云南师范大学教育硕士专业学位研究生学位英语考试试卷(2015年)

云南师范大学教育硕士专业学位研究生学
位英语考试
试卷
（2015年2月12日）
（考生须知）
1请考生在机读卡的“学号”一栏填写学号，并在相应的数字上用2B铅笔划线。

2.选择题（第1-60）的答案必须用2B铅笔涂在机读答题卡上，做在试卷上无效！
3．选择答案选出后，必须用2B铅笔在机读答题卡上相应的选项上划一横线, 划线要粗，要有一定浓度。

修改时，必须用橡皮擦净后，再填涂其它选项。

4．翻译和写作一律用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸II上按要求作答，做在试卷上无效！
5．考试时间为150分钟。

6．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收。

7．请监考人员收回试卷册和两份答题纸，并把答题纸按座位序号理好。

Part I Vocabulary (15 points))
Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with
a single line through the center.
1.He was one of the greatest writers _____ had ever lived.
A. who
B. which
C. that
D. as
2.Nobody _____ that something was wrong at that time.
A. commented
B. committed
C. noticed
D. expressed
3.Her address made a great _____ on the audience.
A. expression
B. explanation
C. suggestion
D. impression
4.He appeared _____ with our team's performance.
A. satisfying
B. to be satisfying
C. to satisfy
D. satisfied
5.His companions have threatened to _____ his crimes to the police.
A. impose
B. express
C. enclose
D. expose
6.His extravagance reduced him _____ for his living.
A. to beg
B. from begging
C. to begging
D. into begging
7.His death _____ with age.
A. deteriorated
B. determined
C. detected
D. detained
8.His long service with the company was _____ with a present.
A. admitted
B. acknowledged
C. attributed
D. accepted
9.His novel _____ some light on life in China in Ming Dynasty.
A. sends
B. provides
C. throws
D. puts
10. His tastes and habits _____ with those of his wife.
A. combine
B. compete
C. coincide
D. compromise
11. Does brain power _____ as we get older? Scientists now have some surprising
answers.
A. descend
B. decline
C. deduce
D. collapse
12. In that country, guests tend to feel they are not highly _____ if the invitation to a
dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.
A. admired
B. regarded
C. expected
D. worshipped
13. ____ the whole, early American city planning was excellent.
A. In
B. From
C. On
D. Above
14. ____ we are having these days!
A. What a lovely weather
B. What lovely weathers
C. What lovely weather
D. What lovely a weather
15. ____, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly
than a man whose command of language is poor.
A. Other things being equal
B. Were other things equal
C. To be equal to other things
D. Other things to be equal
16. ____, he does not love her.
A. As he likes her very much
B. Though much he likes her
C. Much although he likes her
D. Much as he likes her
17 Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to ______ healthy.
A. preserve
B. stay
C. maintain
D. reserve
18. A good many houses ____ knocked down by the earthquake.
A. was
B. were
C. is
D. are
19. A good teacher must know how to ____ his ideas.
A. convey
B. display
C. consult
D. confront
20. A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is
____ conditions or events.
A. in response to
B. in favor of
C. in contrast to
D. in excess of
21. I can _____ some noise while I'm studying, but I can't stand loud noises.
A. come up with
B. catch up with
C. put up with
D. keep up with
22. I cannot give you _____ for the type of car you sell because there is no demand
for it in the market.
A. an expense
B. a charge
C. a purchase
D. an order
23. I didn't quite _____ to what you had said. Would you mind repeating it?
A. catch on
B. get hold
C. catch up
D. go on
24. I didn't say anything like that at all. You are purposely _____ my idea to prove
your point.
A. revising
B. contradicting
C. distorting
D. distracting
25. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave, _____ something occurred
which attracted my attention.
A. unless
B. until
C. when
D. while
26. I have the honor of introducing to you Mr. Alan, who will _____ you on his recent
tour abroad.
A. address
B. speak
C. talk
D. converse
27. He has failed me so many times that I no longer place any _____ on what he
promises.
A. faith
B. belief
C. credit
D. reliance
28. Of the thousands of known volcanoes in the world, the _____ majority are
inactive.
A. tremendous
B. demanding
C. intensive
D. overwhelming
29. I regret _____ so much time and money on stamps.
A. to waste
B. for wasting
C. having wasted
D. at wasting
30. I was greatly disappointed _____ that affair.
A. out
B. in
C. to
D. toward
Part II Reading Comprehension （40 points）
Directions:There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter
on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage One
When companies do business overseas, they come in contact with people from different cultures. These individuals often speak a different language and have their own particular custom and manners. These differences can create problems.
For example, in France, business meetings begin promptly at the designated time and everyone is expected to be there. Foreign business people who are tardy (迟到的) are often left outside to cool their heels as a means of letting them know the importance of promptness. Unless one is aware of such expected behaviors he may end up insulting the people with whom he hopes to establish trade relations.
