自身免疫性肝炎与药物性肝损伤的鉴别诊断和处理

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自身免疫性肝炎与药物性肝损伤:鉴别诊断和处理

苗琪马雄

[关键词] 肝炎,自身免疫性; 肝炎,慢性,药物性;

鉴别诊断;治疗

Differential diagnosis and therapy for autoimmune hepatitis and 

MIAO QiMA Xiong

drug-induced liver injury

[Keywords] Hepatitis,autoimmune;Hepatitis,chronic,drug-Induced;

Differential diagnosis;Therapy

[First author's address] Department of Gastroenterology,

Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine 

Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai 200001, China 

Corresponding author: MA Xiong, Email:maxiongmd@hotmail.

com

自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)是由异常自身免疫反

应介导的肝实质炎症性病变,多发于女性,以高丙

种球蛋白血症、血清自身抗体阳性和对免疫抑制剂

治疗应答为特点。药物性肝损伤(drug-induced liver

injury, DILI)是与用药相关的肝功能损伤,同样多见

于女性,有时可出现自身抗体阳性,严重病例需免

疫抑制剂治疗。两者究竟存在怎样的关系,如何在

初诊时予以鉴别和适当治疗是临床医生需要重视的

问题。

@@ 一、AIH和DILI的关系

 @@ 在临床工作中存在这样的现象:DILI患者恢复

后再次使用相同或相似的药物可出现AIH样表现。

Lucena等[1]从西班牙药物性肝损中心选取9例两次

出现DILI的患者(9/742),其中8例第二次肝损伤的

类型和第一次相同(肝细胞型为主),4例患者两次

肝损伤前后使用药物的结构相似,2例作用靶点相似。

10.3760/cma.j.issn. 1007-3418.2012.05.003

作者单位:200001 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院消化科

上海市消化疾病研究所

激素对两者均有

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@@[2] Alvarez F, Berg PA, Bianchi FB, et al. International autoimmune hepatitis group repot: review of criteria for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol, 1999, 31: 929-938.@@[3] Hennes EM, Zeniya M, Czaja A J, et al. Simplified criteria for the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology, 2008, 48: 169-176.

@@[4] Weiler-Normann C, Schramm C. Drug induced liver injury and its relationship to autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol, 2011, 55: 747- 749.

@@[5] Czaja AJ. Drug-induced autoimmune-like hepatitis. Dig Dis Sci, 2011, 56: 958-976.

@@[6] Bjōrnsson E, Talwalkar J, Treeprasertsuk S, et al. Drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis: clinical characteristics and prognosis. Hepatology, 2010, 51: 2040-2048.

@@[7] Bogdanos DP, Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D. Autoantobodies and their antigens in autohmmune hepatitis. Semin Liver Dis, 2009, 29: 241- 253.

@@[8] Lecoeur S, André C, Beaune PH. Tienilic acid-induced autoimmune hepatitis: anti-liver and-kidney microsomal type 2 autoantibodies recognize a three-site conformational epitope on cytochrome P4502C9. Mol Pharmacol, 1996, 50: 326-333.@@[9] Zimmerman HJ. Drug-induced liver disease. Clin Liver Dis, 2000, 4: 73-96.

@@[10] Efe C, Purnak T, Ozaslan E, et al. Drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis caused by anti-tumor necrosis factor α agents. Hepatplogy, 2010, 52: 2246-2247.

@@[11] von Kalckreuth V, Lohse AW, Schramm C. Unmasking autoimmune 

hepatitisunder immunomodulatory treatment of multiple sclerosis not only beta interferon. Am J Gastroenterol, 2008, 103: 2147-2148.@@[12] Watkins PB, Seeff LB. Drug-induced liver injury: summary of a single topic clinical research conference. Hepatology, 2006, 43:618- 631.

@@[13] Fontana R J, Seeff LB, Andrade RJ, et al. Standardization of nomenclature and causality assessment in drug-induced liver injury:. summary of a clinical research workshop. Hepatology, 2010, 52: 730-742.

@@[14] Suzuki A, Brunt EM, Kleiner DE, et al. The use of liver biopsy evaluation in discrimination of idiopathic autoimmune hepatitis versus drug-induced liver injury. Hepatology, 2011, 54:931-939.@@[15] Lewis JH. Diagnosis: liver biopsy differentiates DILI from autoimmune hepatitis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2011, 8: 540- 542.

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 2012-02-15

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