高一英语分词详解+习题+答案
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分词的用法及练习
1 The story is interesting . I’m interested in it .
这个故事有兴趣,我对这个故事感兴趣。
2 . This is a moving film .
这是一部动人的电影。
3. The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the president .
秘书工作到深夜,为主席准备一篇长篇演讲稿。
4. Given more time , I’ll do it well .
如果给我多一点时间,我会做的更好。
When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the bank .
当他后街时,看到小偷正从银行偷钱。
应注意的几个问题:
1.现在分词与过去分词的区别
Do you know the woman talking to Tom ?
= Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom ?
The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.
= The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor.
China is a developing country and America is a developed country.
2.分词作表语
The news sounds encouraging .
They got very excited .
1)现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别:
The news is interesting .
He is interested in the news .
doing 作表语,主语与表语是主谓关系;done 作表语,主语与表语是动宾关系。
2)表语与被动式的区别:
The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming .(强调动作)
The blackboard is broken . You’d better have it repaired.(强调状态) 3)常作表语的过去分词:
amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done
3.现在分词、动名词现在进行时的区别
The situation in our country is encouraging . (表语)
The situation in our country is encouraging the people . ( 现在进行时) My job is looking after the little baby . (动名词)
能回答how-question 的是现在分词,能回答what-question 的动名词,即不能回答how-question 也不能回答what-question 的是现在进行时。
例如: How is the situation in our country ? It is encouraging .
What is your job ? My job is looking after the little baby . 4.注意的四种结构:
have something to do 有某事要做
have something done 使某事被做
have somebody do something 使某人做某事
have something doing 让某事一直做着
5.需要跟反身代词作宾语的动词:
seat , prepare , hide , dress
如:I seated myself on the chair .
I was seated on the chair .
6.分词做状语与不定式的区别:
分词做状语表示时间、原因、让步、条件、方式、伴随等;而不定式表示目的和结果。
Having finished the homework , I went home . (时间)
Being a Party member , I should work hard . (原因)
Given more time ,I can do my work better . (条件)
He ran out of the classroom ,shouting at the boy. (伴随)
To get more knowledge , we must work harder and harder . ( 目的 )
He is old enough to join the army . (结果)
7.分词、动名词和不定式作定语的区别
a running horse 现在分词 = a horse that is running
a fallen leaf 过去分词 = a leaf that has already fallen
a walking stick 动名词 = a stick for walking
something to do 不定式 = something that I should do
8.不定式被动式、分词的被动式和过去分词的区别:
I have a problem to be discussed at the meeting . ( 将来)
The building being built on the river is the Science Museum . (正在进行)
The building completed three years ago is now in bad conditions . (过去)
9.分词做状语需要注意的一个问题:
分词与句子主语的逻辑关系
Seeing from the hill , the city looks beautiful .( 错误 )
Seen from the hill , the city looks beautiful . (正确)
Seeing 与the city 不是主谓关系;seen 与city 是动宾关系
分词实战演练:
1.The boy went to the ball, _ like a pretty girl.
A. dressing
B. wearing
C. wore
D. dressed
2. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
A. Dressed
B. To dress
C. Dressing
D. Having dressed
3. The film was made _ on a true old story.
A. base
B. to be based
C. based
D. basing
4. When _ ,the museum will be open to the public next year.
A. completed
B. completing
C. being completed
D. to be completed
5. _ to his research, he almost forgot everything.