A second traditional problem is that of monetary conversions （兑换）. For example, if a transaction is conducted with Russia, payment may be made in rubles （卢布）. Of course, this currency is of little value to the American firm. It is, therefore, necessary to convert the foreign currency to American dollars. How much are these Russian rubles worth in terms of dollars? This conversion rate is determined by every market, where the currencies of countries are bought and sold. Thus there is an established rate, although it will often fluctuate from day to day. For example, the ruble may be worth '0.75 on Monday and '0.72 on Tuesday because of an announced wheat shortage in Russia. In addition, there is the dilemma associated with converting at '0.72. Some financial institutions may be unwilling to pay this price, feeling that the ruble will sink much lower over the next week. As a result, conversion may finally come at '0.69. These "losses" must be accepted by the company as one of the costs of doing business overseas.
A third unique problem is trade barriers. For one reason or another, all countries impose trade barriers on certain goods crossing their borders. Some trade barriers are directly related to exports. For example, the United States permits strategic military material to be shipped abroad only after government permission has been obtained. Most trade barriers, however, are designed to restrict import. Two of the most common import barriers are quotas（配额）and tariffs.
31. The best title for the passage would be ___.
A. How to Succeed in International Trade
B. Monetary Conversion
C. Trade Barriers
D. Unique Problems in International Trade
32. In France, tardy business people ___.
A. are often insulted
B. often suffer from coldness
C. are often left outdoors waiting
D. are often asked to polish their shoes
33. According to the passage, conversion rates ___.
A. are always changing
B. are determined by financial institutions
C. are agreed upon by two trading countries
D. vary from day to day
34. The intended audience of this passage are ______.
A. professors of economics
B. postgraduate students of international trade
C. beginners of business
D. business people
35. Which of the following is likely to be discussed in the next paragraph?
A. Export trade barriers.
B. Quotas and tariffs.
C. Reasons for imposing trading barriers.
D. Measures to break down trade barriers.
Passage Two
Among all cancers, lung cancer is the biggest killer; more than 100,100 Americans die of the disease each year. Giving up smoking is one way to reduce the risk, but another answer may lie in the kitchen, according to a report in the British medical journal The lancet.
Since 1957, a team of researcher has mentioned the dietary habits and medical histories of 2, 000 middle-aged men employed by the Western Electric Co. in Chicago. Led by Dr. Richard Shekelle of Chicago’s Rush—Presbyterian—St. Luke’s medical Center, the team recently began to sort out the links between the subjects dietary patterns and cancers. Other animal and human studies have suggested that vitamin A might offer some protection against lung cancer, but did not distinguish vitamin A made in the body from that in carotene（胡萝卜素）, which is abundant in a variety of vegetables and fruits, including carrots, spinach, broccoli, squash, tomatoes and apples.
The Western Electric study showed little correlation between the incidence of lung cancer and the consumption of foods containing performed vitamin A. But the date on carotene intake revealed a significant relationship. Among the 488 men who had the lowest carotene consumption, there were 14 cases of lung cancer; in a group of the same size that ate the most carotene, only two cases developed. The apparent protective effect of carotene helps up even for longtime smokers.
Further studies will be necessary before the link between lung cancer and carotene can be firmly established. Meanwhile, researchers warn against taking large amounts of vitamin A supplements, which can be extremely toxic in high doses. Instead, they advise a well- balanced diet that includes foods rich in carotene.
36. The researchers carried out their studies _____.
A. in the kitchen
B.in Britain
C.by investigating people’s habits and their medical history
D. by working together with the Western Electric Co
37. Dr Richard Shekelle was _____.
A.a journalist of “The Lancet”
B.the head of the research team
C.the director of St. Luke’s Center
D.a British scientist
38.According to the passage, which of the following contains less carotene?
A. milk
B. carrots
C. tomatoes
D. broccoli
39.The study revealed that if a person eats more food containing carotene, he ____ .
A.is more likely to get lung cancer
