Chickens: All right.
( )(1) The chicken likes to eat the ____.
A hen
B rice
C chicken
D his children
( )(2) The hen _____look after her children.
A can
B can’t
C is
D isn’t
( )(3)______saves the chickens.
A The hunter.
B The hen
C The eagle
D A man
( )(4)The eagle can’t eat_____ at last.
A the chickens
B go.
C the hunter
D the hen
（二）、解题时有以下几种方法：
（1）略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。

要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图，而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。

要学会寻找文章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。

（2）查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后加以阅读就行。

查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。

（3）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释法。

（4）判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该意识到该题是一个判断推理题。

要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。

（三）、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些？
１、弄清文章体裁，快速理解文章。

对不同体裁的文章，要根据其体裁特点，运用不同的方法快速阅读，正确理解。

记叙文一开始交待人物、时间、地点、事件，然后详细叙述原因。

议论文中，作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得出结论。

说明文中，作者先提出说明对象，然后从时间、空间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。

２、仔细研读首尾句，预测文中细节。

小学升学考试英语文章往往隐去了标题，这给抓文章中心带来了困难。

然而，英语的写作特点一般是按"总-分-总"这一思路来写的。

因此，研读首、尾句，不但可以帮助考生抓住文章的内容，还可以揣测作者的态度、意图，从而进一步猜出作者着重要写的细节。

３、略读选答，带问阅读。

做英语阅读理解题时，首先应浏览一遍所提问题及选项，然后带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。

４、联系生活常识，及早排除错误选项。

阅读理解中四个选项，有时有一个或两个与常识或其他学科中所学的知识不相符。

我们可先将其排队在阅读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就容易多了。

5、解题前要仔细通读全文，遇到难解的词组和句子不要急躁，尽量根据上下文悟出其义，解题时要"带着问题读查短文"分析判断，整题解完后要认真复查。

6、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯。

有的考生先看题目后看文章，有的先看文章再看题目，你平时怎么练，考试就怎么做。

临时改变自己的习惯效果往往不好。

其次，看清楚题目是概括中心型还是推理判断性。

概括某一段的中心时注意这一段的首句和尾句；推理判断题要注意题目问的是作者的态度，不是你的态度。

二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解阅读理解
My Wonderful Holiday in China
In Beijing, I visited the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, Tiananmen Square and the Summer Palace. I also met all Bill's friends and family.
Last week, Bill's family took me to Xi'an by train. Xi'an is in the northwest of China. We visited the Terracotta Army there. They are so amazing! We also ate some delicious noodles there.
Then we went to Sichuan. It's in the southwest of China. First, we went to see the pandas in Wolong. They are very cute. Then we climbed Mount Emei. The mountain is very beautiful. We saw many funny monkeys on our way. I was very tired, but very happy. We ate some delicious hot pot there. Sichuan is famous for hot pot.
Tibet is in the southwest of China, too. We went there by plane from Sichuan. It was sunny and hot in Tibet, but there was still snow on the mountains. We visited the famous Potala Palace and took many photos.
Questions:
（1）What places did Ted visit in Beijing?
（2）Where did Ted go last week? What did he do there?
（3）What is Sichuan famous for?
（4）What did they see on Mount Emei?
【答案】（1）In Beijing, Ted visited the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, Tiananmen Square and the Summer Palace.
（2）Last week, Ted went to Xi'an. He visited the Terracotta Army there and ate some delicious noodles there.
（3）Sichuan is famous for hot pot.
（4）They saw many funny monkeys on Mount Emei.
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了泰德去北京，西安，四川和西藏旅游了。

（1）句意：泰德在北京参观了哪些地方？根据In Beijing, I visited the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, Tiananmen Square and the Summer Palace. 可知在北京，特德参观了长城、紫禁城、天安门广场和颐和园，故答案为In Beijing, Ted visited the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, Tiananmen Square and the Summer Palace.
（2）句意：泰德上周去哪儿了？他在那里做了什么？根据Last week, Bill's family took me to Xi'an by train. We visited the Terracotta Army there. We also ate some delicious noodles there. 可知上周，特德去了西安。

他参观了那里的兵马俑，在那里吃了一些美味的面条，故答案为Last week, Ted went to Xi'an. He visited the Terracotta Army there and ate some delicious noodles there.
（3）句意：四川以什么闻名？根据 Sichuan is famous for hot pot. 可知四川以火锅闻名，故答案为 Sichuan is famous for hot pot.
（4）句意：他们在峨眉山上看到了什么？根据 Then we climbed Mount Emei. We saw many funny monkeys on our way. 可知他们在峨眉山上看到许多有趣的猴子，故答案为They saw many funny monkeys on Mount Emei.
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行回答。

