高中英语北师大unit12词汇解析

1、owe
重要考点1
Owe it to sb to do sth/that 从句
其实就是owe sth. to sb. 的变形只不过sth.较长，使用了形式主语it，真正的主语为to do 或that 引导的从句
学生感悟：
参看一轮书例句3 和例句5
重要考点2
Owing to 因为，由于
这个词的近义词有：
Because of; on account of; due to 注意这些词都不能接句子，需要接n或doing 学生练习：
由于恶劣的天气，航班延误了几个小时
Owing to the bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.
重要考点3
Owe 和own 的区别
词性区别
owe 动词
own 既可以作形容词也可以作动词
举例：
Tom 有一辆红色的车
Tom owns a red car.
这是我自己的车
This is my own car.
2、absorb
重要考点1
具体词义要牢记
例句感悟：
Plants absorb oxygen.
The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city.
It's difficult to absorb all the information at once.
He has absorbed in this hobby for several years.
重要考点2
Be absorbed in doing sth
全神贯注做某事
学生练习：
他如此专注于学习以至于忘记了吃午饭。

He was so absorbed in studying that he forgot to have lunch.
拓展延伸：
请将上句改为倒装句：
So absorbed was he in studying that he forgot to have lunch.
请将此句改为过去分词作状语的句子：
Absorbed in studying, he forgot to have lunch.
3、get used to
略讲
4、exchange
重要考点1：
汉语意思除了有“交换”之外，还有“交流”的含义。

例句感悟：
He exchanged a quick smile with her and then entered the lift.
You can exchange your idea with your partner and then write I down.
总结：可以交换的单词为“smile、idea、words等”
学生练习：
我与经理握手，相互交谈了几句。

I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager.
5、majority
重要考点1：
相关词及短语
majority major 对应minority minor
major in 意为“主修”
例句感悟：
What subject are you planning to major in?
学生练习：
我在大学的时候主修的专业是英语：
I majored in English when I was in college.
重要考点2
详见一轮书“注意”部分以及例句1、2
6、curiously
重要考点1：
名词的拼写：curiosity 一般用作不可数名词
例句感悟：
Curiosity killed the cat.
好奇害死猫
学生练习：
儿童对一切事物都显露出好奇心。

Children show curiosity about everything.
词汇拓展：
with curiosity = curiously
例句感悟：
The woman in the shop looked at him with curiosity.
拓展延伸：
with fluency = fluently
学生练习：
我的英语是如此的好以至于我可以和本地人流利地交流。

So good is my English that I can communicate with native speakers with fluency.
7、request
基本用法：
request sb. to do sth. 基本等同于ask
重要考点：
虚拟语气
在表示“坚持”、“命令”、“建议”、“要求”等后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。

这类动词可以归纳为“一坚持（insist）；二命令（order，command）；三要求（demand，require，request）；四建议（advise，suggest，propose，recommend）”，这类虚拟语气由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should通常
可以省略。

延伸拓展：
以上这些动词的宾语从句要用虚拟语气外，相应的名词后的表语从句以及同位语从句也要用虚拟语气：
例句感悟1：
We agree to the suggestion that they (should) work on night shifts in turn.
He agreed with the requirement that the experiment (should) be done tomorrow.
总结：以上为同位语从句的虚拟语气
例句感悟2：
His order is that you (should) send the materials to the work site at once.
总结：以上为表语从句的虚拟语气
学生练习：
They requested us not to smoke in the restaurant.
把上句改写为虚拟语气：
They requested us that we should not smoke in the restaurant.
8. familiar
略讲
9. see … off
基本词义：
解析，字面意思为“目送别人离开”
重点考点1：
see to it that 确保，保证
例句感悟：
I will see to it that he will not be late tomorrow.
We must see to it that the men are sent before midnight.
学生练习：
当你离开时，你要确保所有的窗户都关好了。

You must see to it that all the windows are shut when you leave.
重要考点2：
see ing that… 因为、由于、鉴于
思考拓展：
Given that “考虑到”
例句感悟：
Seeing that nobody was at home, I had to leave.
学生练习：
鉴于这是你的第一次尝试，你已经做得很好了。

Seeing that this is your first attempt, you have done it very well.
10、attach
重要考点1
英文释义：
1、to fasten or join one thing to another
例句感悟：
They have attached a number of conditions to the agreement attach … to …
学生练习：
我将把我的评语附在这页上。