B.has the least possibility of getting lung cancer
C.should take large amount vitamin A supplements
D.is advised to have a well-balanced diet
40.The passage makes it clear that _____.
A.the study has established the relationship of Vitamin A and cancer
B.high doses of vitamin A supplements can greatly reduce danger of suffering
from lung cancer
C.a lung cancer patient should eat less foods rich in carotene
D.the study has revealed the protective effect of carotene
Passage Three
One thing we know about the brain is that it is vulnerable to the power of
suggestion. There is a plenty of evidence that when young women are motivated and encouraged, they excel at science. For most of the 1800s, for example, physics,
astronomy, chemistry and botany were considered gender-appropriate subjects for
middle -and upper-class American girls. Records from top school in Boston show that
girls outperformed boys in physics in the mid-19th century. Latin and Greek,
meanwhile, were considered the province of gentlemen – until the 20th century, when
lucrative（赚钱的）opportunities began to open up in the sciences.
Today, in Iceland and Sweden, girls consistently outperform boys in math and
physics. In Sweden the gap is widest in the remote regions in the north. That may be
because women want to move to the big cities farther south, where they need to
compete in high-tech economies, while men are focused on local hunting, fishing and
forestry opportunities, says Niels Egelund, a professor of educational psychology at
the Danish University of Education. The phenomenon even has a name, the Jokkmokk
effect, a reference to an isolated town in Swedish Lapland.
Back in the US, female professors have been catching up with the male professors
in their publishing output. Today, half of the chemistry and almost 60% of biology
bachelors of science degrees go to females. Patience is required. And next, Summers
may want to take up the male question. In all seriousness. Why do so many more boys
than girls have learning disorders, autism（孤独症）, attention-deficit（注意力集中
障碍）problems and schizophrenia（精神分裂症）? Why are young men less likely
to go to universities than women are? And what to make of a 2003 survey that found
eighth-grade girls outperforming boys in algebra in 22 countries, with boys outscoring
girls in only three nations? If we are not careful, The next Einstein could find herself
working as a high-powered lawyer who does wonders with estate-tax calculations instead of discovering what the universe is made of.
41. Before the 20th century, ______ .
A.a lot of girls from middle-and upper-class studied science
B.girls were attracted to study science for it was profitable
C.boys did better in science than girls
D.in addition to science, boys studied Latin and Greek to become gentlemen
42. Why do girls outperform boys at school in math and physics in Sweden?
A.Because they live in remote regions in the north.
B.Because they are not satisfied with their traditional way of life and hope to
seek opportunities in the south
C.Because they cannot do fishing, hunting and seek forestry opportunities
D.Because they are smarter than boys in the region
43. According to the passage, which of the following statement is not true?
A.The power of suggestion can change the way brain works.
B.Physics, astronomy, chemistry and botany were once considered appropriate
subjects for girls.
C.Jokkmokk is a remote town in Sweden
D.Female professors have as many academic achievements as their male
counterparts
44. What does the author imply about American females?
A.They will do as well as or even better in science.
B.They may take up male status.
C.Half of the chemistry and almost 60% of biology science degrees go to
females.
D.There are fewer females in American universities than males.
45. What is the main idea of the passage?
A.Women outperform men in science when motivated and encouraged.
B.Today, in Iceland and Sweden, girls consistently outperform boys in math and
physics.
C.Young men less likely to go to universities than women are.
D.In 20th century, when lucrative opportunities began to open up in the sciences,
men began to take interest in science.
Passage Four
The fitness（有氧健身）movement that began in late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic（有氧的）exercise. Millions of individuals became engaged in a variety of aerobic activities, and literally thousands of health spas developed around the country to capitalize on this emerging interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. A number of fitness spas existed prior to this fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their focus was not on aerobics, but rather on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular（肌肉的）mass, strength, and endurance in their primarily male enthusiasts. These fitness spas did not seem to benefit financially from the aerobic fitness
