过去分词短语 作状语
过去分词短语作状语与主句主语
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过去分词短语作状语与主句主语过去分词短语作状语与主句主语引言过去分词短语是英语语法中非常常见的一种短语结构,它被广泛用于修饰句子的主语或谓语,使句子更加清晰和具有描述性。
本文将重点讨论过去分词短语作状语与主句主语的关系,并深入探讨在不同上下文中它们的作用和语义。
一、过去分词短语作状语1. 表时间:过去分词短语可以用来修饰动词,表示动作或状态发生在句子中描述的时间之前。
例如:(1) Having finished his homework, he went out to play.(做完作业后,他出去玩了。
)(2) Exhausted from the long journey, I fell asleep as soon as I got home.(因为长途旅行而筋疲力尽,我一到家就睡着了。
)2. 表原因:过去分词短语还可以表示某个动作或状态是因为另一个动作或状态的发生导致的。
例如:(1) She missed the bus, being late for work.(她错过了公交车,因为迟到上班。
)(2) The team lost the match, having made too many mistakes.(由于犯了太多错误,队伍输掉了比赛。
)3. 表方式:过去分词短语可以描述动作的方式或方式。
例如:(1) He drove the car, carefully avoiding any obstacles.(他小心地开车,避开了任何障碍。
)(2) She completed the project, skillfully using her knowledge.(她运用自己的知识,熟练地完成了项目。
)二、过去分词短语作主句主语过去分词短语还可以作为主句的主语,这时它在句子中扮演的角色更加突出,通常表示被动或完成的动作。
1. 表示被动:过去分词短语作为主句主语时,通常表示主语所受到的动作或影响。
过去分词作状语的用法归纳
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过去分词作状语的用法归纳
1. 哎呀,当过去分词表示被动或完成的时候,就可以作状语啦!就像“He was deeply moved by the story.”这里的“moved”就是被故事深深打动呀。
2. 嘿,要是过去分词用来表达原因,那也是很妙的哟!比如说“Frustrated by the failure, he almost gave up.”这“Frustrated”不就是因为失败而沮丧嘛。
3. 哇塞,当过去分词表示时间,这多神奇呀!像“Seen from the top of the mountain, the view is amazing.”看到没,“Seen”就是从山顶被看到那个时间点呀。
4. 哟呵,过去分词表示条件的时候,是不是很有意思呀!例如“If prepared well, you will do great.”这里的“prepared”就是如果准备好这个条件呀。
5. 哈哈,过去分词还能表示让步呢!像“Though beaten many times, he still doesn't give up.”“beaten”就是尽管被打击很多次啦。
6. 哎呀呀,当表示方式或伴随的时候,过去分词也能上呀!比如“She sat there, lost in thought.”“lost”不就是那种伴随的状态嘛。
7. 嘿呀嘿呀,过去分词作状语的时候,可真是变化多端呢!就像“Surrounded by his friends, he feels happy.”“Surrounded”就是周围被朋友围着呀。
8. 哇哦,过去分词这么有用,大家可得好好掌握呀!
总之,过去分词作状语的用法很多,大家要多多练习,才能运用自如呀!。
过去分词作状语
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动词-ing或过去分词作状语, 其逻辑 主语应是主句主语。
2. If ___ the same treatment again, he’s sure to get well. A. giving B. give C. given D. being given
3. _____ in 1636, Harvard is one of the
A. followed C. to be followed
B. following D. being followed
3. The next morning she found the man _A__ in bed, dead.
A. lying C. lay
B. lie D. laying
4. I can hardly imagine Peter _B__ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying
( D)14. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases ________ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known
高考链接
(A)1. _______ more attention, the tree
could have grown better.
