激光雷达发射和接收光学系统研究
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分类号
UDC
学号 密级
工学硕士学位论文
激光雷达发射和接收光学系统研究
硕士生姓名 学科专业 研究方向 指导教师
篮巫 左堂王壁 出皇揎煎剑昱垫盔 盎歪歪熬援
Biblioteka Baidu
国防科学技术大学研究生院 二oo四年十一月
摘要
激光雷达具有分辨率高,抗干扰能力强,可三维成像等特点,在军事技术装备中已经 得到了广泛的应用。它可以用来进行测距、精确跟踪、定位、制导、引信传感、飞船导航、 气象测量、水下通讯和探测等。随着半导体激光器在输出功率和光束质量等方面的不断提 高以及探测器性能等方面的不断进步,半导体激光主动成像雷达应运而生,是当前国际上 研究和应用的新兴领域之一。
In this paper.beam properties of semiconductor lasers were analyzed careful 1 Y. Proposed a novelty and pract ical method for the coll imation of high power,big emitting area semiconductor lasers.The receiving system has the characteristics of low cost and Simple configuration.In conclusion the emitting and receiving optical system can satisfied the demands of semiconductor 1asers imaging 1 idar i n some extent.
本论文就半导体激光成像雷达的重要组成部分,即发射和接收光学系统进行了研究。 在现有理论的基础上,运用电磁场理论分析了半导体激光器的模式分布,得到了半导体激 光光束的远场分布情况。根据半导体激光光束的远场分布特点,运用ZEMAX光学设计软 件设计了几种发射光学系统,并对其进行了性能评估,分析了它们各自的特点和适用的场 合。设计了接收光学系统及其机械结构,并进行了像质评价和性能分析。最后对所设计的 几种发射准直系统和接收系统进行了实验。实验表明设计所采用的理论和得出的结论是正 确的。
Key word:lidar,semiconductor lasers(LD),collimation,optical system
第1l页
国防科学技术大学研究生院学位论文
本文插图目录
图1.1半导体成像激光雷达结构………………………………………………………………4 图2.1对称三层介质平板波导…………………………………………………………………7 图2.2垂直于结平面远场光场计算示意图………………………………………………….14 图2.3 D=0.01,0.05,0.1和O.3fan时,激光器TEo模的远场分布…………………………….15 图2.4半导体激光器及其远场分布示意图……………………………………………………16 图2.5光场分布示意图(A)侧视(B)俯视…………………………………………………….17 图2.6 z.,·5ram时相对光强分布图1…………………………………………………………19 图2.7 z。=5mm时相对光强分布图2…………………………………………………………19 图2.8 z。=50mm时相对光强分布图1……………………………………………………….20 图2.9 z。=50mm时相对光强分布图2………………………………………………………..20 图2.10快轴相对光强分布曲线……………………………………………………………….21 图2.11快轴相对光强分布曲线展开图………………………………………………………..21 图2.12慢轴相对光强分布曲线……………………………………………………………….22 图2.13慢轴相对光强分布曲线展开图……………………………………………………….23 图3.1 Fw州发散角与1/e2光强发散角的关系……………………………………………….24 图3.2发射准直光学系统结构图………………………………………………………………26 图3.3像差特性曲线图…………………………………………………………………………27 图3.4快轴方向轴外点发散角示意图…………………………………………………………28 图3.5慢轴方向轴外点发光示意图……………………………………………………………28 图3.6非球面透镜准直示意图…………………………………………………………………29 图3.7轴外发光点准直示意图…………………………………………………………………30 图3.8准直系统后加柱面镜……………………………………………………………………31 图3.9点光源和线光源示意图…………………………………………………………………32 图3.10轴上点发光示意图…………………………………………………………………….32 图3.11宏/微观元件组合准直系统……………………………………………………………33 图3.12快轴准真柱面镜示意图………………………………………………………………一34 图3.13 ZEMAX仿真图…………………………………………………………………………34 图3.14快轴准直效果示意图………………………………………………………………….35 图3.15慢轴准直系统示意图………………………………………………………………….35
论文对半导体激光器的光束特性进行了较深入的理论分析,提出的准直方法对大功率 大发射面的半导体激光器光束的准直具有普遍意义,是一种比较新颖的方法,接收系统具 有成本低廉,结构简单的特点。论文工作表明。发射和接收光学系统能较好的达到半导体 激光三维成像雷达的使用要求。 关键词:激光雷达半导体激光器(LD)准直光学系统
in
阁防科学技术大学研究生院学位论文
图3.16慢轴准直效果示意图…………………………………………………………………。36 图3.17光纤耦合系统………………………………………………………………………….37 图3.18光纤和普通透镜组合准直系统……………………………………………………….37 图4.1单透镜结构参数图………………………………………………………………………40 图4.2单透镜光线追迹图………………………………………………………………………40 图4.3单透镜优化后光线追迹图………………………………………………………………41 图4.4优化后非球面结构参数图………………………………………………………………42 图4.5优化后非球面光线追迹图………………………………………………………………42 图4.6像差曲线图………………………………………………………………………………43 图4.7点列图………………………………………………………………………………………………………。