高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)

高中英语：主谓一致

知识总结归纳

一、概念：主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。这是英语

语法中必须遵循的基本规则。

二、主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：语法一致，就近一致和意义一致。

（一）、语法一致：主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。

e.g. I often help him and he often helps me. We often help each other.

不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用复数。

1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语：

①The worker and writer ______(be) from Wuhan.那个工人兼作家

②The worker and the writer ______ (be) from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家

③The secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were

（1）这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：

①My brother and I have both seen that film.

②Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.

③The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting.

（2）这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物，谓语动词用单数形式,这时

and 后面的名词前没有冠词。例：

①The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.

②War and peace is a constant theme in history.

③One more knife and fork is needed.

④Bread and butter is our daily food.

⑤Law and order has been established.

（3）这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例句：

①Each doctor and（each）nurse was given a new shirt.

②No sound and no voice is heard.

③Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.

④Every minute and every second is precious.

2. 动名词，不定式，主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：

①Reading is a great pleasure in life.

②To live means to create.

③That we need more time is obvious.

④What is needed is food and medicine.

3. 表示时间，金钱，距离，重量的复数名词表示数量做主语时，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。

例句：

①Three thousand miles is a long distance.

②Eight hours of sleep is enough.

③Ten dollars is enough for him.

④Fifty kilograms is not too long to be carried

4. 不定代词anyone, anything, everyone, everything, someone, something, no one, nothing, each the other 等做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：

①Is anybody going to tell him the news ?

②Someone wants to see you.

③Anybody who _______ ( break / breaks) the rule will be punished.

5.倒装句中的语法一致

①Two pictures ______ on the wall, which attract many people.

②On the wall _____ two pictures, which attract many people.

③Their teacher ______ among the students, who is in her thirties.

④Among the students _____ their teacher, who is in her thirties.

（二）就近原则

1、由连词or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, 连接的两个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词和离它最近的哪个名词或代词的人称和数一致。例句：

①. Either you or Jean is to be sent to New Zealand.

②. Not only his family but also he likes Chaplin’s movies.

③. Neither Tom nor the Browns enjoy their journey to Beijing owing to the bad weather.

④. George or Tom is wanted.

2、注意：There be句型中be 的形式由它后面的第一个名词的数决定。例句：

①. There aren’t any letters in the mail for you today.

②. There is a lamp, two pens and three books on the desk.

③. Here are some envelopes and paper for you.

3、名词后面带有with, along with, together with, besides, except, but, like, including, as well as, rather than短语共同做主语时，谓语动词与这些短语前面的那个名词的数一致。例句：

①. All but one were here just now.

②. A library with five thousand books is offered to that nation as a gift.

③. An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work.

④. You as well as I are wrong.

（三）意义一致

1. 代词none, neither, all的不可数形式还是复数形式由它们指的内容决定例句：

（1）All hope has gone.

（2）All are agreed on this point.

（3）—Is there any milk in the fridge? —No, there is none.

（4）None has returned from the meeting.

2. 集合名词group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, audience, club, party, crew等名词等作主语时,如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式,如果看成其中各成员，则用复数形式. 例句The army is going to remain in this town. The army have rescued the travelers.

His family _______very large.His family _______music lovers.

The group ____ made up of nine students. The group____ dancing happily

注意：集合名词cattle, clothes, people, the police表示复数意义，谓语动词永远复数。people 民族（可数名词，peoples)

3. 限定词短语all of…; none of…; a lot of…; 以及分数/百分数+of ….修饰名词构成的名词短语做主语时，谓语动词的形式由of 后面的名词形式决定。例句：

（1）None of these suggestions are very helpful.

（2）I don’t think any of us wants to work tomorrow.

（3）Two-fifths of the students in the class are from Arabic-speaking countries.

4、代词作主语

Neither dog _____ big. ( A. is B. are ) Neither of them _____ big. ( A. is B. are )

Neither rabbit _____ handsome. ( A. is B. are )

Neither of the rabbits _____ handsome.. ( A. is B. are )

（neither + 单数名词→谓语动词用单数；none／neither of+可数名词谓语动词用单数或复数；