A. Given B. To give
C. Giving D. Having given.
(D)2. The computer center, ________ last
过去分词(短语)作状语
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过去分词(短语)作状语过去分词(短语)作状语知识点包括过去分词(短语)作状语、过去分词(短语)作状语的用法、过去分词(短语)作状语应注意的问题、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别、过去分词作表语等部分,有关过去分词(短语)作状语的详情如下:过去分词(短语)作状语过去分词(短语)作状语,修饰谓语动词,进一步说明动作发生的背景或情况,在意义上相当于状语从句,可以跟状语从句转换,表示时间、让步、结果、方式等。
其逻辑主语为句子的主语,两者之间为动宾关系。
过去分词(短语)作状语的用法1.时间状语过去分词(短语)作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句,可以在其前加上when,while,until等,使其时间意义更明确;该状语可置于句首、句尾或主语与谓语之间。
从时间意义上看,该动作常表示先于谓语动作发生,也可与谓语动作同时发生。
Told that his mother was seriously ill,Li Ping hurried home quickly.被告知妈妈病得很严重,李平急忙跑回了家。
(先于谓语动作发生)Seen from the top of the hill,the city looks more beautiful.=When(it is)seen from the top of the hill,the city looks more beautiful.从山顶上看,城市显得更美丽。
(与谓语动作同时发生)2.原因状语过去分词(短语)作原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句,多位于句首,偶尔也出现在句尾或句中。
Moved by the heroic deeds,the children couldn't help crying.孩子们被英雄事迹感动,情不自禁地哭了起来。
Lost in thought,he almost knocked into a tree.由于陷入了沉思,他差点撞到树上。
过去分词短语做状语
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过去分词或过去分词短语做状语:过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样,也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
①表时间,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时过去分词前可加连词when或while 来强调时间概念。
如:Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. 从山顶上看,这个城市就像一个大花园。
Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.入党以后,他决定献身于党的事业。
As soon as translated into English, the book became very popular in the Western World.②表原因,相当于一个原因状语从句。
如:Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了,停止了争吵。
Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.受到了讲演的鼓舞,年轻人决定起来从事斗争。
③表条件,相当于一个条件状语从句,有时过去分词前可用if等词。
如:Given another chance, he will do better.再给他一次机会,他会做得更好。
Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study English.和你哥哥相比,你应该更加努力学习英语。
If heated, water can be turned into steam. 水如果被加热,会变成水蒸气。
过去分词短语作状语课件
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注意积累
平时学习中要注意积累过去分词短语作状语的用法,建立 自己的语料库。
在学习过程中,遇到过去分词短语作状语的句子,可以摘 录下来,整理到自己的语料库中。这样不仅可以加深对这 种用法的理解,还可以在以后的写作中加以运用。
常见错误分析
总结词
纠正常见错误,提高语言准确性
详细描述
通过分析常见的错误用法,如"He is followed by his assistant.",可以指出过去分词 短语作状语常见的错误形式,帮助学习者避免类似的错误,提高语言使用的准确性。
05
如何提高过去分词短语作状语的运用能力
多读多写
通过大量的阅读和写作练习,可以提高对过去分词短语作状 语的理解和运用能力。
时间状语
总结词
表示动作发生的时间
详细描述
过去分词短语用作时间状语时,通常放在句首或句尾,用来描述某个动作发生 的时间点或时间段。例如,“Having finished his homework, he went to bed.”(完成作业后,他去睡觉了。)
Hale Waihona Puke 条件状 语总结词表示某个动作发生的条件
详细描述
简单例句分析
总结词
简单明了,易于理解
详细描述
通过简单的例句,如"He came in, followed by his assistant.",可以直观地展示过去分词短语作状语的结构和 用法。这种例句结构简单,容易理解,适合初学者学习。
过去分词短语作状语(公开课)课件
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使用过去分词短语表示某个动作发生 后所产生的结果,例如"He studied hard and ended up getting a good grade."(他努力学习,最终取 得了良好的成绩。)
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过去分词短语作状语的用 法
用于描述动作发生的原因
总结词
表示动作发生的原因
详细描述
过去分词短语可以用来描述某个动作发生的 原因,通常放在句首或句尾,用来补充说明
目的状 语
总结词
表示某个动作是为了达到某种目的而发生
详细描述
使用过去分词短语表示某个动作是为了达到某种目的而发生, 例如"To get a better job, he decided to further his education."(为了找到更好的工作,他决定继续深造。)
结果状语
总结词
表示某个动作发生后所产生的结果
单项选择题练习
要点一
总结词
通过单项选择题,学生可以熟悉过去分词短语作状语的常 见用法和语境。
要点二
详细描述
单项选择题通常会提供一段含有过去分词短语作状语的句 子,并要求学生从中选择正确的选项。这些选项通常包括 一个完整的句子和几个省略了某些成分的句子,学生需要 根据上下文语境和语法规则来判断哪个选项是正确的。
注意与相关从句的区别与联系
过去分词短语作状语与状语从 句在语法结构和意义上存在相 似之处,但也有明显的区别。
状语从句通常以连词引导,而 过去分词短语作状语则没有连 词引导。
在某些情况下,可以使用状语 从句来代替过去分词短语作状 语,但需要注意时态和语序的 调整。
05
过去分词短语作状语的练 习与巩固
分词作状语的用法
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分词作状语的用法分词作状语是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它可以使句子更加生动而有力。
本文将说明分词作状语的用法及相关注意事项。
一、分词作时间状语分词作时间状语可以表示动作发生的时间或时间先后顺序。
1. 过去分词作时间状语:Having finished his homework, he went out to play.过去分词短语作时间状语,表示主句发生的时间在过去分词的动作发生之后。
2. 现在分词作时间状语:Hearing the news, they were very excited.现在分词短语作时间状语,表示主句发生的时间在现在分词的动作发生之时。
3. 不定式短语作时间状语:To improve his English, he practices speaking every day.不定式短语作时间状语,表示主句发生的时间是为了达到不定式的目的。
二、分词作原因状语分词作原因状语可以表示动作发生的原因或原因结果关系。