3．阅读理解阅读理解
This is Ted's China diary.
Saturday, July 23 Sunny and hot Bill's family took me to Xidan today. It's a famous shopping centre in Beijing.
We went to Xidan Bookshop first. Bill's father bought some books for me. He bought two English books about China and one English-Chinese dictionary. I am happy because now I can learn more about China and also learn more Chinese.
Next we went to a big shopping mall. First I bought a lovely toy panda for my cousin. I also bought silk scarves for my mum and Tina, and a silk shirt for my dad. Then Bill took me to a special kite shop. There were so many beautiful kites. Bill bought me a kite that looks like a bird. Bill is going to teach me to fly it tomorrow.
Last, we went to a restaurant. We ate delicious Beijing duck there. I really like Chinese food. Questions:
（1）Who took Ted to Xidan?
（2）Where did Ted go first?
（3）What did they eat at the restaurant?
（4）What are Ted and Bill going to do tomorrow?
【答案】（1）Bill's family.
（2）He went to Xidan Bookshop first.
（3）They ate delicious Beijing duck there.
（4）Bill is going to teach Ted to fly the kite tomorrow.
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了泰德的日记。

（1）句意：谁带泰德去西单？根据Bill's family took me to Xidan today. 可知比尔的家人。

，故答案为 Bill's family.
（2）句意：泰德先去哪儿了？根据We went to Xidan Bookshop first. 可知他先去西单书店，故答案为 He went to Xidan Bookshop first.
（3）句意：他们在餐馆吃了什么？根据 We ate delicious Beijing duck there. ，可知他们在那里吃了美味的北京烤鸭，故答案为 They ate delicious Beijing duck there.
（4）句意：泰德和比尔明天要做什么？根据 Bill bought me a kite that looks like a bird. Bill is going to teach me to fly it tomorrow. 可知比尔明天要教泰德放风筝，故答案为 Bill is going to teach Ted to fly the kite tomorrow.
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行回答。

4．阅读理解阅读短文，判断下列句子的对错。

One day a crow found a piece of meat. She picked it up in her mouth and flew to a tall tree. She was just going to eat the meat when a fox saw her. He came and stood under the tree and said," How pretty you are! My dear friend, you must be the most beautiful bird in the world."
The crow was very happy by these words. Then the fox said," I can you see your pretty face, but I have not heard your voice. Why don't you sing a song?"
The crow opened her mouth and began to sing. As she opened her mouth, she lost her meat. The fox picked up the meat at once and went away with it. The crow was very angy.
（1）The crow found a piece of meat.
（2）Before the crow ate the meat, she met a fox.
（3）The fox asked the crow to dance.
（4）The crow was very clever.
（5）The crow was pretty.
【答案】（1）1
（2）1
（3）0
（4）0
（5）0
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】这是狐狸和乌鸦的寓言故事。

（1）句意：乌鸦发现了一块儿肉。

根据短文叙述One day a crow found a piece of meat.（一天，乌鸦发现了一块儿肉。

）可知题目叙述正确。

故答案为：正确。

（2）句意：在乌鸦吃肉之前，它遇到了狐狸。

根据短文叙述She was just going to eat the meat when a fox saw her.（当一只狐狸看到它时，它刚要吃肉。

）可知题目叙述正确。

故答案为：正确。

（3）句意：狐狸要求乌鸦跳舞。

根据短文叙述 Why don't you sing a song?（你为什么不唱歌呢？）可知是唱歌。

题目叙述错误。

故答案为：错误。

（4）句意：乌鸦很聪明。

根据短文叙述 As she opened her mouth, she lost her meat（当她张开嘴时，她丢了她的肉。

）可知不聪明。

故答案为：错误。

（5）句意：乌鸦很漂亮。

根据短文叙述 The fox picked up the meat at once and went away with it（狐狸立刻捡起肉跑走了。

）可知狐狸是为了肉来赞美乌鸦。

乌鸦不漂亮。

故答案为：错误。

【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。

首先仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文叙述来判断正误。

5．阅读理解读短文，判断下列句子与短文内容是否一致
Everyone wants to have good manners, but it is not so easy. We must care about everything in life. There is something we should know.
First, say "hello" to people you meet, not only to teachers, but also to your friends and your classmates, and even your neighbors. Second, help others as much as you can. Then everybody will like you. Third, don't laugh at others. That will be impolite and hurt them. Fourth, never ask
others about their personal information. If others have something that they cannot say, they will be very embarrassed.
Good manners make things easier. They can help people to get on well with each other. When you are nice to people, they will be nice to you.
（1）Everyone wants to have good manners, but it is not so easy.
（2）It is very important to have good manners.
（3）We just take care of ourselves, and everything will be fine.
（4）We shouldn't ask others about their personal information.
（5）Good manners can help people to get on well with each other.
【答案】（1）1
（2）1
（3）0
（4）1
（5）1
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了礼貌在人生活中的重要性。