I'll attach my comments to this page.
2、~ importance, significance, value, weight, etc. (to sth)
例句感悟：
You attached great importance to what the man said.
学生练习：
我认为这项研究十分重要。

I attach great importance to this research.
3、引申含义
学生翻译：He is so attached to the network games that he often plays truant.
11、bear
这个单词意思非常多，用法比较复杂，可以通过不同的词性来进行理解和记忆。

学习流程，建议学生先在自查再讲解。

学习要求：小组合作，查出相应词性下该词的短语用法，动词查出过去式和过去分词的拼写。

学习工具：牛津字典笔记本
学习方式：小组合作
n.
1、熊polar bear / teddy bear
2、On the stock market, bears are people who sell shares in expectation of a drop in price, in order to make a profit by buying them back again after a short time.
反义词是：bull
v.
1
(used with can/could in negative sentences and questions 在否定句和疑问句中与can / could连用) 承受；忍受
to be able to accept and deal with sth unpleasant
同义词：stand
[VN] The pain was almost more than he could bear.
这种痛苦几乎使他无法忍受。

She couldn't bear the thought of losing him.
失去他的情况她想都不敢想。

[V -ing] I can't bear having cats in the house.
家里有猫我可受不了。

[V to inf] How can you bear to eat that stuff?
你怎么吃得下那种东西？
[V -ing , V to inf] He can't bear being laughed at.
他无法忍受遭人嘲笑。

He can't bear to be laughed at.
他无法忍受遭人嘲笑。

2
[VN] (formal) 承担责任
to take responsibility for sth
She bore the responsibility for most of the changes.
她对大多数变革负责。

Do parents have to bear the whole cost of tuition fees?
父母是否应当负担全部学费？
You shouldn't have to bear the blame for other people's mistakes. 你不应该非得代人受过。

3
~ sth (against/towards sb) | ~ sb sth
心怀（感情，尤指坏心情）
to have a feeling, especially a negative feeling
[VN] He bears no resentment towards them.
他对他们毫无怨恨。

[VNN] She bore him no ill will .
她对他没有恶意。

[VN , VNN] He's borne a grudge against me ever since that day. 从那一天起他便对我怀恨在心。

He's borne me a grudge ever since that day.
从那一天起他便对我怀恨在心。

4
[VN] 支撑；承受（重量）
to support the weight of sb/sth
The ice is too thin to bear your weight.
冰太薄，承受不住你的重量。

5
[VN] (formal) 显示；带有
to show sth; to carry sth so that it can be seen
The document bore her signature.
文件上有她的签字。

He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the scars.
他在战争中负了重伤，现在还留有伤疤。

She bears little resemblance to (= is not much like) her mother.
她很不像她的母亲。

The title of the essay bore little relation to (= was not much connected with) the contents.
这篇文章的题目与内容很不相符。

6
[VN] (formal) 有（某个名称）
to have a particular name
a family that bore an ancient and honored name
名门世家
7
[VN] (old-fashioned or formal) 携带
to carry sb/sth, especially while moving
three kings bearing gifts
三个带着礼品的国王
8
[VN] ~ yourself well, etc.
(formal) 举止；表现
to move, behave or act in a particular way
He bears himself (= stands, walks, etc.) proudly, like a soldier.
他举手投足傲气十足，像个军人。

She bore herself with dignity throughout the funeral.
整个葬礼过程中她都保持着尊严。

9
(formal) 生（孩子）
to give birth to a child
[VN] She was not able to bear children.
她不能生育。

[VNN] She had borne him six sons.
她为他生了六个儿子。

10
[VN] (formal) 开（花）；结（果实）
to produce flowers or fruit
总结：通过以上词义，大家对bear 的动词含义有什么总结和发现呢？
老师总结：bear作动词就是“沉重的有”，比如熊，就是肚子里有货，包括承担，忍受，携带，生育（怀着孩子的沉重）等。

习语
bear fruit
成功；取得成果
to have a successful result
bear hard, heavily, severely, etc. on sb (formal) 使为难；使受苦；压迫
to be a cause of difficulty or suffering to sb Taxation bears heavily on us all.
赋税给我们大家带来沉重的负担。

bear/keep sb/sth in mind
bear/keep in mind that…
将…记在心中；记起；考虑
to remember sb/sth; to remember or consider that…
12、spot
重要考点1：
汉语意思浓缩
名词：点、斑点、污点、地点、一点
动词：看见，发现
重要考点2：
几个短语的用法
spot sb doing sth.
be spotted with
on the spot = on the scene。