1. 过去分词作原因状语:Being tired, she decided to go to bed early.过去分词短语作原因状语,表示主句发生的原因是过去分词的动作。
2. 现在分词作原因状语:Seeing the dark clouds, they decided to bring umbrellas.现在分词短语作原因状语,表示主句发生的原因是现在分词的动作。
3. 不定式短语作原因状语:To save money, he stopped eating out.不定式短语作原因状语,表示主句发生的原因是不定式的目的。
三、分词作条件状语分词作条件状语可以表示动作发生的条件或条件结果关系。
1. 过去分词作条件状语:Given the chance, he would travel around the world.过去分词短语作条件状语,表示主句发生的条件是过去分词的动作。
过去分词短语作状语
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过去分词短语作状语在英语语法中,过去分词短语可以用来作为状语。
这种状语可以用来修饰动词、形容词或者副词,以达到更加准确和生动的表达。
在本文中,我们将详细探讨过去分词短语作为状语的用法和意义,帮助读者更好地理解和运用这种语法结构。
一、过去分词短语作时间状语过去分词短语可以用来表示时间,例如:1. Having finished his homework, he went to bed early.(他做完作业后早早地睡了)2. After having breakfast, I went to work.(吃完早餐后,我去上班了)在这两个句子中,过去分词短语“having finished his homework”和“after having breakfast”分别作为时间状语,修饰了谓语动词“went to bed”和“went to work”。
这种用法可以帮助读者更加清晰地了解事件的发生顺序和时间关系,使句子更加流畅和连贯。
二、过去分词短语作原因状语过去分词短语还可以用来表示原因,例如:1. Being tired, she went to bed early.(她很累了,早早地睡了)2. Having missed the bus, he had to walk to work.(他错过了公交车,只能步行去上班)在这两个句子中,过去分词短语“being tired”和“having missedthe bus”分别作为原因状语,说明了主语行动的原因。
这种用法可以让读者更加清晰地了解事件的因果关系,使句子更加有逻辑性和连贯性。
三、过去分词短语作条件状语过去分词短语还可以用来表示条件,例如:1. Given the circumstances, we had no choice but to cancel the event.(鉴于情况,我们别无选择,只能取消活动了)2. Knowing the truth, he decided to tell the police.(知道真相后,他决定向警方报告)在这两个句子中,过去分词短语“given the circumstances”和“knowing the truth”分别作为条件状语,说明了主语行动的条件。
过去分词(短语)作表语和状语学案-高考英语二轮复习
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主要语法过去分词(短语)作表语和状语过去分词(短语)状语1.Heated, ice will be changed into water.2.Absorbed in his world of music, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world aroundhim.3.Moved by this music, he said, “It was like seeing colour for the first time.”4.Inspired, he asked his fans to make videos.5.Given another hour, I can work out this problem.6.Affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance, Henry was still capable of writingpositions.请使用状语从句改写1.Absorbed in his world of music, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world aroundhim._____________________________, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him.2.Moved by this music, he said, “It was like seeing colour for the first time.”_____________________________, he said, “It was like seeing colour for the first time.”3.Inspired, he asked his fans to make videos._____________________________, he asked his fans to make videos.4.Given another hour, I can work out this problem._____________________________, I can work out this problem.5.Affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance, Henry was still capable of writingpositions._____________________________________________________, Henry was still capable of writing positions.请使用状语从句改写二The brave soldiers continued to fight to search for the trapped in the ruins, though wounded. The brave soldiers continued to fight to search for the trapped in the ruins, ________________________________练习1.Even if invited, I will not take part in the party.________________________________ , I will not take part in the party.2.If watered in time, these flowers can grow very well.________________________________ , these flowers can grow very well.3.如果有可能,事先告诉我们结果。
过去分词短语作状语的用法
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过去分词短语作状语的用法过去分词短语作状语的用法有很多,以下是60条以上的例子:1. 修饰动词:- 滑冰时,小明跌倒了。
- 他一边读书,一边写作业。
- 她唱完了歌,向观众鞠躬。
2. 修饰形容词:- 他很困疲,连续工作了十个小时。
- 她非常兴奋,因为她被录取了。
3. 修饰副词:- 他跑得很快,追上了那个小偷。
- 他讲得很认真,大家都很受感动。
4. 表示时间:- 昨天我在图书馆看书。
- 他在军队服役了两年。
5. 表示原因:- 天气太热了,我们决定去游泳。
- 因为过去常常下雨,他没有收获到很多庄稼。
6. 表示结果:- 摔跤后,他的腿受伤了。
- 长时间的用眼使她的视力变差了。
7. 表示条件:- 如果得了好成绩,他们就会给她一个奖学金。
- 假如你赢了比赛,我会带你去庆祝。
8. 表示让步:- 尽管难以置信,他们完成了任务。
- 即使生活各方面都很困难,他也从未放弃。
9. 表示方式:- 他小声地说,以免被听到。
- 警察把他粗暴地逮捕起来。
10. 表示伴随:- 我们一起坐在海滩上看着日落。
- 在音乐声中,他们舞蹈了一整晚。
11. 表示目的:- 他去邮局寄信。
- 我们买了一些食物,为了备不时之需。
12. 表示程度:- 晚餐做得很好,大家都吃得很饱。
- 雨下得很大,我们都淋湿了。
13. 表示顺序:- 他按照指示一步一步地进行。
- 他按照说明书安装了电视。
14. 表示比较:- 她比我学得更快。
- 这部电影比预期更好看。
15. 表示条件:- 假如你想要通过考试,你就需要努力学习。
- 如果下雨,我们就会取消野餐计划。
16. 表示结果:- 失去工作,他变得沮丧。
- 她的努力得到了回报。
