北京清华大学附属中学最新 高考英语任务型阅读专题练习(附答案)

北京清华大学附属中学最新高考英语任务型阅读专题练习(附答案)
一、高中英语任务型阅读
1．请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

There's a contradiction in the way many of us behave online: we know we're being watched all the time, and disapprove of the monitor by Google and the government. But the bounds of what's considered too personal to be uploaded or shared online seems to shrink by the day.
I complain about the lack of privacy, for example, and yet I willingly and routinely trade it for convenience. I no longer run the risk of unforeseen delays on public transport; Google Maps will inform me of the fastest route to my destination; I no longer need to remember my friends' birthdays; Facebook will urge me, and invariably appeal to me to post an update to remind people I exist. All I have to do is make my location, habits and beliefs transparent to their parent companies whenever they choose to check in on me.
So what's going on? “Visibility is a trap,” explained the French philosopher Michel Foucault in Discipline and Punish: the Birth of the Prison(1975). Allowing oneself to be watched, and learning to watch others, is both attractive and dangerous. He took for example “Panopticon”, a prison where prisoners were observed from a tower manned by an invisible occupant. The prisoners would believe in the presence of the mysterious watchman, whether or not anyone was actually inside, and behave themselves.
According to Foucault, the dynamics of the Panopticon are similar to how generally people self-monitor in society. In the presence of ever-watching witness, people police themselves. They don't know what the observers are looking for, or what the punishments are for disobedience (不顺从). But they willingly accept and follow this invisible discipline.
Foucault claimed that such monitoring is worrisome, not just because of what companies and states might do with our data, but because the act of watching is itself a terrible exercise of power, which may influence behavior without our fully realizing it.
But something's not right here. Why does the self-display continue when we are sure that we are watched from everywhere and nowhere?
Social media provides a public space that often operates more like a private one, where many people hold the belief that there they won't suffer the consequences of what they say online, as if protected by technology.
Plato would be alarmed by the lack of shame online. His point about moral knowledge is this: we already know the right way to live a just and fulfilling life, but are constantly distracted(转移) from that noble aim. For him, then, shame helps us be true to ourselves and to pay attention to the moral knowledge within. A man without shame, Plato says, is a slave to desire — for material goods, power, fame, respect. Such desire, by its nature, cannot be satisfied.
Phenomenon While people hate being monitored, the ________ of privacy is gradually becoming a more serious problem.
My experience I complain about the lack of privacy but still exchange it for convenience.
convenience* I ________ on Google maps for the fastest route to avoid delays on public transport.
* Facebook will remind me of my friends' birthdays, and
appeal to me to be updated.
cost I must make my ________ information available to relevant companies.
Michel Foucault's explanations Idea: Visibility is a trap.
An analogy:
* In the Panopticon, prisoners behave themselves just because they believed they were watched by an ________ watchman.
* In real life, the way people self-monitor ________ the dynamics of the Panopticon. They willingly follow the invisible discipline.
Worries: Our data may be ________ and monitoring may influence us to change our behavior ________.
Reasons for contraction Though being watched, self-display continues because some netizens think that they don't need to take ________ for what they say online.
Conclusion*Shame is essential in leading a just and fulfilling life.
*Shame helps us stay true to ourselves and focus on our ________.
*Shame can ________ us being a slave to desires for fame and fortune.
【答案】 invasion /violation /leak /lack
；depend /rely /count
；private /personal
；invisible
；resembles
；abused/ misused
；unconsciously
；responsibility
；morality /moral(s)
；prevent/stop
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，我们所有网上的行为都被监视，虽然网络给我们带来了便利，但隐私的泄露却给我带来了很大的影响。

很多人尽管知道自己的行为被监视，却仍然在网上我行我素，认为自己的行为不会带来严重的后果，文章认为这主要是因为缺少羞耻心。

（1）考查同义转换。

根据第一段中的“There's a contradiction in the way many of us behave online: we know we're being watched all the time, and disapprove of the monitor by Google and the government.”可知当我们上网的时候，我们的行为都收到了监视。

我们的隐私被泄露
了，而且这已经成为一个有利于严重的问题。

所以本句要填名词invasion /violation /leak /lack。

（2）考查同义转换。

根据第二段中的“Google Maps will inform me of the fastest route to my destination”可知我依靠Google地图可以寻找到最快的路线。

