博士入学考试英语中常见的翻译词汇

分类词汇

homogeneous 同质的homo + gene +ous(＜＞heterogeneous)^ homo***ual, hetero***ual mainstream 主流主流的

dialect 方言(v.s. accent)

discrepancy 差异

misconception 误解(mis + concept + ion)= misunderstanding

barrier 障碍(物)~ bar, = barricade

discrimination 区别，歧视racial/***ual discrimination? discriminate (+against)

hierarchy 等级制度heir + arch(govern) + y

insularity 岛国性质(? insular, ^island)British industry has often been criticized for its linguistic insularity.

microcosm 小天地micro + cosm(os)

nostalgia = homesickness

patriot 爱国者 (＜＞traitor)à patriotic, patriotism

notoriety 恶名 (? notorious)

counterpart 对应人，对等物Who’s George Bush’s counterpart in China?^ counterculture, counterbalance

peer 同等的人凝视，窥视(~ peep)

subordinate 下级下级的＜＞superior

tactics 战术，技巧v.s. strategy (战略，策略)marketing strategy v.s. selling tactics

nuance a subtle difference in meaning

compatriot 同胞同胞的com + patriot

vernacular 本地的，本国的本地话，本国话the vernacular languages of India

Hispanic An American whose first language was Spanish

immigration 移入~ immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration (~ emigrant, emigrate)

antipodes Any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earth“from North America to the Antipodes”

permeate 渗透，弥漫Smoke permeated the house.

entrepreneur 企业家 (~ enterprise)à entrepreneurship

practitioner 开业者，从业者praction(practice) + er

celebrity a famous person= luminary, VIP

proxy 代理人

anecdote 轶事(à anecdotal)

benchmarking 类比分析

punctual 准时的，守时的(à punctuality)

absenteeism 旷工absent à absentee à absenteeism

flextime 弹性工作时间flex(flexible) + time

harass 骚扰(à harassment)Mary said that Gary had ***ually harassed her.

redundancy 冗余，冗员network redundancy

downsize 裁员 (~ lay off)

ballot 投票(= vote)

impartial 不偏不倚的(＜＞partial)

lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)

dubbing 配音录制

vogue 时尚^ chic

bizarre 奇异的v.s. weird (怪异的)

mediocre 平庸的

dietitian 饮食学家 (~ diet)

connoisseur 行家，鉴赏家^ entrée, a la carte

shortlist (BE) a list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen à (v.)

equilibrium 平衡，均衡

questionnaire 调查表，问卷

quantitative 定量的 (＜＞qualitative)

contingency 偶然性，偶然事件

incur 招致incur debts/hatred/dangerv.s. occur, concur, recur

ethical 伦理的，符合伦理的~ ethics, ＜＞unethical

dubious 疑惑的，可疑的(~ doubt)People were dubious about the result.

manifestation 显示，证明(? manifest)

subtitle 字幕，副标题(sub + title)^ subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE: underground, tube), suburb(~ downtown, uptown, outskirts

考博英语翻译中可能涉及的热点词汇

总裁助理assistant president

综合治理comprehensive treatment

安居工程housing project for low-income urban residents

信息化information-based;informationization

智力密集型concentration of brain power;knowledge-intensive

外资企业overseas-funded enterprises

下岗职工laid-off workers

分流reposition of redundant personnel

三角债chain debts

素质教育education for all-round development

豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects

社会治安情况law-and-order situation

民族国家nation state

台独"independence of Taiwan"

台湾当局Taiwan authorities

台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots

台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。Taiwan is an inalienable part ofthe Chinese territory.

西部大开发Development of the West Regions

可持续性发展sustainable development

风险投资risk investment

通货紧缩deflation

扩大内需to expand domestic demand

计算机辅助教学computer-assisted instruction(CAI)

网络空间cyberspace