movement to better health, since medical option suggested that weight-training programs offered few, if any, health benefits. In recent years, however, weight training has again become increasingly popular for males and for females. Many current programs focus not only on developing muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well.
Historically, most physical fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health-related reasons, primarily because such fitness components have been related to performance in athletics. However, in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health benefits as well. The American College of Sports Medicine now recommends that weight training be part of a total fitness program for healthy Americans. Increased participation in such training is one of the specific physical activity and fitness objectives of Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives.
46. The word “ spas” (line 3, Para. 1) most probably refers to ______.
A. sports activities
B. recreation center
C. places for exercises
D. athletic training program
47. Early fitness spas were intended mainly for _______.
A. the promotion of aerobic exercise
B. the improvement of women’s figures
C. endurance and muscular development
D. better performance in aerobic dancing
48. What was the attitude of doctors towards weight training in health improvement?
A. Negative
B. Cautious
C. Positive
D. Indifferent
49. Historically, people were given physical fitness tests in order to find out _______.
A. what kind of fitness center was suitable for them
B. whether they were fit for aerobic exercise
C. what their health condition was like
D.their muscular strength and endurance
50. Recent studies have suggested that weight training ________.
A. has become an essential part of people’s life
B. will attract more people in the days to come
C. contributes to health improvement as well
D. may well affect that the health of the trainees
Part III Cloze (10 points)
Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
If you look at science departments in U.S. universities, you will probably observe
fewer women professors than men. Several studies have proven 51 this is so. There are much 52 women in science departments than men today. And for the women 53 there now, it was not easy for them to get there.
Why are there few women in science departments today? Some scientists believe that there are biological differences 54 males and females. They say that young boys and men can learn science more easily than girls and women. Others say that in school, girls have 55 self- confidence than boys. Teachers ask girls fewer questions in class 56 they ask boys. In addition, teachers do not often tell girls that they could become 57 . Later on, women do not see other women teaching science at the university. Finally, 58 there are not as many women _ 59 men in science departments, women may be afraid to be the first in their department. They believe that they will have to cope 60 more problems than the men in their departments.
51. A. that B. what C. which D. how
52. A. more B. fewer C. few D. less
53. A. teach B. taught C. teaching D. had taught
54. A. between B. among C. in D. for
55. A. less B. fewer C. more D. much
56. A. what B.than C. that D. where
57. A. artists B. teachers C. scientists D. managers
58. A. if B. though C. where D. since
59. A. as B. so C. than D. that
60. A. in B. with C. to D. for
Part IV Translation
Section A ( 10 points)
Directions: Read the following paragraph and then translate it into Chinese. Nowadays, a standard for measuring power has changed. These changes foretell a new standard for measuring power. No longer will a nation’s political influence be based solely on the strength of its military forces. Of course, military effectiveness will remain a primary measure of power. But political influence is also closely tied to industrial competitiveness. The new standard of power and influence that is evolving now places more emphasis on the ability of a country to compete effectively in the economic markets of the world. The competitiveness of America’s industrial base is an issue bigger than the Department of Defense and is going to require the efforts of the major institutional forces in our society – government, industry, and education. Section B (10 points)
Directions: Translate the following passage into English
中国要走向现代化，最大的障碍，并不是资源问题，也不是资金问题，更不是技术问题，而是十几亿人口的素质问题。

资金可以积累，技术可以创造也可以引进，但是十几亿人口的素质是无法引进的，这必须靠我们去提高。

Part V Writing ( 15 points)
There are frequently violence among students at schools. They may fight agaist each other, or some physically strong students may bully others. How do you think about the reasons causing students’ such behavior? And if there is such violence in your class, how do you cope with it? How should we create an enviroment with no violence among students? Please write an essay of approximately 120 words on the issue with the title:No Violence among Students。