所以句中要填depend /rely /count。

（3）考查同义转换。

根据第二段中的“All I have to do is make my loc ation, habits and beliefs transparent to their parent companies whenever they choose to check in on me.”可知如果我想得到便利，必须要把我的私人信息上传到相关的网站上。

所以句中要填private /personal。

（4）考查原词再现。

根据第三段中的“He took for example “Panopticon”, a prison where prisoners were observed from a tower manned by an invisible occupant.”可知这所监狱里的囚犯行为得体主要是因为他们一直认为有他们看不见的人在监视着他们，句中出现了原词“invisible”，所以句中要填invisible。

（5）考查同义转换。

根据第四段中的“According to Foucault, the dynamics of the Panopticon are similar to how generally people self-monitor in society.”可知现实生活里的人和监狱里的人一样，他们都认为有看不见的人在监视着他们，所以他们的举止得体。

句中使用动词resemble与原句中be similar to语义一致，句中主语是单数名词the way，所以要填resembles。

（6）考查句意理解。

根据第五段“…not just because of what companies and states might do with our data…”可知我们的隐私可能会被有关公司滥用，而我们自己却一点也不清楚。

所以句中要填abused/ misused。

（7）考查同义转换。

根据第五段最后“which may influence behavior without our fully realizing it.”可知这是在我们没有完全意识到的情况下对我们的行为会有影响。

句中使用副词unconsciously替换介词短语“without our fully realizing it”，所以要填unconsciously。

（8）考查句意理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“where many people hold the belief that there they won't suffer the consequences of what they say online, as if protected by technology.”可知虽然很多人知道网络行为被监视，但他们仍然认为自己不会承担不好的结果。

所以句中要填responsibility。

（9）考查句意理解。

根据倒数第三句“For him, then, shame helps us be true to ourselves and to pay attention to the moral knowledge w ithin.”可知羞耻感会让人们保持真实性，并关注内心的道德。

句中要填名词承担focus on的宾语，所以要填morality /moral(s)。

（10）考查句意理解。

根据倒数第二句“A man without shame, Plato says, is a slave to desire —for material goods, power, fame, respect.”可知柏拉图认为没有羞耻感的人会成为欲望的奴隶。

说明羞耻感可以阻止人们被欲望奴役。

所以句中要填prevent/stop。

【点评】本题考点涉及同义转换，原词再现和句意理解等题型的考查，要求考生准确掌握所给材料内容，结合相关的词汇知识和词汇知识，写出正确的答案。

2．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Most of us lead unhealthy lives; we spend far too much sitting down. If in addition we are
careless about our diets, our bodies soon become loose and fatty and our systems slow moving.
________I am thinking of such features of modern city life as pollution, noise, rushed meals and stress. But keeping fit is a way to reduce the effects of these evils. The usual suggestion to a person who is looking for a way to keep fit is to take up some sport or other. While it is true that every weekend you will find people playing football and hockey in the local park, they are outnumbered a hundred to one by the people who are simply watching them.
For those who do not particularly enjoy competitive sports—________—there are such separate activities as cycling, walking, jogging and swimming. What often happens though is that you do them in such a leisurely way, so slowly, that it is doubtful if you are doing yourself much good, except for the fact that you have at least managed to get up out of your armchair.
Even after you have found a way for keeping in shape, through sport or gymnastics, ________, because, according to the experts, you must also master the art of complete mental and physical relaxation. ________Yoga, as practiced in the West, is the most widely known and popular of the systems for achieving the necessary state of relaxation. It seems ironical (讽刺性的), though, that as our lives have improved in a material sense we have found it increasingly necessary to go back to forms of activity—________—which were the natural way of life of our forefathers.
A. be active and practise Yoga
B. There are some aspects of our unhealthy lives that we cannot avoid.
C. and it is especially difficult to do so if you are not good at them
D. physical effort on the one hand and relaxation on the other
E. they spent most of the time out of doors
F. you are still only half way to good health
G. It has to do with deep breathing, emptying your mind of all thoughts, meditation, and so on.【答案】B；C；F；G；D
【解析】文章大意：这是一篇说明文。

主要讲述作者针对如何保持身体健康这一问题给出了一些建议。

（1）考查上下文的语境理解。

由I am thinking of such features of modern city life as pollution, noise, rushed meals and stress. But keeping fit is a way to reduce the effects of these evils.可知这里意思是我们不健康的生活中，有些方面是无法避免的，故答案选B。