17. 表示时间:- 经历了许多困难,他终于实现了梦想。
- 她看了一会电视,然后出去散步。
18. 表示原因:- 由于道路交通拥堵,我们迟到了。
- 风大得让树都被吹倒了。
19. 表示让步:- 尽管工作很忙,他还是找时间陪孩子。
- 即使受伤了,他仍然坚持比赛。
什么时候过去分词作状语
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什么时候过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语是中文中的一种语法现象,它在句子中充当状语,用来表示主语动作的时间、原因、条件、方式、结果等,起到修饰动
词的作用。
它可以单独出现在句子中,也可以和连词“当…时,一…就…”连用。
在句子中,过去分词作状语时,通常表示的是已经发生的动作或
状态。
它可以表示时间的先后顺序、因果关系、条件关系、目的等。
当过去分词作时间状语时,可以表示的时间可以是过去、现在甚至是
将来。
在句子中,过去分词作状语可以使用不限于“看到、听到、了
解到、了解到、了解到、了解到、了解到、了解到、了解到、了解到、了解到发现、要求…等”
比如:
1.我走过去一看,他已经离开了。
2.我听说他进了医院,我立刻赶了过去。
3.他做完作业就去打篮球了。
4.太阳落山的时候,他还在工作。
过去分词作状语的句子有时候也可以通过改变主语的位置,将过
去分词置于主语之后,这样可以加强句子的逻辑关系,使句子更通顺。
这种句型通常通过“由于、因为、尽管、虽然、当…时,一…就…”
等连词连接。
比如:
1.由于工作繁忙,他常常加班到很晚。
2.因为生病了,他没能参加聚会。
3.虽然下雨了,但他照样去了操场。
总之,过去分词作状语是中文语法中的一种重要现象,它通过修
饰动词,增强了句子的信息量,使句子更加丰富和生动。
在写作中,
我们可以通过增加过去分词作状语的句式结构,使句子更加多样化,
达到丰富语言表达的目的。
过去分词作状语
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非谓语动词:过去分词过去分词短语作状语过去分词表示完成或被动,作状语时,表示动作发生的背景或者情况,在意义上相当于一个状语从句,其省略的主语逻辑主语是主句的主语,且与主语之间存在被动关系;过去分词作状语可以表示时间、条件、方式、原因、让步等;过去分词的否定式是将not放在其前面;一、过去分词作状语时的具体用法:1)过去分词作时间状语时,相当于一个时间状语从句;有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念.例:1. Asked When he was asked what had happened, his face turned red.当他被问及发生了什么的时候,他的脸红了;2. When heated When it is heated, water changes into steam. 当加热时,水变成水蒸气;3.Told that his mother was illWhen he was told that his mother was illl, Li Lei hurried homequickly. 李蕾得知母亲生病了时,马上赶回了家;4. Seen from the moonWhen it is seen from the moon , the earth looks green. 从月亮上看时,地球是绿色;2)过去分词作原因状语时,相当于一个由as, since, because等词引导的原因状语从句;例:1. Deeply Because they were moved by the movie, the children began to cry.由于被电影深深地感动,孩子们哭了起来;2. Frightened Because she was frightened by the horror movie, the girl didn't dare to sleepalone. 因为被惊悚电影吓坏了,这个女孩不敢单独睡觉;3. Caught in a heavy rain Because he was caught in a..., he was all wet.4. Satisfied with what he did Because the teacher was satisfied with..., the teacherpraised him in class. 由于老师对他所做的事情很满意,于是在班上表扬了他;3)过去分词作条件状语时,通常放在句子的前面,相当于if, unless等引导的条件状语从句; 例:1. Compared with you If we are compared , we still have a long way to go.和你们比起来,我们还有很长的一段路要走;2. Grown If these seeds are grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快;3. Given more time If we were given more time, we would be able to do the work muchbetter.4. Given a few minutes If I am given a few minutes, I’ll finish it. 再给几分钟的时间,我就会完成了4)过去分词作让步状语时,相当于一个以though / although引导的让步状语从句,这类分词或分词短语一般放在句子前面;例:1. Left Although he was left at home, John didn't feel afraid at all.虽然John被单独留在房间里, 他一点都不害怕;2. Invited by him Though I was invited by them , I won’t take part in the party.即使被邀请,我也不会参加聚会的;3. Explained a hundred times Although he was explained... , he still can’t understand it. 即使给他解释一百篇,她还是不会明白;4.Trained ten hours a day Though he was trained..., he will still be a fool. 即使每天训练十个小时,他也还会是个傻瓜;5)过去分词作状语表方式或伴随状语时不用状语从句替换,但可以改写成并列句;例:1.She walked out of the house, and she was followed by her little daughter.她走出房子,后面跟着她小女儿;2. She was Dressed in white, and she looked really pretty.穿着白衣服,她看起来确实很美;3.She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought.二、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别:1)过去分词表完成、被动,与主句的主语之间是被动关系;现在分词表进行、主动,与主句的主语之间是主动关系;试比较:Following the old man, we went upstairs. 跟着那个老人, 我们上了楼;= We followed the old man, and we went upstairs.Followed by the old man, we went upstairs. 我们上了楼, 后面跟着那个老人;= We were followed by the old man, and we went upstairs.Seen from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. 从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢;Seeing from space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. 从太空看,宇航员看不到长城;2)若分词主语与句中主语不一致,则可以用其他方法来修正;①用with的复合结构等.②改为相应的状语从句来表达;③给分词添加自己的主语,构成独立主格结构④改变语态;例如:完成作业后,孩子们出去踢足球了;Finished their homework, the children went out to play football. ×Their homework finished, the children went out to play football. 独立主格Having finished their homework, the children went out to play football.