人教版高中英语必修一book1unit5grammar(定语从句(二))

GRAMMAR
定语从句（二）
定语从句除了用that, which, who, whom, whose等关系代词引导外，还可以用when, where, why等关系副词以及“介词+ which / whom”引导。

【语境展示】观察下面句子，并试着归纳关系副词以及“介词+ which / whom”引导定语从句时的用法。

1. I will never forget the day when / on which we first met.
2. We visited the house where / in which the famous scientist once lived.
3. The reason why / for which John changed his mind is not clear.
4. I finished reading the book in which the 13-year-old boy described his life.
5. The teacher from whom I learnt most was Mrs. Brown.
6. The thing about which Mr. Johnson was not too sure was the young man’s honesty.
【自我归纳】
★关系副词引导定语从句
先行词表时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语时，从句用关系副词________ 引导（句1）；先行词表地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语时，从句用关系副词where引导（句2）；先行词表________（只有reason一词），关系词在从句中作原因状语时，从句用关系副词why引导（句3）。

关系副词when，where，why在意义上都相当于一个“介词+ which”结构（句1—句3）。

★介词+ which / whom引导定语从句
在“介词+ which / whom”引导的定语从句中，which用于指代物（句1、句2、句3、句4、句6），whom用于指代人（句5）。

“介词+ which / whom”结构中介词的选择一般取决于习惯搭配或主从句的意义（句1—句6）。

注意：在定语从句中，含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面。

如：Is this the knife (which / that) you are looking for?
The child (whom / that) the nurses are looking after is very well now.
【即学即练】
I. 将下面两个句子合成一个含有定语从句的复合句。

1. I remember one summer. The whole family went to the lake then.
________________________________________
2. There are a few students. I can’t remember their names.
________________________________________
3. The bookstore is having a sale this week. I bought my books from it.
________________________________________
4. I have never heard of the singer. My son talks about her.
________________________________________
5. Emily and I shared a room. We spent nights talking there.
________________________________________
II. 用适当的关系副词或“介词+ which / whom”填空。

1. We’d like to know the reason ________ she didn’t accept the job.
2. This was at a time ________ there was no radio, TV or cinema.
3. The hotel ________ we stayed was both cheap and comfortable.
4. Carl is the man ________ you can depend.
5. This is the dictionary ________ I paid 5 dollars.
6. That wasn’t the reason ________ your brother lied to you.
7. We all remember the days ________ we studied together at school.
8. The pen ________ I do my homework is a birthday present from my father.
9. This is the street ________ Jack parks his car.
III. 用适当的关系词补全下面短文。

Children are always happy on the day 1. ________ summer vacation begins. They think about the plans 2. ________ they have for the summer. Some children go to a day camp 3. ________is near their home. At the end of the day, they can go home. Other kids choose to go to a camp in the country 4. ________ they are instructed by camp counselors. These counselors are often college students 5. ________ are trying to earn a little extra money during their summer
vacation. Some kids go to specialized (专业的) camps. There they can improve a particular skill
or learn a new hobby 6. ________they are interested in. This is the reason 7. ________ specialized camps are popular with both parents and kids. There are some kids 8. ________ parents take them on a trip in a car. They often visit state and national parks.
参考答案
【自我归纳】 when；原因
【即学即练】
I.
1. I remember one summer when / in which the whole family went to the lake.
2. There are a few students whose names I can’t remember.
3. The bookstore where / from which I bought my books is having a sale this week.
4. I have never heard of the singer about whom my son talks.
5. Emily and I shared a room where / in which we spent nights talking.
II. 1. why / for which 2. when / at which 3. where / at which / in which
4. on whom / upon whom
5. for which
6. why / for which
7. when / during which
8. with which
9. where / in which
III.
1. when
2. that / which
3. which / that
4. where
5. who / that
6. which / that
7. why 8. whose。