高考英语完形填空解题技巧详解
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完型填空 之能力训练目标：
1) 词语辨析能力
2) 语法结构分析能力
3) 语篇理解能力
4) 逻辑推理能力 5) 文化背景透析能力 6) 作者意图剖析能力 7) 生活常识综合运用能力
完型填空特点: 1. 题材常为说明文或夹叙夹议的文章. 2.内容完整,逻辑性强,语言结构严谨. 3.考察近义词语细微差别的辨析. 4.考察重点多为实词:名/代/动词/形容/副 词等. 5.关注语境背景知识,侧重上下关联,暗示 判断能力. 6.侧重于篇章,体现语用判断和内在逻辑.
2. 根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题
Our father was a struggling 36(lawyer) , but I always knew he was 37 . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best. 37. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned 38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise
完形填空之
实战训练
Are dreams of any use to the dreamer or to anybody else? We may remember left the traveler who __1_______ the ship Waratah at Durban because of his terrible _2_______. The Waratah later dreams disappeared entirely, with board everyone on _3________. The traveler’s dreams helped him and saved him from death _4__________, but they didn’t help the other people. Why was this man treated differently _5___________ from everyone else?
5. 根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择
The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 36(Owning) springs and streams sometimes means control , particularly in the 37 areas like the desert. A．dry B．distant C．deserted D．wild
4. 根据逻辑推理解题
…and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange__37_quite pleasant taste.
37. A. besides C. and
Practice His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight.
D. disease
C. strangely
D. unfortunately
once had Another man _6_____ a dream about the Black Forest in Germany. In his
句型
6. A. alone
C. still 7. A. while
上文中讲蛀牙如何产生。 空51和红体单词在 意义上是一致的， 属于同义词复现现象。
9.利用语气副词的情景解题
….I raised the pistol and fired. The animal fell backwards with an angry cry. Father took the ___38____ smoking pistol from my hand , and fired another shot, which killed the gorilla. 38. A. still B. yet C. even D. already
How does a tooth go bad? The 51 begins in a little crack in the enamel (珐琅）covering of the tooth. This happens after germs and bits of food have collected there. Then the decay slowly spreads inside the tooth. In the end, poison goes into blood, and we may feel quite ill. 51. A. destruction B. decay C. fault D. hurt
2) So I tried hard with my writing and went to college . My first novel 45 while I was at college. 45. A. came on B. came in C. came out D. came back
8.利用词汇的复现解题
完形填空总体要求
完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅 读理解能力和总体语言水平。 解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜 测、推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以 借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知 识等进行解题。
解题方法：
总的原则: “先完意，后完形”。 八字方针：上下求索，瞻前顾后。 三步曲：读——填——读
完形填空之
九大解题技巧
1. 利用首句来解题
I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was 36 and when I was 14, he said, “You’re never going to be 37(anything) but a failure. ” 36.A. bright B. useless C. simple D. hopeful
7.从词汇辨析和固定搭配方面来解题
1) He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming__1_.So he shouldn’t have gone into that place. 1.A.after all B.in all C.at all D. for all
Step3 Read the passage again and check the
answeຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidus.
（将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查）
Tips: 1. the tense and the voice，the accord between subject and predicate (时态语态，主谓语在上下文的中是否一致) 2. grammar and collocations (语法和习惯用法的搭配在上下文中是否一致) 3. the connection between sentences and paragraphs (段与段，句与句之间的衔接是否连贯) 4. the meaning of the whole passage (整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下 文的衔接是否合理)
She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n) __1_vacation,__ but was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed. 1.A. disappointing B. wonderful C. uncomfortable D. important
43. A. cared C. quarreled 44. A. clean C. larger B. forgot D. joked B. straight D. darker
3. 利用语篇的标志性的词语解题
常见的标志性的词语有以下几种: 结构层次:firstly, secondly, thirdly； 逻辑关系：thus, therefore, so； 递进关系：besides, what’s more, further; 转折关系：but, while, however等。
B. once
D. even B. as
dream he was walking in C. before whe the forest _7______ two men 8. A. floor n ran out and tried to throw C. soil ground He ran him to the _8_______.
6.从语法角度来解题
I went into a caféand asked for a coffee. 21 I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place , but I sensed 22 (loneliness). A．Before B．Since C．Although D．While
B. but D. or
Practice
Students generally appreciate these special 50 opportunities. They are almost always fun and interesting, and professors 51 them too because students learn so much in just a few short months. 50. A. working C. teaching 51. A. hold C. dislike B. living D. learning B. like D. discover
Step2 Reread and choose the best answer for each blank by using some methods. (在把握语篇大意的基础上，借助于一些恰当 的方法选择最佳答案)
Four methods(四种常用的方法)：
1、context (上下文语境) 2、word distinctions or collocations (词语辨析和固定搭配) 3、information given in the passage (利用文章中的信息---原词复现、近义词和 反义词等) 4、cultural background and common sense (文化背景和常识)
三步答题
Step1 Skip(跳读) the passage to get the general idea and pay attention to the first sentence. In the cloze test, there is no blank in the first sentence (首句). It helps us to know the topic of the whole passage. (完形填空首句不挖空，帮助进入语境）
1. A. left C. drove 2. A. ideas B. suggestions C. dreams 3. A. board C. sea 4. A. life
B. got D. enter
D. words B. ship D. deck B. death
C. illness
5. A. similarly B. differently
1) 词语辨析能力
2) 语法结构分析能力
3) 语篇理解能力
4) 逻辑推理能力 5) 文化背景透析能力 6) 作者意图剖析能力 7) 生活常识综合运用能力
完型填空特点: 1. 题材常为说明文或夹叙夹议的文章. 2.内容完整,逻辑性强,语言结构严谨. 3.考察近义词语细微差别的辨析. 4.考察重点多为实词:名/代/动词/形容/副 词等. 5.关注语境背景知识,侧重上下关联,暗示 判断能力. 6.侧重于篇章,体现语用判断和内在逻辑.