现在分词完成形式With their homework finished表时间, the children went out to play football. with的复合结构After finishing their homework, the children went out to play football. 介词+动名词例如:当他过马路时,一辆车撞到了他;误:Crossing the road, a car knocked him down.误:Crossed the road, he was knocked down by a car.正:Crossing the road, he was knocked down by a car. 过马路时他被车撞倒了;正:When he was crossing the road, a car knocked him down. 他过马路时车子把他撞倒了; ※注意:的由来解决状语分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致的问题,也可在分词前加一个名词或代词,使之成为分词的逻辑主语;由于加在分词前的名词或代词要用主格形式,例:He crossing the road, a car knocked him down.The job finished, we went home. 工作结束后我们就回家了;The weather being fine, we went swimming. 天气很好,我们就去游泳了;He being absent, nothing couldn’t be done. 由于他缺席,什么事也干不成;误:Barking madly,I led the dog out.正:The dog barking madly, I led it out.正:Barking madly,the dog was let out by me.正:Becuase the dog was barkling madly, I led it out.正:With the dog barking madly, I led it out.三、有些过去分词因源于系表结构,已经被形容词化;故作状语时不表被动而表主动,表示人的状态;get lost; be lost in沉溺于;be seated; be compared withbe dressed in; be born; be tired of 厌烦; be tired from be worried about表状态be interested in; be moved by; be disappointed at; be surprised at四、选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语;如分词的动作是主句的主语发出,分词就选用现在分词,反之就用过去分词;Used for a long time, the book looks old. Using the book, I find it useful.Looking at her, he jumped with joy. Looked at by her, he jumped with joy.五、正如第四点所说,不论是动词不定式作状语、-ing分词做状语,还是动词的过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语;但是,有一些非谓语动词短语已经游离出来,成为单独的短语,在句子中作状语;如:1 exactly / honestly / frankly / generally speaking, 准确地说不过去/ 老实地说/ 坦率地说/ 一般说来;例:1. Exactly speaking, he got here at eight fourteen this morning. 准确地说,今天早晨他是十八点十四分来到这里的;2. Generally speaking, a snake won’t attack a man unless it is bothered. 一般说来,蛇是不会攻击人的除非你冒犯了它;2 / by... 从/ 根据某东西判断例:1. Judging by his accent, he is from Hunan. 从他的口音来判断,他是湖南人;2. Judging from what he said, he is very honest. 从他所说的话来判断,它是很诚实的;3 providing / provided …假如/ 如果例:1. Providing he follows our advice, we can help him. 要是他按我们的建议去做,我们就能帮助他;2. Provided he is free, he is sure to come. 如果他有空,他肯定会来;4 considering... 考虑到例:1. Considering he was just a little boy, we didn’t punish him. 考虑到他还只是一个小孩,我们就没有惩罚他了;2. Considering it was late, we didn’t discuss the question. 考虑到时间不早了,我们就没有讨论这个问题了;5 ... 想到/ 考虑到例:Thinking of the environment we live in, the waste can’t be thrown away around directly. 考虑到我们所生存的环境,废物不能直接到处乱扔;6 talking of... 谈到/ 说到例:Talking of math, he became excited. 谈到数学,他就兴奋起来了;此外,还有短语:taking...into consideration 把某事考虑进去;calculating roughly, 粗略地计算;supposing... 假定;to tell you the truth 实话告诉你;to be frank 坦白地说;to begin with 首先要做的是;so to speak 可以这么说;taken as a whole 从整体上来看;put frankly, 坦率地说;鉴于等;Ilearn过去分词:作状语练习Multiple Choices Given a lever, anyone can move the earth with it.1.____ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A.TranslatingB. TranslatedC. To translateD. Having translated2.____ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.A. GivingB. Having givenC. To giveD. Given3.____ an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.A. OfferB. OfferingC. OfferedD. To offer4.____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.A. Being bittenB. BittenC. Having bittenD. To be bitten5.____ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.A. SeenB. SeeingC. Having seenD. To see6.____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.A. Having givenB. To givenC. GivingD. Given7.The island, ____ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joiningB. to joinC. joinedD. having joined8.____ from this point of view, the question will be of great importance.A. ConsideringB. ConsiderC. To considerD. Considered9.When ____ through the book, I came across an interesting picture.A. lookB. lookingC. lookedD. being looked10.____ that film, I am afraid I cannot say anything about it.A. Not having seenB. Having seenC. Having been seenD. Not seen。
过去分词短语作状语
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过去分词短语作状语非谓语动词是英语语言所特有的语言现象。
其中在学习分词的过程中应该明确,在大多数情况下分词只是从句的一种省略形式,目的在于使语言更为简练,尤其在书面语中。