43 图4.8包围能量图…………………………………………………………………………………………………44 图4.9双胶合透镜组结构参数图………………………………………………………………45 图4.10双胶合透镜组合光线追迹图………………………………………………………….45 图4.11接收光学系统参数图………………………………………………………………….46 图4.12接收光学系统示意图…………………………………………………………………一46 图4.13接收光学系统数据图………………………………………………………………….47 图4.14接收光学系统像差曲线图…………………………………………………………….47 图4.15主套筒结构图………………………………………………………………………….48 图4.16后套筒结构图…………………………………………………………………………。49 图4.17前压圈结构图………………………………………………………………………….49 图4。18后压圈结构图………………………………………………………………………….50 图4.19接收光学系统实物图………………………………………………………………….50 图4.20接收光学系统光学元件图…………………………………………………………….51 图4.21接收光学系统整体装配图…………………………………………………………….51 图5.1未加准直系统光斑图像…………………………………………………………………52 图5.2三维光场分布图像1…………………………………………………………………….53 图5.3三维光斑图像2………………………………………………………………………….53 图5.4光强分布俯视图…………………………………………………………………………54 图5.5快轴光强分布曲线………………………………………………………………………54 图5.6慢轴光强分布曲线………………………………………………………………………55
第1页
里堕坠兰垒查奎兰塑塞耋堕兰堡丝耋
ABSTRACT
Lidar has the characteristics of high resolution,high anti—jaming ability and i t can be used to get three—dimensional image.So 1 idar has found a lot of applications in military equipments.It can be used for distance measuring, precision tracking,orientation,guiding,fuze sensing,meteorologic measure, underwater communication and detecting.With the steady improvement of high power output,better beam quality of semiconductor lasers and the progress of detector’S performance,semiconductor lasers active imaging 1 idar has emerged as the times require and has becoming a newly important investigation domain in international.
The emitting and receiVing optical system of the semiconductor lasers imaging lidar was studied in thiS paper,which iS one of the most important part of 1idar. Analyzed the mode of semiconductot lasers on the basis of electromagnetic theory. Studied the far—field pattern of semiconduetor lasers beam.According to the character of semiconductot lasers beam’S far—field pattern,several emitting optical systems were designed and the performance of them was evaluated by means of ZENAX optical designing software,The situation of each one iS suit for was di seussed.Designed receiVing opticai and mechanism system,also it’S performance was evaluated.Fihally.some experimentS were did with the emitting and receiving systems that had been designed.The experimentation proved that the theory and conelusion of the design is correct.
UDC
学号 密级
工学硕士学位论文
激光雷达发射和接收光学系统研究
硕士生姓名 学科专业 研究方向 指导教师
篮巫 左堂王壁 出皇揎煎剑昱垫盔 盎歪歪熬援
Biblioteka Baidu
国防科学技术大学研究生院 二oo四年十一月
摘要
激光雷达具有分辨率高,抗干扰能力强,可三维成像等特点,在军事技术装备中已经 得到了广泛的应用。它可以用来进行测距、精确跟踪、定位、制导、引信传感、飞船导航、 气象测量、水下通讯和探测等。随着半导体激光器在输出功率和光束质量等方面的不断提 高以及探测器性能等方面的不断进步,半导体激光主动成像雷达应运而生,是当前国际上 研究和应用的新兴领域之一。
In this paper.beam properties of semiconductor lasers were analyzed careful 1 Y. Proposed a novelty and pract ical method for the coll imation of high power,big emitting area semiconductor lasers.The receiving system has the characteristics of low cost and Simple configuration.In conclusion the emitting and receiving optical system can satisfied the demands of semiconductor 1asers imaging 1 idar i n some extent.
