[水产渔业]2010免疫刺激剂
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– Heptanoyl-y-D-glutamyl-(L)-meso-diaminopimelyl(D)-alanine，庚酮-谷氨酸-内消旋-二氨基庚二基-丙 氨酸
h
14
FK-565 in Rainbow trout
• Injection of FK-565
h
7
Levamisole
• Anthelminthic drug
·HCl
• In mand phagocytic activities of neutrophils
– ↑ number of phagocytes and leucocytes
– ↑ level of lsozyme in serum
complement • 溶菌酶
neutrophils • 自然杀伤细胞
natural killer cells
lysozyme • 干扰素
interferon，IFN • 转铁蛋白
transferrin
h
2
适应性免疫系统的主要成员
• B淋巴细胞与抗体 • 辅助T淋巴细胞（Th cells)
与细胞因子（cytokines) • 细胞毒性T淋巴细胞 （cytotoxic T cells, CTL)
h
10
Effects of levamisole on fish Spleen cells
• ↑Phagocytic activity • ↑NBT reaction • ↑Number of antibody-producing cells • High dose
– No stimulation – Completely suppress
h
3
P P
C3b
MA C
P 感染的细胞
激活的补体系统
自然杀伤细胞 激活的NK
巨噬细胞 激活的Mф
h
MA C
P
C3b
P
4
APCs Th cells Activated Th
激活的 B细胞
B细胞
CTL细胞
P P
h
激活的 CTL细胞
5
Comparison of characteristics of chemotherapeutics, vaccines and
• Rainbow trout in 5ug/ml for 30min
– ↑Phagocytic activity and index – ↑Specific antibody titers 2min later in
A.salmonicida O-antigen bacterin
h
13
FK-565
h
short
6
免疫刺激剂
• Immunostimunants – Synthetic chemicals • Levamisole • FK-565 – Biological substances • Bacterial derivatives • Animal and plant extracts
h
8
In Coho salmon and Carp
• Injection of levamisole + modified Freund’s complete adjuvant increased Coho salmon’s resistance to A. salmonicida.
• Injection of levamisole increased the phagocytic activity and myeloperoxidase activity of neutrophils, leucocyte numbers and serum lysozyme levels in carp.
immunostimulants
When
Chemo-
vaccine Immuno-
therapeutically prophylactically Pro-
Efficacy excellent
excellent
good
Spectrum middle
limited
wide
Duration short
long
h
9
In Rainbow trout
Injection of levamisole （0.1-0.5mg/kg） • ↑Resistance to Vibrio anguillarum • ↑Phagocytic activity and
chemiluminescance responses of leucocytes • ↑NK cell activities • ↑Concentration of complement • No effects with high dose（5mg/kg）
h
12
Immersion of levamisole
• Carp in 10ug/ml for 24h
– ↑ Resistance to A.hydrophila – ↑Chemotactic ability of phagocytes – ↑Phagocytic activity and chemiluminescence
调节免疫功能的药物
• 免疫调节剂 Immunomodulator 能抑制或或增强机体免疫机能的药物。
– 免疫抑制剂 Immunosuppressant
– 免疫增强剂 Immunopotentiator Immunostimunants
h
1
天然免疫系统的主要成员
• 巨噬细胞
• 补体系统
macrophage • 嗜中粒细胞
• FK-156 – Lactoyl tetrapeptide, isolated from cultures of Streptomyces olivaceogriseus, is active against microbial infection in mice.
• FK-565 is the synthetic derivative of FK-156.
h
11
Oral administration of levamisole
• ↑Leucocyte numbers • ↑Serum lysozyme levels • ↑The stimulated NBT reduction and
phagocytic index of phagocytic cells
h
14
FK-565 in Rainbow trout
• Injection of FK-565
h
7
Levamisole
• Anthelminthic drug
·HCl
• In mand phagocytic activities of neutrophils
– ↑ number of phagocytes and leucocytes
– ↑ level of lsozyme in serum
complement • 溶菌酶
neutrophils • 自然杀伤细胞
natural killer cells
lysozyme • 干扰素
interferon，IFN • 转铁蛋白
transferrin
h
2
适应性免疫系统的主要成员
• B淋巴细胞与抗体 • 辅助T淋巴细胞（Th cells)
与细胞因子（cytokines) • 细胞毒性T淋巴细胞 （cytotoxic T cells, CTL)
h
10
Effects of levamisole on fish Spleen cells
• ↑Phagocytic activity • ↑NBT reaction • ↑Number of antibody-producing cells • High dose
– No stimulation – Completely suppress
h
3
P P
C3b
MA C
P 感染的细胞
激活的补体系统
自然杀伤细胞 激活的NK
巨噬细胞 激活的Mф
h
MA C
P
C3b
P
4
APCs Th cells Activated Th
激活的 B细胞
B细胞
CTL细胞
P P
h
激活的 CTL细胞
5
Comparison of characteristics of chemotherapeutics, vaccines and
• Rainbow trout in 5ug/ml for 30min
– ↑Phagocytic activity and index – ↑Specific antibody titers 2min later in
A.salmonicida O-antigen bacterin
h
13
FK-565
h
short
6
免疫刺激剂
• Immunostimunants – Synthetic chemicals • Levamisole • FK-565 – Biological substances • Bacterial derivatives • Animal and plant extracts
h
8
In Coho salmon and Carp
• Injection of levamisole + modified Freund’s complete adjuvant increased Coho salmon’s resistance to A. salmonicida.
• Injection of levamisole increased the phagocytic activity and myeloperoxidase activity of neutrophils, leucocyte numbers and serum lysozyme levels in carp.
immunostimulants
When
Chemo-
vaccine Immuno-
therapeutically prophylactically Pro-
Efficacy excellent
excellent
good
Spectrum middle
limited
wide
Duration short
long
h
9
In Rainbow trout
Injection of levamisole （0.1-0.5mg/kg） • ↑Resistance to Vibrio anguillarum • ↑Phagocytic activity and
chemiluminescance responses of leucocytes • ↑NK cell activities • ↑Concentration of complement • No effects with high dose（5mg/kg）
h
12
Immersion of levamisole
• Carp in 10ug/ml for 24h
– ↑ Resistance to A.hydrophila – ↑Chemotactic ability of phagocytes – ↑Phagocytic activity and chemiluminescence
调节免疫功能的药物
• 免疫调节剂 Immunomodulator 能抑制或或增强机体免疫机能的药物。
– 免疫抑制剂 Immunosuppressant
– 免疫增强剂 Immunopotentiator Immunostimunants
h
1
天然免疫系统的主要成员
• 巨噬细胞
• 补体系统
macrophage • 嗜中粒细胞
• FK-156 – Lactoyl tetrapeptide, isolated from cultures of Streptomyces olivaceogriseus, is active against microbial infection in mice.
• FK-565 is the synthetic derivative of FK-156.
h
11
Oral administration of levamisole
• ↑Leucocyte numbers • ↑Serum lysozyme levels • ↑The stimulated NBT reduction and
phagocytic index of phagocytic cells