所以无论是现在分词、还是过去分词都与从句的主动、被动、时态有着密切的关系。
过去分词短语在句中作状语可表示原因、时间、让步、条件、方式或伴随等。
例如:1.Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。
(表示原因)2. Once seen, it can never be forgotten.一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了。
(表示时间)3.Seen from the top of the castle, the park looks very beautiful. (表示条件)从城堡顶端看,公园十分美丽4.Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to entered the cave.虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险进山洞。
(表示让步)5.Filled with hopes and fears, he dived deep into the ocean.(表示伴随)心中充满了希望与恐惧,他跳进了深海里。
在使用过去分词作状语时, 为了体现上下两部分(句子层面)的逻辑关系, 句子中常出现过去分词和连词的连带使用,比如例2和例4那样的结构. 通过众多例句分析, 我们发现过去分词作状语以下几种情形:一、句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上是被动的关系例:_______ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm .(2004,辽宁)A.Attracting B.Attracted C. To be attracted D.Having attracted 分析:答案为B。
23.过去分词(短语)作状语
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过去分词(短语)作状语吴国斌过去分词(短语)作状语,它的逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语,过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系,即被动关系。
过去分词(短语)作状语可以表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
1.时间状语过去分词作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句。
也可在过去分词前加上连词when,while,until等,使其时间意义更明确。
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful=When it is seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful.从山顶看,城市显得更漂亮。
Don’t speak until asked to.=Don’t speak until you are asked to.当被要求发言时,你才能讲话。
2.原因状语过去分词作原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句。
Encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.=As he is encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.由于受到所取得的进步的鼓励,他工作更努力了。
3.条件状语作条件状语的过去分词(短语)可转换为if,unless等引导的条件状语从句。
United we will stand; divided we will fall.=If we are united we will stand; if we are divided we will fall.团结写就是胜利,分裂必然失败。
4.让步状语作让步状语的过去分词(短语)可转换为although,though或even if/though 等引导的让步状语从句。
Though warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.=Though they had been warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.虽然农民们已被警告将有风暴,但他们仍然在地里干活。
过去分词用作状语
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过去分词用作状语过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件;表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
过去分词可置于主句前,也可置于主句后,用逗号与主句隔开。
1. 原因状语Choked by the heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe. 他被浓烟呛了,几乎不能呼吸了。
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了。
Frightened by the noise in the ni ght, the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. 受到夜晚响声的惊吓,那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。
2. 时间状语Left to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.当被孤独地留在房间里时,婴儿哭了起来。
Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及这件事时,班长说这是他的职责。
Approached in the dark, the lights looked lonely and purposeless. 在黑暗中走近时。
那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。
3. 条件状语Seen in this aspect, the matter isn’t as serious as people generally suppose.如果从这个角度看,问题并不像人们一般预料的那样`严重。
Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。
Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided. 要是多加注意,那次事故就能避免了。
过去分词作状语的例句英语
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过去分词作状语的例句英语一.过去分词(短语)作状语表示动作发生的背景或情况,在意义上相当于一个状语从句,其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
过去分词(短语)在句中作状语可以表示时间、条件、方式或伴随、让步、原因等。
1.表示时间:过去分词(短语)做时间状语,相当于一个时间从句。
例如:Asked about his family, he made no answer=When he was asked about his family, he made no answer.当问到有关他的家庭的情况时,他没有回答。
2.表示条件:过去分词(短语)做条件状语,相当于一个条件状语从句。
这类句子的谓语动词往往用将来时或情态动词。
例如:United, we stand;divided,we fall=If we are united,we stand;if we are divided, we fall.团结,我们就能独立;分裂,我们必然倒下。
3.表示方式或伴随:过去分词(短语)做方式或伴随状语,可以转换成一个并列句。
例如:The boy slipped out of the room, followed by his pet dog=The boy slipped out of the room and was followed by his pet dog.这个男孩溜出了房间,后面跟着他的宠物狗。
4.表示让步:过去分词(短语)做让步状语,相当于一个让步状语从句。
例如:Rejected many times, the man did not lose heart=Though the man was rejected many times, he did not lose heart.虽然被拒绝了很多次,这个人并没有失去信心。