（2）考查上下文的语境理解。

由For those who do not particularly enjoy competitive sports —以及— there are such separate activities as cycling, walking, jogging and swimming.可知如果你不擅长它们，做这些运动将特别困难，故答案选C。

（3）考查上下文的语境理解。

由because, according to the experts, you must also master the art of complete mental and physical relaxation.可知这里意思是你仍然在身体健康的半路上，故答案选F。

（4）考查上下文的语境理解。

Yoga, as practiced in the West, is the most widely known and popular of the systems for achieving the necessary state of relaxation. 这里提到了怎么做瑜伽，故答案选G。

（5）考查上下文的语境理解。

由It seems ironical (讽刺性的), though, that as our lives have improved in a material sense we have found it increasingly necessary to go back to forms of activity —以及— which were the natural way of life of our forefathers. 可知这里意思是一方面
体力耗费，另一方面放松，故答案选D。

【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤
1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。

2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。

3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。

3．任务型阅读
Difficult financial times don't mean your giving shuts down.________ There are so many ways to give back that won't hurt your wallet and will enrich your life.
⒈Pick up the phone
Calling someone “for no reason” is an important opportunity to show them that you are thinking of them. You are taking time out of your busy day to reach out. Everyone needs someone to just listen sometimes. They may be filled with joy or sadness________
⒉Write a note
________ It is one thing to say it, but it can be even more meaningful to put it in writing. What if you made a commitment to write a thank-you note to someone every week?
⒊ ________
You never know what someone might be going through a painful divorce, a tough college semester, or just a bad day. Opening up your home will make someone feel appreciated. In addition, it costs less than going out. The leftovers from this dinner can be packaged up for homeless people. That's double giving!
⒋Set aside money from a daily routine to donate
Giving doesn't have to mean a life full of sacrifices. You can still buy a burger or get your nails done________Donate the money you saves: Even $ 5 can make a difference in someone's life.
A. Give a gift to the stomach.
B. Invite someone over for dinner.
C. To take your awareness to a new level, move beyond money.
D. But instead of buying much coffee every week, you can drink less.
E. While some people enjoy receiving gifts, all of us appreciate a kind word.
F. Instead, they allow you to examine how your time and money are spent.
G. Be there to celebrate their good news, or support them with sympathy.
【答案】F；G；E；B；D
【解析】【分析】本篇是说明文。

主要建议人们学会给予和付出。

A. Give a gift to the stomach. 给胃一个礼物。

B. Invite someone over for dinner. 邀请一些人吃饭。

C. To take your awareness to a new level, move beyond money. 把你的意识提到提高度，超越金钱。

D. But instead of buying much coffee every week, you can drink less. 但是代替每周买一些咖啡，你可以喝得更少。

E. While some people enjoy receiving gifts, all of us appreciate a kind word. 但一些人享受收到礼物的时候，我们全都得到感激。

F. Instead, they allow you to examine how your time and money are spent. 反而，他们允许你考查你的钱和时间是怎么花费的。

G. Be there to celebrate their good news, or support them with sympathy. 在那里祝贺他们的好消息，或者给予他们同情和支持。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

上句说经济困难不意味停止付出，与F句花钱吻合，且they与times一致。

故答案F。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

上句提到快乐和忧伤，对应G中好消息和同情。

故答案G。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

小标题就是写几句话，下文提到感谢信，可推内容是好话，良言一句三冬暖，谁不感激？故答案E。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

下文提到敞开家门和剩饭菜，正对应B中请客吃饭。

故答案B。

（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

下文提到节约捐赠，不每周买咖啡就是节约。

故答案D。

【点评】七选五解题技巧：1.理清文章的逻辑和结构，2.在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。

文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。

4．任务型阅读
It is very important for kids to be courageous. A brave child is more likely to withstand negative peer pressure, say no to temptations（诱惑）and flight the good fight.________ It boosts kids' resilience（适应力）, confidence and willpower as their as well as their learning, performance and school engagement. Here are several ways to develop kids' courage:
Model courage. Kids who watch their parents stick their necks out to do the right thing are more likely to do the same.________ Then express how good it feels when you conquer your fear instead of taking a shortcut. Your kids will learn how to take on the tough challenge they face by witnessing how you tackle your fears.
________ Research finds that kids are more likely to be courageous if they believe that their parent them to support those in need. Discuss bravery with your kids: Tell hem Courage is making the choice to do what you know is right even if you are afraid.”
Ask your kids to share their acts of bravery. Learning to be brave takes practice, so encourage your children to do something courageous every day.________A mom I talked to had her kids share their brave deeds at dinner time.
Teach your kids how to reduce their fears. If not kept under control, fear can be powerful.________ You might encourage positive self-talk, such as saying, “I can handle this” or “I have courage to do this.” Or teach your child to take slow, deep breaths to find courage.
A. Talk about values and courage.
B. Courage has other surprising benefits.
C. The good news is that courage can be taught.
D. Teach your child simple strategies to be brave.
E. Let your child see you step out of your comfort zone.
F. In today's uncertain world, kids will need courage and confidence.
G. Then take time to focus on their courageous breakthroughs.
【答案】B；E；A；G；D
【解析】【分析】本文作者首先讲述了有勇气的一些优点，然后针对家长如何帮助孩子们获得勇气这一问题给出了一些建议。

