英语体育新闻的翻译

4. Translation of English sports news4.1 Criteria of translationYan Fu, one of the most important figures in modern period of translation in China, set down the triple translation criteria of "faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance" (Zhang Yanqing, Xi Dong, 2007:5). These criteria have great influence after them came into being.Faithfulness requires that the meaning in the target language should be faithful to the meaning of the original. Expressiveness is the requirement of intelligibility of the target language text. The translated should be in accordance with the language rules of the target language. Elegance requires a translation to be esthetically pleasing (Zhang Yanqing, Xi Dong, 2007:5). 4.2Existing Problems in English Sports News Translating4.2.1Insufficient understanding of the contextTranslators should use the context to make out the meaning. Each word when used in a new context is a new word (Firth, J. R. 1957: 23). Therefore, a full understanding of the original text is particularly important.17) Although Louis Van Gaal usually played Rivaldo in a left wing position, Rivaldo enjoys an ever - increasing amount of freedom and he has become the natural leader of the team, the linchpin of Barca’s attack (China Daily, Dec. 6, 2004). ( 在主教练路易斯·范加尔的安排下, 里瓦尔多在巴萨队中担任左边锋, 享受更多的自由, 并成为了球队的领袖和进攻的核心。

) Play has many meanings. In this sentence, it is the key to grasp of the meaning of "play", through reading of the sentence, we know that this paragraph is talking about under Coach Louis Van Gaal's arrangement; Rivaldo worked as left wing and enjoy more freedom, and become the team leader at Barcelona. Therefore, play should be understood here as "act as" or "arrangement".4.2.2 Insufficient cultural background informationBecause of cultural background differences between western countries and China, in English sports reports, there are many words have connotation from the history, religion and culture. It is cultural difference that hinders the translators from accurately making transfers between two languages; it is also cultural difference that makes it difficult for the reader of the target text to obtain the real intention of the original author. (Zhang Yanqing, Xi Dong, 2007:92) If the translator do not have a good cultural background knowledge of the original text; theirtranslation will be difficult to understand. Translators should accurately grasp the meaning of the original text, so that they could work out an accurate translation.18) This time, Liverpool will really become the Bull of Bashan for us (Xu Hui, 2007: 132). (这次，利物浦真的要成为我们强劲的对手了。

)It is difficult to translate "Bull of Bashan", if the translator does not know what it is. If the translator renders Bashan” into "巴珊的牛, " it may confuse the readers. "Bull of Bashan" comes from the Bible, and the phase can be translated into "强劲的对手" here.4.2.3 Lack of general knowledge of sportsMastering certain general knowledge of sports can help translator have a better understand of the original text. As a result, it is important for translators to accumulate some general knowledge of sports.19) England, who have not won the World Cup for four decades, were fortunate to emerge with a 1-0 win in Frankfurt, relying on an early own goal by Paraguay captain Carlos( China Daily, April 10, 2006) ( Zhang Hailin, 2009:127). ( 英格兰已经40多年没有取得世界杯了，但它依靠巴拉圭队长卡洛斯的一记乌龙球，在法兰克福幸运地以一比零战胜了对手。

) In the sentence above appeared a word which is quite common in is modern sports events, such as football, hockey and so on, that is "own goal". If the translator render the phrase "own goal" into "自家球", readers may find that it is difficult to understand and feel confused. Actually, translator should render “own goal” into "乌龙球" is reasonable.4.3 Translation strategies of English sport newsJust as what Newmark points out the main aim of the translator is to produce as nearly as possible the same effect on his readers as was produced on the readers of the original. The translator should consider the differences of words and grammar between English and Chinese news, and use various translation methods to keep the original meaning of English news. At the same time the habitual expression of Chinese should be considered.4.3.1 Literal translationLiteral translation, also known as direct translation in everyday usage has the meaning of the rendering of text from one language to another rather than conveying the sense of the original. Sun Ping argues literal translation is used when the content and the form are very close in the two languages. When there are no cultural differences or habitual expression differences betweenChinese news and English news, literal translation is a suitable method for E-C news translation. (Sun Ping, 2004:23)20) Each Olympiad is a period of four years (China Daily, Aug. 9, 2004). (每届奥运会之间相隔4年。