本论文就半导体激光成像雷达的重要组成部分,即发射和接收光学系统进行了研究。 在现有理论的基础上,运用电磁场理论分析了半导体激光器的模式分布,得到了半导体激 光光束的远场分布情况。根据半导体激光光束的远场分布特点,运用ZEMAX光学设计软 件设计了几种发射光学系统,并对其进行了性能评估,分析了它们各自的特点和适用的场 合。设计了接收光学系统及其机械结构,并进行了像质评价和性能分析。最后对所设计的 几种发射准直系统和接收系统进行了实验。实验表明设计所采用的理论和得出的结论是正 确的。
Key word:lidar,semiconductor lasers(LD),collimation,optical system
第1l页
国防科学技术大学研究生院学位论文
本文插图目录
图1.1半导体成像激光雷达结构………………………………………………………………4 图2.1对称三层介质平板波导…………………………………………………………………7 图2.2垂直于结平面远场光场计算示意图………………………………………………….14 图2.3 D=0.01,0.05,0.1和O.3fan时,激光器TEo模的远场分布…………………………….15 图2.4半导体激光器及其远场分布示意图……………………………………………………16 图2.5光场分布示意图(A)侧视(B)俯视…………………………………………………….17 图2.6 z.,·5ram时相对光强分布图1…………………………………………………………19 图2.7 z。=5mm时相对光强分布图2…………………………………………………………19 图2.8 z。=50mm时相对光强分布图1……………………………………………………….20 图2.9 z。=50mm时相对光强分布图2………………………………………………………..20 图2.10快轴相对光强分布曲线……………………………………………………………….21 图2.11快轴相对光强分布曲线展开图………………………………………………………..21 图2.12慢轴相对光强分布曲线……………………………………………………………….22 图2.13慢轴相对光强分布曲线展开图……………………………………………………….23 图3.1 Fw州发散角与1/e2光强发散角的关系……………………………………………….24 图3.2发射准直光学系统结构图………………………………………………………………26 图3.3像差特性曲线图…………………………………………………………………………27 图3.4快轴方向轴外点发散角示意图…………………………………………………………28 图3.5慢轴方向轴外点发光示意图……………………………………………………………28 图3.6非球面透镜准直示意图…………………………………………………………………29 图3.7轴外发光点准直示意图…………………………………………………………………30 图3.8准直系统后加柱面镜……………………………………………………………………31 图3.9点光源和线光源示意图…………………………………………………………………32 图3.10轴上点发光示意图…………………………………………………………………….32 图3.11宏/微观元件组合准直系统……………………………………………………………33 图3.12快轴准真柱面镜示意图………………………………………………………………一34 图3.13 ZEMAX仿真图…………………………………………………………………………34 图3.14快轴准直效果示意图………………………………………………………………….35 图3.15慢轴准直系统示意图………………………………………………………………….35
论文对半导体激光器的光束特性进行了较深入的理论分析,提出的准直方法对大功率 大发射面的半导体激光器光束的准直具有普遍意义,是一种比较新颖的方法,接收系统具 有成本低廉,结构简单的特点。论文工作表明。发射和接收光学系统能较好的达到半导体 激光三维成像雷达的使用要求。 关键词:激光雷达半导体激光器(LD)准直光学系统
in
阁防科学技术大学研究生院学位论文
图3.16慢轴准直效果示意图…………………………………………………………………。36 图3.17光纤耦合系统………………………………………………………………………….37 图3.18光纤和普通透镜组合准直系统……………………………………………………….37 图4.1单透镜结构参数图………………………………………………………………………40 图4.2单透镜光线追迹图………………………………………………………………………40 图4.3单透镜优化后光线追迹图………………………………………………………………41 图4.4优化后非球面结构参数图………………………………………………………………42 图4.5优化后非球面光线追迹图………………………………………………………………42 图4.6像差曲线图………………………………………………………………………………43 图4.7点列图………………………………………………………………………………………………………。43 图4.8包围能量图…………………………………………………………………………………………………44 图4.9双胶合透镜组结构参数图………………………………………………………………45 图4.10双胶合透镜组合光线追迹图………………………………………………………….45 图4.11接收光学系统参数图………………………………………………………………….46 图4.12接收光学系统示意图…………………………………………………………………一46 图4.13接收光学系统数据图………………………………………………………………….47 图4.14接收光学系统像差曲线图…………………………………………………………….47 图4.15主套筒结构图………………………………………………………………………….48 图4.16后套筒结构图…………………………………………………………………………。49 图4.17前压圈结构图………………………………………………………………………….49 图4。18后压圈结构图………………………………………………………………………….50 图4.19接收光学系统实物图………………………………………………………………….50 图4.20接收光学系统光学元件图…………………………………………………………….51 图4.21接收光学系统整体装配图…………………………………………………………….51 图5.1未加准直系统光斑图像…………………………………………………………………52 图5.2三维光场分布图像1…………………………………………………………………….53 图5.3三维光斑图像2………………………………………………………………………….53 图5.4光强分布俯视图…………………………………………………………………………54 图5.5快轴光强分布曲线………………………………………………………………………54 图5.6慢轴光强分布曲线………………………………………………………………………55
第1页
里堕坠兰垒查奎兰塑塞耋堕兰堡丝耋
ABSTRACT
Lidar has the characteristics of high resolution,high anti—jaming ability and i t can be used to get three—dimensional image.So 1 idar has found a lot of applications in military equipments.It can be used for distance measuring, precision tracking,orientation,guiding,fuze sensing,meteorologic measure, underwater communication and detecting.With the steady improvement of high power output,better beam quality of semiconductor lasers and the progress of detector’S performance,semiconductor lasers active imaging 1 idar has emerged as the times require and has becoming a newly important investigation domain in international.
The emitting and receiVing optical system of the semiconductor lasers imaging lidar was studied in thiS paper,which iS one of the most important part of 1idar. Analyzed the mode of semiconductot lasers on the basis of electromagnetic theory. Studied the far—field pattern of semiconduetor lasers beam.According to the character of semiconductot lasers beam’S far—field pattern,several emitting optical systems were designed and the performance of them was evaluated by means of ZENAX optical designing software,The situation of each one iS suit for was di seussed.Designed receiVing opticai and mechanism system,also it’S performance was evaluated.Fihally.some experimentS were did with the emitting and receiving systems that had been designed.The experimentation proved that the theory and conelusion of the design is correct.