both--either--neither用法及练习题
both, either, neither用法各不同
both, either, neither这三个词都可以作代词及形容词，在考试中频频亮相，许多同学都容易将他们混淆，现将它们的用法归纳如下，让大家看个明白，轻轻松松掌握它们的词义、词性及用法。
简表说明：
一、Both用法浅谈
"
Both可作形容词、代词或副词用，意思是“两个”、“双方”、“两个都”。在句中可作主语、宾语或同位语。
如：Both are right.两者都对。(主语) I like both.两个我都喜欢。(宾语)
Both可参与构成名词词组，也可和动词连用，还可与and构成并列连词。在使用时，要注意下列几点：
1、Both和both of后都可接复数名词，构成名词词组。但Both后的名词前可有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词作修饰限定，也可没有；both of后的名词前却一定要有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词作修饰限定。
如：可以说both(the these，her) children；也可以说both of the(these，her)children；但一般不说both of children。
Both of后可接人称代词宾格，both后则不可；但人称代词宾格后可接both。可以说both of us(you，them)，一般不说both us(you，them)，但可以说us(you，them)both。
2、Both与动词连用时，大多数放在系动词be之后，其它动词之前。
如：His parents are both workers. They both enjoy reading.
*
3、Both可与and构成并列连词，连接两个性质相同并在句中作相同成分的并行结构。
如：Both he and his brother are good at English. (连接两个主语)
She can both dance and sing. (连接两个谓语动词)
Mary is both kind and beautiful. (连接两个表语)
4、含both的句子变为否定时，是将both改为neither。
如：当肯定句为Both of the boys are clever.(两个男孩都聪明)时，否定句当为Neither
of the boys are clever.(两个男孩都不聪明)。Both后接复数名词，neither后接单数名词，动词的人称和数也要随之变化。若把句子变为Both of the boys are not clever，则是不完全否定。意思是：并不是两个男孩都聪明(一个聪明一个愚笨)。
5、含both…and…的句子变为否定句时，将both…and…改为neither…nor..，连接的两个部分若是名词，可以是单数，也可以是复数。
如：I know both the man and the woman. 我既认识那男子，也认识那妇女。
]
说明：作为关联并列连词，它通常应连接两个相同性质的句子成分，但有时后一成分可能省略与前一成分相同的词。另外，若连接两个成分作主语，谓语总是用复数。如：Both she and I are good at English. 她和我都擅长英语。
Both teaching and research work are making great strides. 教学与科研都在大踏步前进。
二、either...or...
...or...意为"或者……或者……；不是……就是……"之意。表示两者之一，连接句子中两个并列的成分。例如：
When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances. 那个女孩高兴时，不是唱就是跳。(此句中either...or...连接两个动词，因为主语是单数第三人称，谓语动词要用其相应的形式。)
either...or...连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就是我们通常说的"就近原则"。例如：
…
Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。
2.注意：如果把上句变成一般疑问句，助动词形式与主语you保持一致，所以要用are 提问，而不是am。例如：
Are either you or I going there tomorrow 明天是你还是我去那里
Either you or he has lunch at school. 其一般疑问句应为：Do either you or he have lunch at school 是你还是他在学校吃午饭
3. 若要对either...or...句型进行否定时，只需把either...or...换成neither...nor...即可。例如：
Either you or she is good at drawing. 变为否定句应为：Neither you nor she is good at drawing. 你和她都不擅长绘画。
4. either用在否定句的句末，表示"也"的意思。例如：
If you don't go there. I won't, either. 如果你不去那里，我也不去。
【
三、neither...nor...
1. neither...nor...表示"既不……也不……"。其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成份。例如：
She likes neither butter nor cheese. 她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。此句中neither...nor...连接两个宾语。当neither...nor...连接两个主语时，也应遵循"就近原则"。例如：
Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。
2.若将neither...nor...句型变为肯定句，只需把neither...nor...改为both...and...即可，同时谓语动词必须用复数形式。例如：
Both dad and mum are at home today. 今天父母都在家。
还可以单独使用neither作主语，表示"两者中没有一个"。例如：
Neither of them likes football. 他们俩都不喜欢足球。
?