（1）句意：每个人都想有礼貌，但这并不容易。

根据Everyone wants to have good manners, but it is not so easy. 可知每个人都想有礼貌，但这并不容易，故答案为正确。

（2）句意：礼貌是非常重要的。

根据 Good manners make things easier. 可知礼貌是非常重要的，故答案为正确。

（3）句意：我们只是照顾好自己，一切都会好起来的。

根据Second, help others as much as you can. Then everybody will like you. 可知尽你所能帮助别人。

那么每个人都会喜欢你的，故答案为错误。

（4）句意：我们不应该询问他人的个人信息。

根据Fourth, never ask others about their personal information. 可知我们不应该询问他人的个人信息，故答案为正确。

（5）句意：良好的礼仪可以使人和睦相处。

根据Good manners make things easier. They can help people to get on well with each other. 可知良好的礼仪可以使人和睦相处，故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

6．阅读理解阅读理解
One day, a monkey was looking for food. He came to a fence. There were a lot of big peaches inside the fence. He tried to get inside. But he failed. At last, he found a hole in the fence. But the hole was too small for him to go through.
"What should I do?" the monkey thought. He wandered around the fence.
Day after day, the monkey became thinner and thinner. At last, he could get through the fence. He ate a lot of peaches. He became fatter and fatter.
He wanted to go outside, but the hole was too small for him. He couldn't eat anymore! He waited and waited. Eventually, he became thin enough to go out.
（1）The monkey wanted to find some ________.
A. drink
B. foot
C. food
（2）There were a lot of ______ inside the fence.
A. apples
B. peaches
C. oranges
（3）The monkey went through the fence from ______.
A. small hole
B. a road
C. a river
（4）Did the monkey eat the peaches?
A. Yes, he did.
B. No, he didn't.
C. We don't know.
（5）How did he go out the fence?
A. He jumped out.
B. By bike.
C. He became thin enough.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）A
（5）C
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】这是一篇猴子偷桃的寓言故事。

（1）根据短文叙述One day, a monkey was looking for food.“一天，一只猴子正在寻找食物。

”可知想要找的食物。

C选项正确。

故答案为：C。

（2）根据短文叙述There were a lot of big peaches inside the fence.（在围栏内有许多大桃子。

）可知是桃子。

B选项正确。

故答案为：B。

（3）根据短文叙述At last, he found a hole in the fence.（最后，他发现了围栏上有个洞。

）可知从洞里进入的。

A选项正确。

故答案为：A。

（4）根据短文叙述He ate a lot of peaches.（他吃了很多桃子。

）可知用肯定回答。

A 选项正确。

故答案为：A。

（5）根据短文叙述Eventually, he became thin enough to go out.（最终，他变得足够瘦能够出来。

）可知是变瘦。

C选项正确。

故答案为：C。

【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。

首先仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文的相关叙述，来选择正确的答案。

7．阅读理解根据短文内容判断下列各句的正误
Dear Cindy,
Please come to my twelfth birthday party at 6:00 p.m. on Saturday. Now I will tell you how to come to my home.
Start from the hospital behind your home. Turn right at the hospital. Then go straight for 10 minutes. After that, turn left at the library. My home is near the library. It's in a yellow building. My home is on the ninth floor.
Yours,
Lucy （1）Lucy is eleven years old.
（2）Cindy's home is in front of the hospital.
（3）Cindy should turn left at the hospital.
（4）Lucy's home is near the library.
（5）Lucy lives on the tenth floor.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）0
（4）1
（5）0
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】大意：露西写给辛迪信件，告诉露西来参加她的十二岁生日聚会，聚会的时间，地点，怎样到达露西家。

