句子基本结构课件

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how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其 结构是:How+形容词(副词)+主语+ 谓语! How hard the workers are working! How clever the girl is! How quickly the boy is writing! what与how引导的感叹句,一般情况下 可以相互转换,转换后意义不变。如: What an interesting story it is! ==How interesting the story is!
♣No smoking. ♣No parking
②含有Be动词的祈使句
• A、肯定形式 • Be+形容词/名词 Be a good student. Be quite ,please.
• B、否定形式: • Don’t be +形容词/名词。 Don’t be shy. Don’t be noisy. Don’t be a bad student.
பைடு நூலகம்
4、现在完成时的否定句
句型主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词 +…… 这本书我还没看完。 ♣I haven’t finished reading the book yet. 5、过去完成时的否定句 句型主语+had+not+动词的过去分词 +……
用途:提出问题
a. 一般疑问句(General Questions): 你能按时完成工作吗? Can you finish the work in time? b. 特殊疑问句(Wh-Questions): 你住那儿? Where do you live? c. 选择疑问句(Alternative Questions): 你是要茶还是要咖啡? Do you want tea or coffee? d. 反意疑问句(Tag-Questions) 他不认识她,对不对? He doesn't know her, does he?
祈使句有时相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。 祈使句:♣Use your head and you’ll find a way. 条件句:♣If you use your head, you’ll find a way. 如果你动动脑筋,你就会找到方法。
句型转换
用法:表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情 绪。常以What/How 开头。
• • • • • • • • • • •
一、选择题 ⒈ ____ B delicious the dish is! A. What B. How C. What a B strange clothes he is wearing! ⒉ ____ A. What a B. What C. How a A an interesting subject it is! ⒊ ____ A. What B. How C. What an C foggy it was yesterday! ⒋ ____ A. What B. What a C. How A careless a boy you are! ⒌ ____ A. How B. What a C. What
• 注意:
1.回答特殊疑问句时,不能用yes / no,即问什么答什么,尤其是简 略回答。括号内是完整回答所需部 分。如: -Who is from Canada﹖ -Helen (is from Canada). 2.特殊疑问句一般读降调(↓)
练习:
1._____ is that pretty girl? She is my sister. 2._____ are Jack and Tom? They are behind you. 3._____ do you go to school? I go to school from Monday to Friday. 4._____ has a beautiful flower? John has a beautiful flower. 5._____ are they? They are my parents. 6._____ is my mother? She is in the living room.
1、陈述句
凡是说明一件事情,提出一个看法,或是表 达一种心情的句子 有肯定式和否定式。句末用句号“.”,通 常用降调
光比声传播速度快。 Light travels faster than sound . 这部电影很乏味。 The film is rather boring。
.
肯定句 基本结构为:主+谓语+(宾语或表语)
②含有第一、三人称主语的祈使句
• A、肯定: Let+宾格(me/him。。。)或名词+动原+其它 • ♣Let’s go at once. • ♣Let me try again. • ♣Let Tom go there himself. • B、否定: Let +宾格/名词+not+动词原形+…… Don’t let+第三人称代词的宾格或名词+动词原形 • ♣Let’s not say anything about it. • ♣Don’t let them play with fire. • Let them not play with fire.
what修饰名词或名词短语,有以下两种形式: 1.What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语 +谓语! 如: What a fine day it is! What an honest man he is!
2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名 词+主语+谓语! What kind women they are! What nice music it is!
1、句中有be 动词(am/ is/ are/was/were)时,直接 将它们提至主语前。(注意人称转换) I'm in Class 3Grade 1. → Are you in Class 2Grade 1﹖ 2、句中有情态动词(can may must …)时,将它们提 至主语前。(注意人称转换) 如: He can swim now. → Can he swim now﹖ 3、句中没有Be动词或情态动词时,借助于 do ,does,did 位于句首,主语后的实义动词用原形.(注意人称转换) 如: I like these animals. →Do you like these animals﹖
c. 选择疑问句(Alternative Questions):
• 提出两种情况或两种以上的情况,要求 对方选择一种的疑问句。 • 结构:一般疑问句+or+省略的一般疑问 句 Would you like tea or coffee? Shall we go to the cinema on Saturday or on Sunday?
b. 特殊疑问句
( Wh-Questions)
疑问词: who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,ho w,howmany/much/long/often/old/tall/heav y… 结构:疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分? 如: Who was the first man in space? whose bike is broken﹖ Who are you talking about?
d. 反意疑问句(TagQuestions)
• 反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问 句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事 实或观点提出疑问,起证实作用,一般用于证 实说话者所说的事实或观点。
反意疑问句的基本形式: • 由一个陈述句加简短问句构成,前面肯定,后面 否定;前面否定,后面肯定。 • Eg:He is a teacher,isn’t he? They don’t work hard, do they?
句子的种类
陈述句♣This is a dog.这是一只狗。 疑问句♣Is this a dog? 这是一只狗吗? 感叹句♣What a beautiful dog this is!这是只多么漂亮的狗! 祈使句♣Open your eyes!睁开眼睛!
简单句♣I am studying.我在读书。 并列句♣I was born in a small village and I lived there for ten years. 我出生在一个小村庄里并在那里生活了十年。 复合句♣As soon as I get there, I’ll call you .我一到那儿,就给 你打电话。
例如:1.It is cold in winter. 2 .He went to London to pass his holiday.
否定句:
1.句中有Be(am,is, are,was,were)时,其 后加 not或缩写n’t。 例如:He is a worker. 改:He is not a worker. 2、句中有情态动词can,may,must.should等 时,其后加not或缩写n’t 。 例如:I can sing English songs. 改:I can’t sing English songs. 3、句中没有Be动词或情态动词时,借助于助 动词don’t ,doesn’t, didn’t, 放在原来的谓语 动词前。(原谓动变为原形) 例如:He gets up at 6 today. 改:He doesn’t get up at 6 today.
3、祈使句
表示请求、命令、建议等。谓语动词一律用原形。通常不 用主语,句末用惊叹号或句号,用降调。
• 1、肯定式:动词原形+…(省主语) Stand up,please. Come here, Li Ming . 否定结构: Don’t+动词原形+…… Don’t talk in class. ■表示禁止时, Don’t swim in the river. 尤其是标语可用“No+动名词” 。
a. 一般疑问句(General Questions):
• 一般疑问句通常用来询问一件事情是否属实。 答句通常是“yes或no”。所以一般疑问句又称 作“是非问句”。 •
其结构是:系动词be/助动词/情态 动词+主语+其他成分 肯定:Yes,+主语+提问的助动词. 否定:No,+主语+提问的助动词+not
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