3. neither或nor还有另外一种用法，就是当表达一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事时，可用neither或nor进行简略回答，其结构为：Neither / Nor+助动词 / 情态动词 / be动词+主语。例如：
He doesn\'t go to school by bike. Neither / Nor do I. 他不是骑自行车上学，我也不是。
They didn\'t go to the park yesterday. Neither / Nor did we. 昨天他们没去公园，我们也没去。
四、either of ,neither of, both of 和all of 的用法
先来一个总结，再给例子：either of (两者其一) ；neither of(两者都不)
这两个后＋单数；both of (两者都)，后＋复数；all of (三者或三者以上都是) none of (三者或三者以上都不是)
of 是指“两者有其一......” Either of us speaks English. （注意“speaks“）…
of是指“两者都不...”用于否定句 Neither of us speaks English. (注意“speaks “）
both of是指两者都...... 用于肯定句 Both the boys are clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。
of与both of 注意区别两者的意思,不同的意思,单复数不一样.
① There are two apples on the table; you can take either of them. 桌上有两只苹果，随你拿哪一只。
② There are two apples on the table; you can take both of them. 桌上有两只苹果，你可以把两只都拿去。
③ There are trees on either side of the street. 街的两边（每一边）绿树成荫。
④ There are trees on both sides of the street. 街的两边绿树成荫。
%
of是指所有人（或物）都...（超过两个）
All of the Chinese students are Young Pioneers.所有中国学生都是少先队员。
否定式:Not all of，意思是“不全是” (千万不要误认为是“全部都不是”。)
Not all of us went to school yesterday.昨天我们不全都来上学。
对比:All of us went to school yesterday.昨天我们全都来上学.
of 是指“所有人（或物）都不...”全部否定（超过三个）
以None of 开头的句子，谓语动词用单数或复数均可。
|
None of ...作主语，强调个体时，谓语动词用单数；若强调整体时，谓语动词则用复数。
None of us speaks English. （注意“speaks“）
He likes none of these books.这些书他一本也不喜欢
None of the money is mine. 这笔钱没有一点是我的.
None of these cars is [are] new.这些汽车没有一辆是新的.
]
:
练习题
1、There are many tall trees on _______side of the street.
A both
B all
C either
D neither
2、-Do you want an apple or a pear？
-I really don't mind ________.
A both
B none
C either
D neither D
3、The math problem is very the student in
class One can work it out.
A All
B Both
C None
D Neither D
I come this evening or tomorrow morning？
-_________ is 'm free today and tomorrow.
A
5..May I have two tickets,pleaseSorry there’s ________ left.
6..On ________ side of the road there are many white tall buildings.
7..Not ________ woman can do that kind of work.
would you like,a cup of tea or a glass of milk？
--- think I’ll just have a glass of water.
9..Which sweater do you prefer,the yellow one or the pink one？
-- like a light blue one.
____ Jack may go with you because one of them must stay at home.
.； nor ； and . ； or . only； but also
11.______ of us has read the story,so we know nothing about it..
.
12.Mary doesn't like ..
do I do I . do I I don't
13.—Can you come on Monday or Tuesday—I'm afraid ___ day is possible.
A.either
are many trees ______ of the road!And ___ of trees is growing larger and larger.…
both side,a number each sides,a number
both sides,the number every side,the number
John nor cousin ______to Canada,but they know the country very well.
A.have visited gone been gone
you come on Monday or TuesdayI’m afraid ________ day is possible.
A.either
17..If you don’t go tomorrow,________.
do I am I will I will I
of his twin sons ________ well.
,sing ,sing ,sings ,sings
don’t like ________ of the two pairs of I .
,So don’t ,Neither don’t ,Nor do ,So do
答案：1-5：CDDAB 6-10：CCBDC 11-15：CABCC 16-20：BDAC