2. 根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题
Our father was a struggling 36(lawyer) , but I always knew he was 37 . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best. 37. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned 38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise
完形填空之
实战训练
Are dreams of any use to the dreamer or to anybody else? We may remember left the traveler who __1_______ the ship Waratah at Durban because of his terrible _2_______. The Waratah later dreams disappeared entirely, with board everyone on _3________. The traveler’s dreams helped him and saved him from death _4__________, but they didn’t help the other people. Why was this man treated differently _5___________ from everyone else?
5. 根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择
The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 36(Owning) springs and streams sometimes means control , particularly in the 37 areas like the desert. A．dry B．distant C．deserted D．wild
4. 根据逻辑推理解题
…and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange__37_quite pleasant taste.
37. A. besides C. and
Practice His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight.
D. disease
C. strangely
D. unfortunately
once had Another man _6_____ a dream about the Black Forest in Germany. In his
句型
6. A. alone
C. still 7. A. while
上文中讲蛀牙如何产生。 空51和红体单词在 意义上是一致的， 属于同义词复现现象。
9.利用语气副词的情景解题
….I raised the pistol and fired. The animal fell backwards with an angry cry. Father took the ___38____ smoking pistol from my hand , and fired another shot, which killed the gorilla. 38. A. still B. yet C. even D. already
How does a tooth go bad? The 51 begins in a little crack in the enamel (珐琅）covering of the tooth. This happens after germs and bits of food have collected there. Then the decay slowly spreads inside the tooth. In the end, poison goes into blood, and we may feel quite ill. 51. A. destruction B. decay C. fault D. hurt
2) So I tried hard with my writing and went to college . My first novel 45 while I was at college. 45. A. came on B. came in C. came out D. came back
8.利用词汇的复现解题
完形填空总体要求
完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅 读理解能力和总体语言水平。 解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜 测、推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以 借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知 识等进行解题。
解题方法：
总的原则: “先完意，后完形”。 八字方针：上下求索，瞻前顾后。 三步曲：读——填——读
完形填空之
九大解题技巧
1. 利用首句来解题
I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was 36 and when I was 14, he said, “You’re never going to be 37(anything) but a failure. ” 36.A. bright B. useless C. simple D. hopeful
7.从词汇辨析和固定搭配方面来解题
1) He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming__1_.So he shouldn’t have gone into that place. 1.A.after all B.in all C.at all D. for all
Step3 Read the passage again and check the
answeຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidus.
（将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查）
Tips: 1. the tense and the voice，the accord between subject and predicate (时态语态，主谓语在上下文的中是否一致) 2. grammar and collocations (语法和习惯用法的搭配在上下文中是否一致) 3. the connection between sentences and paragraphs (段与段，句与句之间的衔接是否连贯) 4. the meaning of the whole passage (整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下 文的衔接是否合理)
She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n) __1_vacation,__ but was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed. 1.A. disappointing B. wonderful C. uncomfortable D. important
43. A. cared C. quarreled 44. A. clean C. larger B. forgot D. joked B. straight D. darker
3. 利用语篇的标志性的词语解题
常见的标志性的词语有以下几种: 结构层次:firstly, secondly, thirdly； 逻辑关系：thus, therefore, so； 递进关系：besides, what’s more, further; 转折关系：but, while, however等。
B. once
D. even B. as
dream he was walking in C. before whe the forest _7______ two men 8. A. floor n ran out and tried to throw C. soil ground He ran him to the _8_______.
6.从语法角度来解题
I went into a caféand asked for a coffee. 21 I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place , but I sensed 22 (loneliness). A．Before B．Since C．Although D．While
B. but D. or
Practice
Students generally appreciate these special 50 opportunities. They are almost always fun and interesting, and professors 51 them too because students learn so much in just a few short months. 50. A. working C. teaching 51. A. hold C. dislike B. living D. learning B. like D. discover
Step2 Reread and choose the best answer for each blank by using some methods. (在把握语篇大意的基础上，借助于一些恰当 的方法选择最佳答案)
Four methods(四种常用的方法)：
1、context (上下文语境) 2、word distinctions or collocations (词语辨析和固定搭配) 3、information given in the passage (利用文章中的信息---原词复现、近义词和 反义词等) 4、cultural background and common sense (文化背景和常识)
三步答题
Step1 Skip(跳读) the passage to get the general idea and pay attention to the first sentence. In the cloze test, there is no blank in the first sentence (首句). It helps us to know the topic of the whole passage. (完形填空首句不挖空，帮助进入语境）
1. A. left C. drove 2. A. ideas B. suggestions C. dreams 3. A. board C. sea 4. A. life
B. got D. enter
D. words B. ship D. deck B. death
C. illness
5. A. similarly B. differently