5.表示原因:过去分词(短语)作原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句。
例如:Seriously injured, he had to be taken to the hospital=Because he was seriously injured, he had to be taken to the hospital.由于伤得很严重,只好把他送往医院。
过去分词做状语
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I.过去分词作状语所表示的意义:过去分词短语作状语,可表示时间,原因,条件等,可发展为一个状语从句。
过去分词作状语可分为:一般式 (done) 表示分词动作与谓语动作同时发生或分词动作发生于谓语动作之前。
完成式 (having been done) 强调分词动作发生在谓语动作之前。
例如:Scolded (As she was scolded) by the teacher, the girl sat there without lifting her head.由于被老师批评了,那个女孩低着头坐在那儿。
II.过去分词作状语时的具体用法:1.过去分词作时间状语相当于一个时间状语从句。
例如:Asked (When he was asked) what had happened, he lowered his head.当他被问问题的时候,他低下了头。
2.过去分词作原因状语相当于一个原因状语从句。
例如:Frightened (=Because / As she was frightened) by the tiger, the girl didn't dare to sleep alone.因为害怕老虎, 这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。
3.过去分词作条件状语相当于一个条件状语从句。
例如:Grown (If these seeds are grown) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。
Given (If we were given) more time, we could do it better.如果给我们更多时间的话,我们可以做得更好。
注意:此句中的given在许多语法书中作为介词处理。
4.过去分词作让步状语相当于一个让步状语从句。
例如:Left (Although he was left) at home, John didn't feel afraid at all.虽然John被单独留在房间里, 他一点都不害怕。
过去分词短语作状语
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过去分词短语作状语非谓语动词是英语语言所特有的语言现象。
其中在学习分词的过程中应该明确,在大多数情况下分词只是从句的一种省略形式,目的在于使语言更为简练,尤其在书面语中。
所以无论是现在分词、还是过去分词都与从句的主动、被动、时态有着密切的关系。
过去分词短语在句中作状语可表示原因、时间、让步、条件、方式或伴随等。
例如:1.Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。
(表示原因)2. Once seen, it can never be forgotten.一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了。
(表示时间)3.Seen from the top of the castle, the park looks very beautiful. (表示条件)从城堡顶端看,公园十分美丽4.Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to entered the cave.虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险进山洞。
(表示让步)5.Filled with hopes and fears, he dived deep into the ocean.(表示伴随)心中充满了希望与恐惧,他跳进了深海里。
在使用过去分词作状语时, 为了体现上下两部分(句子层面)的逻辑关系, 句子中常出现过去分词和连词的连带使用,比如例2和例4那样的结构. 通过众多例句分析, 我们发现过去分词作状语以下几种情形:一、句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上是被动的关系例:_______ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm .(2004,辽宁)A.Attracting B.Attracted C. To be attracted D.Having attracted分析:答案为B。
19-20版:Grammar——过去分词(短语)作状语(创新设计)
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二、过去分词(短语)作状语时在句中的位置 [观察·感悟]
①Done in a hurry,his homework was full of mistakes. 因为做得匆忙,他的作业满是错。 ②He stood there silently,moved to tears. =Moved to tears,he stood there silently. 他静静地站在那里,被感动地热泪盈眶。 [探究·归纳] 过去分词(短语)在句中作状语时,可放在主句前作句首状语时,后面用逗号与 主句隔开;放在主句的后面时,前面用逗号与主句隔开。
she was full of tears.
由于他的话深深地感动了她,她满眼泪花。
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④Warned of the storm(= Though they were warned of the storm),the farmers were still working on the farm. 尽管被警告了风暴的到来,农民们仍在农场干活。 [探究·归纳1] 过去分词在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、 原因及让步状语从句。
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④Visited many times,the place is still worth visiting again.(让步状语) 虽然已参观了几次,这个地方仍值得再来。 ⑤He has been preparing his paper all day long,locked in his study.(方式状语) 锁在书房里,他一整天都在准备论文。 ⑥The guest walked into the room,greeted by his owner.(伴随状语) 客人一边和主人打招呼,一边走进了房间。 [探究·归纳] 过去分词(短语)表示被动,表示动作已经完成,其逻辑主语则为句子的主语。过去 分词作状语时,可单独使用,也可以在其前面加上适当的连词,可表示时间、条 件、原因、让步、方式、伴随等。
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过去分词短语作状语非谓语动词是英语语言所特有的语言现象。
其中在学习分词的过程中应该明确,在大多数情况下分词只是从句的一种省略形式,目的在于使语言更为简练,尤其在书面语中。
所以无论是现在分词、还是过去分词都与从句的主动、被动、时态有着密切的关系。
过去分词短语在句中作状语可表示原因、时间、让步、条件、方式或伴随等。
例如:1.Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。
(表示原因)2. Once seen, it can never be forgotten.一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了。
(表示时间)3.Seen from the top of the castle, the park looks very beautiful. (表示条件)从城堡顶端看,公园十分美丽4.Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to entered the cave.虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险进山洞。
(表示让步)5.Filled with hopes and fears, he dived deep into the ocean.(表示伴随)心中充满了希望与恐惧,他跳进了深海里。