（1）句意：露西十一岁了。

根据Please come to my twelfth birthday party at 6:00 p.m. on Saturday. 可知露西十二岁了。

故答案为错误。

（2）句意：辛迪的家在医院前面。

根据 Start from the hospital behind your home. 可知辛迪的家在医院前面。

故答案为正确。

（3）句意：辛迪应该在医院左转。

根据Turn right at the hospital. 可知辛迪应该在医院右转。

故答案为错误。

（4）句意：露西的家在图书馆附近。

根据My home is near the library. 可知露西的家在图书馆附近。

故答案为正确。

（5）句意：露西住在十楼。

根据 My home is on the ninth floor. 可知露西住在九楼。

故答案为错误。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译信件内容，然后根据信件内容，判断句子正确或错误。

8．阅读理解阅读短文，判断句子正误。

My name is Eric. I am 11 years old. I am tall. I wear glasses. I like sports and I like dogs very much. Now I live in a tall building with my family. My new home is on the fifth floor. There is a big bed and a computer in my new room. But four years ago, it was different. I was not tall. I didn't wear glasses. I was quiet. I often stayed at home. I didn't like sports. At that time, I lived in a small house. There was no computer in my old room.
（1）Eric is tall now.
（2）Eric's new home is on the second floor.
（3）Eric didn't wear glasses four years ago.
（4）Eric liked sports four years ago.
（5）There was a computer in Eric's old room.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）1
（4）0
（5）0
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：埃里克的自我介绍。

（1）句意：埃里克现在很高。

根据I am tall.可知埃里克很高。

故答案为：正确。

（2）句意：埃里克的新家在二楼。

根据My new home is on the fifth floor.可知他的新家在五楼。

故答案为：错误。

（3）句意：四年前埃里克不戴眼镜。

根据But four years ago, it was different.I didn't wear glasses.可知四年前他不戴眼镜。

故答案为：正确。

（4）句意：四年前埃里克喜欢运动。

根据I didn't like sports.可知埃里克过去不喜欢运动。

故答案为：错误。

（5）句意：在埃里克的旧房间里有一台电脑。

根据There was no computer in my old room.可知在他的的旧房间里没有电脑。

故答案为：错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解，浏览文章大意把握细节。

答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确判断。

9．阅读理解根据短文选择正确的答案.
Last night, Tom got on a bus. He was lucky to have a seat near the window. He opened his newspaper and began to read.
After passing a few bus stops, a woman got on the bus with a big basket. There were no empty seats. She came and stood right beside Tom.
At that moment, Tom was reading his newspaper and didn't see her. A few minutes later he looked up and put his newspaper in his pocket (口袋). He tried to get out of his seat, but the woman pushed (推) him back into his seat quickly.
He tried to stand up again, but again the woman pushed him back into his seat. Then she said, "please don't stand up. I don't want men to give their seat on buses. men and women are equal (平等的) now." But Tom looked at her angrily and said ," This time I am really going to stand up, madam. You've made me miss two bus stops and I'm too tired to miss the next one, too,"
After hearing this, the woman was very embarrassed (尴尬) and let him go.
（1）Tom got on a bus last night. He sat .
A. near the door
B. near the window
C. near the bus stop
（2）The woman didn't want Tom to give her the seat because .
A. she is younger than Tom
B. Tom is a little boy
C. she didn't like to get a seat from a man
（3）The underlined word in Chinese.
A. 错过
B. 怀念
C. 遺忘
（4）According to the passage, which order (顺序) is right?
a. Tom got on the bus.
c. The woman let Tom go.
b. The woman stood next to Tom.
d. The woman pushed Tom back into his seat.
A. d b a c
B. a b d c
C. a b c d
（5）According to the passage, how did Tom go home at last?
A. By bus.
B. By subway.
C. We don't know.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
（5）C
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】这是一个发生在公交车上让座误会的故事。

（1）根据短文叙述Last night, Tom got on a bus. He was lucky to have a seat near the window.（昨天晚上，汤姆上了公交车。

他很幸运的得到了一个靠窗户的座位。

）可知B 选项正确。

故答案为：B。

（2）根据短文叙述please don't stand up. I don't want men to give their seat on buses. men and women are equal now. （请不要站起来。

我不想要男人在公交车上让座。

现在男女平等。

）可知C选项正确。

故答案为：C。

（3）根据短文叙述You've made me miss two bus stops and I'm too tired to miss the next one, too.（你已经让我错过了两站并且我太累了不想错过下一站。

）可知A选项正确。

故答案为：A。

（4）根据短文叙述顺序是：汤姆上车；然后上来一位妇女站在汤姆旁边；汤姆想站起来，但是被妇女推到座位上；最后这位妇女才让汤姆下车。

B选项正确。

故答案为：B。

（5）根据短文叙述最后短文没有讲汤姆如何回家。

C选项正确。

故答案为：C。

【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。

仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文的细节叙述来选择合适的答案。