英美文学选读复习资料

英国文学选读复习资料

一.Geoffrey Chaucer （1340-1400）杰弗里.乔叟时期

1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父

2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed（押韵）lines in iambic pentameter（五步抑扬格）

3、代表作：the Can terbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事（英国文学史的开端）

人文主义先驱，the father of En glish poetry.. 第一个用英语写作的诗人。

二.William Shakespeare

1. The four great tragedies by William Shakespeare are Hamlet , Othello , King Lear , Macbeth .四大喜剧是 A Midsummer Night's Dream ;As you like it ;Twelfth Night ;The mercha nt of Venice .

the period of Revolution and Restoration （17 世纪）资产阶级革命与王权复辟

prose 散文

1、文学特点：the Puritans（清教徒）believed in simplicity of life 、disapproved of the sonnets and the love poetry 、breaking up of old ideals.

清教徒崇尚俭朴的生活、拒绝十四行诗和爱情诗、与旧思想脱离。

2、代表人物：

1）、John Donne 约翰.多恩The founder of the “ metaphysical ” poets （玄学派诗人）的

代表人物

代表作:Love lyrics:Songs and sonnets.The Flea.

A Valediction: forbidding morning

作品特点：① strike the reader in DonnW s extraordinary frankness and penetrating realism.（坦诚的态度和现实描绘）

②novelty of subject matter an d poi nt（新颖的题材和视角）

③novelty of its form.（新颖的形式）

2）、Joh n Milt on 约翰.弥尔顿a great poet 诗人（poem 诗歌bla nk verse ）was a

_radical puritan in politics and religi on. 激进清教徒分子。

《Defense for the English People 》为英国人辩护

《Paradise Lost》失乐园“ Sata n is n ot a villain ”撒旦不是坏人

《Paradise Regained 》复乐园

Joh n Milt on 's three great poems are _Paradise lcst_ （无韵诗bland verse 故事情节来自Ole Testament,要知道此书的them 和Satan 的形象），_Paradise Regained , Samson Agonistes

（poetical drama

the Romantic Period （1798-1832）浪漫主义

Pre-Roma nticism was greatly in flue need by the In dustrial Revoluti on and the French Revolutio n

前浪漫主义极大地影响了工业革命和法国大革命。

教育意义Educational : liberty, equality and fraternity 自由，平等，博爱

开始的标志：beginning with the publication of William Wordsworth ' s 《Lyrical Ballads》抒情歌谣集

从威廉.华兹华斯发表的”抒情歌谣"开始

Lyrical ballads 抒情歌谣集（柯勒律治合编，浪漫主义宣言书）I wa ndered Ion ely as a Cloud. （最

作品特点：simplicity and purity of the Ianguage, fighting against the conventional forms of the 18th cen tury poetry

11.Jane Austen 's subject matter was restricted to a narrow range of society and events, _ a quiet, prosperous.middle-class circle _ in provincial surroundings.

Jane Austen，s novels, in order of publication, are Sense and Sensibility , _Pride and Prejudice—_Mansfield Park_ 曼斯菲尔德望庄园_Emma , Northanger Abbey_ 诺桑觉诗, _Persuasion_劝导.她是中产阶级小说的发起人。

13. Percy Bysshe Shelley 雪莱

P. B. Shelly's Ode to the West Wind is in the form of _ terza rima _三行诗节，whose rhyme scheme is _ aba,bcb,cbc,ded_. 最后两行为ee.和Byron拜伦是晚期的浪漫主义。

主要作品：《Prometheus Unbound》解放的普罗米修斯（drama）. A Defenee of Poetry 诗辩Ode to her West Wind 西风颂To a Skylark 致云雀。The Revolt of Islam 伊斯兰的反叛。

14. John Keats 's many odes are looked upon as the greatest achievement in the history of English literature; amo ng them are _Ode to a Nighti ngale_, _Ode to Autumn_, （这个最重要）_Ode on a Grecian Urn _.希腊古瓮颂Ode on Melancholy忧郁颂（不太重要）他的诗歌没有雪莱和拜伦那么强的革命性，他的诗歌是为了缔造一个唯美的世界，为了追求美而写作的。poem