在使用过去分词作状语时, 为了体现上下两部分(句子层面)的逻辑关系, 句子中常出现过去分词和连词的连带使用,比如例2和例4那样的结构. 通过众多例句分析, 我们发现过去分词作状语以下几种情形:一、句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上是被动的关系例:_______ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm .(2004,辽宁)A.Attracting B.Attracted C. To be attracted D.Having attracted分析:答案为B。
句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上是被动的关系。
可以把状语部分转换为: (As the girl was )attracted by the beauty of the nature,…attracted 表示被动意义“被迷住,被吸引”。
If they are applied in agriculture, the machines will save farmers much labor.=If applied in agriculture, the machines will save farmers much labor.如果将这些机器用于农业,就可以省去农民很多劳动。
注:连词if,通常保留。
二、由一些含be动词的短语或系表结构转换来的。
这时,句子的主语与作状语用的过去分例:________ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.(2005,湖南)A. DressedB. To dressC. DressingD. Having dressed分析:答案为A。
可以把状语部分转换为:When ( he was ) dressed in a white uniform,…作状语的过去分词dressed来自于“be dressed in”这个短语。
be dressed in 表穿着的状态,如:She is dressed in a blue skirt. 句子的主语he与作状语用的过去分词dressed之间在逻辑上并没有被动的关系。
例:________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police (2005,江苏)A. Having lostB. LostC. Being lostD. Losing分析:答案为B。
可以把状语部分转换为: (After the two students were) lost in the mountains for a week,…. 作状语的过去分词lost来自于“be lost in”迷路,迷失。
如:He was lost in the forest. 句子的主语the two students 与作状语用的过去分词lost之间在逻辑上并没有被动的关系。
三、分词短语由“while/when/unless/if/once /though/although+ 过去分词”构成。
它们都可以转换成由“while/when/unless/if/once /though/although + 主语+ 谓语+ 过去分词”结构,这样,整个句子就变成了状语从句。
句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上是被动的关系。
近年来高考题单项填空题中多次考查了这种用法,值得我们复习时注意。
例:The research is so designed that once______ nothing can be done to change it. (2002,广东) A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun分析:答案为D。
可以把此句转换为状语从句:The research is so designed that once (it is )begun nothing can be done to change it.例:Unless______ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. (2003,上海春招)A. invitedB. invitingC. being invitedD. having invited分析:答案为A。
可以把状语部分转换为:Unless (you are) invited to speak,…例:Generally speaking, ______ according to directions, the drug has no side-effect. (2003上海) A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken分析:答案为B。
同样可以把状语部分转换为:…when (the drug is )taken according to directions,…你能给出下边高考题的正确答案并说明理由吗?1. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss.A. questioningB. having questionedC. questionedD. to be questioned2. When first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.(2004,全国II)A. introducingB. introducedC. introduceD. being introduced3.When _______ help, one often says“Thank you.”or“It’s kind of you.”(2005,福建)A.offering B.to offer C.to be offered D. offered4. When_____, the museum will he open to the public next year. (2002,上海春招)A. completedB. completingC. being completedD. to be completed答案:1. C (= when a lie is questioned)2. B (=When these products were introduced)3. D (=When one is offered to help)4. A (=When the museum is completed)四:分词短语中的动词的动作发出者不是后面句子的主语发出的,其逻辑主语同句子的主语也不一致,“主语+过去分词短语”即独立主格结构。
作状语用的分词,其逻辑主语必须同句中主语为同一人或同一事,如以上所举的各例。
但英语中有一种语法现象,那就是当分词有它自己的独立主语(不同于句子主语的名词或代词)时,则是一种独立主格结构形式,在句中作状语等。
The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday.考试结束了,我们开始放假。
(分词短语中的逻辑主语the test与句子中的主语we不一致,分词短语中的动词finished的动作发出者也不是后面句子的主语we发出的)The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.= After the meeting was gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.会议结束后,每个人都想早点回家。
(分词短语中的逻辑主语the meeting与句子中的主语everyone不一致,分词短语中的动词gone over的动作发出者也不是后面句子的主语everyone 发出的)All things considered, I think we ought to take the adventure.= If all things are considered, I think we ought to take the adventure.如果周到地考虑,我们应该去冒险。
(分词短语中的逻辑主语all things与句子中的主语I不一致, 分词短语中的动词considered的动作发出者也不是后面句子的主语I发出的)过去分词作状语应注意的几个问题:1过去分词作状语,说白了,就是英语中各种状语从句或并列句的省略。
其前提条件是主从句的主语必须保持一致。
所以要做到熟练的相互转化,并应用到写作当中去。
Taught by the two gentlemen, Eliza made great progress.= As Elisa was taught by the two gentlemen, she made great progress.(When) asked about it, she said she knew nothing. 当问起她这件事时,她说她不知道。