（1）细节理解及推理判断。

根据前文 It is very important for kids to be courageous. 和空后It boosts kids' resilience, confidence and willpower as their as well as their learning, performance and school engagement. 它能增强孩子的韧性、自信心和意志力以及...，这里提到了有勇气的一些优点，故答案为B。

（2）细节理解及推理判断。

根据Kids who watch their parents stick their necks out to do the right thing are more likely to do the same.和Your kids will learn how to take on the tough challenge they face by witnessing how you tackle your fears.这里提到了父母的示范作用，故答案为E。

（3）细节理解及推理判断。

由Research finds that kids are more likely to be courageous if they believe that their parent them to support those in need. Discuss bravery with your kids: Tell hem Courage is making the choice to do what you know is right even if you are afraid.” 可知这里意思是谈论价值观和勇气，故答案为A。

（4）细节理解及推理判断。

根据文中Ask your kids to share their acts of bravery.和A mom I talked to had her kids share their brave deeds at dinner time. 这里提到了家长和孩子们谈论勇敢行为的问题，花时间关注他们的勇敢突破。

故答案为G。

（5）细节理解及推理判断。

You might encourage positive self-talk, such as saying, “I can handle this” or “I have courage to do this.” Or teach your child to take slow, deep breaths to find courage. 这里提到了一些简单的勇敢策略，故答案为D。

【点评】这是一篇七选五任务性阅读题，阅读时首先要弄清作者要向人们介绍说明什么，理解写作意图，理清线索，从而理解文章，看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位找到与选项一致的内容进行正确的判断。

5．任务型阅读
It is now mandatory(强制) for drivers or passengers to wear seatbelts while in a car in all states. In addition, it is also mandatory for kids of be in some kind of specialized car seat. Given the strict requirements in other vehicles, why don't buses have seatbelts?
The main answer, at least for school buses, is that seatbelts do not make school buses safer. Overall, traveling on school buses is the safest way to travel—40 times safer than riding in a car—with only a handful of deaths occurring to passengers on school buses every year. The seats on the school bus are placed very close to each other and have high backs that are thickly padded. As a result, in an accident the students would be propelled forward a very short distance into a padded seatback that in a way is like an airbag. In addition, the fact that people sit high off the ground on school buses also makes it safer to travel on them.
While school buses feature high backed seats and elevated seating locations, the same cannot
be said of city buses. However, from a practical angle, there's little need to require seatbelts on city buses. Although the design of the modern low—floor city bus is less safe than the design of school buses, the fact that city buses rarely travel at speeds greater than 35 miles per hour means that any collision is likely to be small, Also, given that most trips on city buses are short and that many trips have standing passengers, the presence of seatbelts will make even less of a difference.
Another answer why buses do not have seatbelts is cost. It is estimated that adding seatbelts to buses would add between $8,000 and $15,000 to the cost of each bus. In addition, seatbelts would take up room currently used as seats, meaning that each bus would have fewer seating places. The additional room in the bus taken up by seatbelts would mean that bus fleets would have to increase by as much as 15% just to carry the same number of people. Such an increase would be especially difficult in cities that experience overcrowding on their vehicles.
Regardless of whether their passengers have seatbelts, all buses provide seatbelts for drivers and most bus companies make their drivers wear seatbelts in order not to be influenced by a collision.
unnecessary；result；occupying；avoid
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了为什么公共汽车不配带安全带的问题，列出了两种原因：一个原因是公共汽车上的座椅具有安全气囊的作用；另一个原因是公共汽车安装安全带费用太高。

