初中定语从句课件.ppt

关系词在定语从句中的作用： １．代替先行词 ２.在定语从句中担任一定成分 ３.连接先行词和它引导的定语从句（将主句和从 句连接起来）
This is the film star who is very popular in China.
The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.
Is there a student ｗｈｏｓｅ father is a business man?
小结：
• that－ 既可指人，也可指物，作主语， 不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。
• which－指物，作主语，不能省略；作 宾语，可以省略.
• who－ 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，
可以省略,（常用whom）
Practise:
1.This is the house which is for sale.
2. The book which is lying on the floor is mine.
which / that 作宾语 ： （可省略） This is the card.
I’ve just received the card. This is the card (which / that )I’ve just received
（作宾语） Practise:
1.This is the mistake (which /that) I always make.
2. I still keep the letters (which )she wrote to me.
3. I lost the pen (which) my father bought me.
关系副词: when, where, why
关系代词： 指物：that which 指人：who (主/宾格) that whom（宾格）
指所有格关系（某物的/某人的）：whose(定语)
关系代词that, which引导的定语从句:
如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系 代词应用that、which. (作主语或宾语)
who / whom / that 作宾语：( 可省略) The man is a famous writer.
He described the man just now. The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作宾语）
The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons. 3. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修 饰时。
That’s the only thing that I can do now.
These are the very words that he used. 4. 当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的 关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 who.
关系代词who, that, whom引导的定语从 句:
如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词， 关系代词应用who, that (作主语或宾语) whom (作宾语)
who / that 作主语. (不能省) This is the film star.
The film star is very popular in China. This is the film star who/ that is very popular in China. (作主语)
注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语 从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。
有时只能用 that , 不用 which, 常见的情况有五种： 1.当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , 或被它们修饰时。 That’s all that I know.
1.The boy who(m) I ‘m looking for is my friend.
2. The thief has been sent to prison.
The police caught the thief last night. The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.
初中定语从句讲解
• 什么是定语从句呢？
答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词 的从句叫定语从句。
结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句
T_h_e_m__a_n w_h_o_ l_iv_e_s_n_e_x_t_to__u_s is a policeman.
先行词 关系词
定语从句
关系词 关系代词: that, which, who, whom,whose
Leabharlann Baidu
which / that 作主语. (不能省)
This is a dream. The dream will never come true.
This is a dream which/ that will never come
true.
（作主语）
The dog has been found.
The dog was lost. The dog which was lost has been found.
1.The boy who broke the window is called Roy.
2. Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday?
3. The girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin.
Is there anything that I can do for you?
He answered few questions that the teacher asked.
2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时
That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.