(1)考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的”It is now mandatory(强制)for drivers or passengers to wear
seatbelts while in a car in all states.“可知，每个人在汽车上都需要带安全带，require与主语Everyone之间是动宾关系。

故填required。

(2)考查逻辑推理。

根据第一段中的”why don't buses have seatbelts?“可知，下文讲述为什么公共汽车上没有安全带的原因。

由Topic与The rules可推断，首字母大写，故填Reasons。

(3)考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”The main answer, at least for school buses, is that seatbelts do not make school buses safer.“可知，在公共汽车上，至少在校车上，佩戴安全带并不是更安全的，也就是戴不戴安全带没有影响。

make no difference固定短语“没有影响；不起作用”。

故填difference。

(4)考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”The seats on the school bus are pla ced very close to each other and have high backs that are thickly padded. As a result, in an accident the students would be propelled forward a very short distance into a padded seatback that in a way is like an airbag.“可知，公共汽车的座位靠得很近，座椅有高高的厚厚的椅背，发生在事故时，学生向前撞到椅背上，就像是撞到安全气囊上，可以保护学生避免危险。

can后接动词原形。

故填protect。

(5)考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”In addition, the fact that people sit high off the ground on school buses also makes it safer to travel on them.“可知，在校车上坐得很高也增添了安全性。

动名词作主语谓语动词用单数，add to固定短语“增添”和contribute to固定短语“有助于”都符合语境。

故填adds/contributes。

(6)考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”Also, given that most trips on city buses are short…”可知，城市公交运行的距离短。

a short distance“短距离”。

故填distance。

(7)考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“…that many trips have standing passengers, the presence of seatbelts will make even less of a dif ference.”可推断，城市公交有许多乘客站着，让安全带没有必要。

故填unnecessary。

(8)考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“It is estimated that adding seatbelts to buses would add between $8,000 and $15,000 to the cost of each bus.”可知，安装安全带导致费用提高。

result in固定短语“导致”，故填result。

(9)考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“In addition, seatbe lts would take up room currently used as seats, meaning that each bus would have fewer seating places.”可知，安全带占用公共汽车上的空间，限制了座位的数量。

介词后接动名词，故填occupying。

(10)考查细节理解。

根据最后一段内容可知，所有的公共汽车都为司机提供安全带，用来避免碰撞的影响。

故填avoid。

【点评】本题要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步通过上下文的联系，通过逻辑推理，填上合适的单词。

6．任务型阅读
Choosing the right college for you is not so easy. You should have a general idea of what you want and don't want. The idea can guide you to find what fits your needs best.________
Think about what major you want to study in college. If you know that, just look at colleges that have your major________So think carefully about your major and interests before choosing one.
Where the college is located matters. Anyone who tells you the location isn't important is lying________If you look forward to working in the publishing industry, New York may be your best bet. If your parents want you to stay close to home, please don't consider anywhere that requires a plane ticket to get to.
Think about how much you can afford. Are your parents paying for your education? If so, how much are they willing to spend? Do you have to contribute anything? Financial aid and scholarships exist, but don't count on anything.________These are all things to consider before you fall in love with a college.
Make sure you're going to spend time with the right people. The cool thing about college is that each different one attracts different kinds of people. For the first thing in your life, you get to choose where you get to spend your time and who you get to spend it with.________Make sure that the people you're with for four years are your kind of people.
A. College is about learning what you love.
B. You'd better choose a major that is popular.
C. Go to the college with some people you like.
D. Remember, above all, it is the people that make the place.
E. Are you willing to go into major debt over a school?
F. If you don't like cold weather, stay away from northern schools.
G. These guidelines will help figure out what college you want to go to.
【答案】G；A；F；E；D
【解析】【分析】本文主要就如何选对一所好大学提出了四条建议。

(1)根据上文“你应该对你想要的和不想要的有一个大致的了解。

这个想法可以指导你找到最适合你的需求。

”而下文讲述的是一些指导方针，故G项“这些指导方针有助于弄清楚你想上哪所大学。

”承上启下，故答案为G。

(2)根据下文“所以在选择一个专业之前，要仔细考虑你的专业和兴趣。

”可推知，A项“大学就是学习你所喜欢的。

”符合语境，下一句是对A项的进一步说明，故答案为A。

(3)根据上句：告诉你地点不重要的人在说谎。

再根据空格下句：如果你期盼在出版业工作，纽约可能是你最好的地方。

空格处的内容应该与地点有关，只有F项“如果你不喜欢冷的天气，就远离北方的学校。

”符合语境，故答案为F。

(4)根据本段都是讲钱的事，上句“经济援助和奖学金存在，但不要指望任何东西。

”，下句“在你爱上一所大学之前，这些都是需要考虑的事情。

”，与钱有关的只有E项Are you willing to go into major debt over a school?（你愿意为学校负债吗？）符合语境，故答案为E。

(5)本段讲述的是“确保你会花时间和合适的人在一起。

”，空格上一句说“对于你生命中的第一件事，你可以选择在哪里度过你的时间，以及你将与谁共度。

”故D项“记住，最重要的是，是人制造了场所。

”符合本段语境，都是讲与合适的人待一起。

故答案为D。

【点评】做此类题时，可以快速浏览备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合在文章中的什么位置，标题，段首，段中，段尾。

不同的位置的句子有不同特征，有时候有的答案表述上就是错误。

7．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.________
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. ________ We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.________
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.________ The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.
If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. ________ “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.
A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B. It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
D. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
E. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
F. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.
G. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giuli o Tononi, who developed the idea.
【答案】 D；C；G；F；B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了睡觉对神经元的影响。

（1）根据上一句的When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.（实验室的小老鼠若不让它睡觉，它不到一个月就死了）可知，D项“同样，人若几天不睡觉就会生病。

”符合语境，故选D。

（2）结合上文提到睡眠帮助我们加强记忆，而C项中说“这就是为什么学生在学习之后有机会睡一觉的话，考试的成绩会更好。

”是对上一句的进一步说明举例，C项最切题，故选C。

（3）结合上文，上文Support is growing for a theory…提及的是一个理论，选项G中的“Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.（朱莉奥是提出这个理论的人）”正好呼应，故选G。

（4）根据下文可知，老鼠在睡眠结束时，突触会变小18%，表明睡眠时神经元会变弱，F 项“托诺尼的团队测量了12只老鼠的大脑”与下文最呼应，故选F。

（5）根据上文讲述神经元虽然会变弱，但有些神经元会保持不变，再结合下文说，你记住了最重要的事，由此可知，B项“大脑似乎会保护最重要的记忆”与上下文的衔接最好，
故选B。

【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤
1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。

2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。

3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。

8．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you're a gamer who's constantly glued to your phone, it could be time to ask for medical help. On June 18, 2018, the World Health Organization（WHO）officially listed “gaming disorder” as a mental health condition. ________
“Video gaming is like a non-financial kind of gambling（赌博）from a psychological point of view,” Mark Griffiths, a professor from Nottingham Trent University in the UK, told the Associated Press（AP）. “Gamblers use money as a way of keeping score, while gamers use points.”
________“People need to understand this doesn't mean every child who spends hours in their room playing games is an addict, otherwise doctors are going to be flooded with requests for help,” Joan Harvey, a spokeswoman for the British Psychological Society, told AP.
________ For example, a 21-year-old Chinese woman surnamed Wu in Guangdong province went blind in one eye after playing the mobile game King of Glory for a whole day. “On days when I have no work, I usually get up at 6 am, eat breakfast and play until 4 pm,” she told the South China Morning Post. “Then I'll eat something, have a nap（小睡）and play until 1 am.”
Wu isn't alone. According to a study published by China Youth Daily, about one in five young Chinese people play online video games for at least four to five hours per day. ________ In April, the Ministry of Education issued a notice asking Chinese schools and parents to prevent students from becoming addicted to the Internet and games.
Other countries have also taken action. ________ Meanwhile, in Japan, some mobile phones have a special mode for children that lets their parents control what games they can download and how long they can play.
A. This means it's now on the same list as other mental illnesses.
B. Thankfully, measures have been taken to deal with the problem.
C. We often see people around us playing games on their mobile phones.
D. In South Korea, children are forbidden to play video games after midnight.
E. WHO's main work is to improve the mental health of individuals and society.
F. But if you lose control over your gaming habits, you'll face serious problems.
G. However, it doesn't matter if you play your favorite game now and then.
【答案】 A；G；F；B；D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

根据《中国青年报》发表的一项研究，大约五分之一的中国年轻人每天至少玩四到五个小时的网络游戏。

值得庆幸的是，已经采取了措施来解决这个问题。

如果你是一个经常沉迷于手机的游戏玩家，那么是时候寻求医疗帮助了。

（1）上文提示“2018年6月18日,世界卫生组织(世卫组织) “游戏障碍”作为心理健康状况。