英语缺词填空

Human resource management refers to the practices and policies you need to carry out the people or personnel aspects of your management job.
人力资源管理是指在管理工作中需要对员工进行人事或人事方面的实践和政策
Labor turnover rates provide a valuable means of benchmarking the effectiveness of HR policies and practices in organizations
劳动力流失率为组织提供了一个基准的有效性的人力资源政策和实践
Labor turnover can be costly.Direct cost of recruiting and training replacements should be considered
劳动流失率是高代价的。

招聘和培训替代的直接成本应该被考虑到。

Business process re-engineering techniques are deployed as instruments for downsizing
业务流程再造技术被有效的利用于手段的精简
Evaluations also fulfill the purpose of providing feedback to employees on how the organization views their performance
价值评估通常为组织如何看待员工们的绩效提供反馈而实现作用
The output of the job analysis should be a training or learning specification
工作关系的输出应该是一个培训或学习规范
Coaching is a personal on-the-job technique designed to develop individual skills, knowledge, and attitudes.
教练法是被设计于提高个人技能，知识和态度的个人在职技术
Extrinsic rewards include direct compensation, indirect compensation, and nonfinancial rewards. 外在的报酬包括直接薪酬，间接薪酬和非物质奖励
Flexible benefits allow employees to pick and choose from among a menu of benefit options.
弹性制福利允许员工在福利选择菜单中任意的挑选。

China’s economic reformers have used material incentives in order to stimulate performance
中国的经济改革者不得不以物质激励来刺激绩效
International human resource management includes recruiting qualified personnel for overseas assignments.
国际化的人力资源管理包括了从海外招聘合格的人员的作业
Rapid promotion through an extensive staff ranking system is seen in one company as a very important motivational mechanism.
通过一个扩大化的人员排序系统快速晋升似乎是一个公司非常重要的激励机制
Globalization refers to the tendency of firms to extend their sales or manufacturing to new markets abroad
全球化是指企业将销售或制造业向海外市场拓展的趋势
Developing a high-trust organization means creating trust between management and employees 建立一个高度信任的组织意味着管理层和员工之间建立信任
Human resource planning determines the human resources required by the organization to achieve its strategic goals.
人力资源规划决定了以实现组织战略目标的人力资源需求.
The job analysis provides information on the nature and functions of the job.
工作分析提供了工作的性质和功能的信息。

The halo effect or error is the tendency for an evaluatorto let the assessment of an individual on one trait influences his or her evaluation of that person on other traits.
光环效应或错误是一个评估让一个人评价特质影响他或她对其他性状的人评价的趋势。

Training is concerned with fitting people to take on extra responsibilities, increasing all-round competence
培训涉及到合适人员承担额外的责任，提高综合能力
A training or a learning specification breaks down the broad duties contained in the job description into the detailed tasks that must be carried out
培训或学习规范的分解包含在规范在工作描述中要完成必须进行的详细任务
In case of labor disputes between the employer and laborers, the parties concerned can apply for mediation or arbitration, bring the case to courts, or settle them through consultation.
有关单位与劳动者之间的劳动争议，当事人可以申请调解或者仲裁，将案件提交法院，或者通过协商解决。

For managers, the challenge of fostering intellectual or human capital lies in the fact that such workers must be managed differently than were those of previous generations.
对于管理者，培养智力或人力资本的挑战在于这样的员工必须有不同的管理方式而不是以前的几代人。

In summary, is Human Resource management an integral p art of every manager’s job
总之，人力资源管理是每一个经理的工作的一个组成部分
In the area of recruiting and hiring, it’s the line manager’s responsibility to specify the qualifications employees need to fill specific positions.
在招聘和雇佣方面，指定员工需要填写具体职位这是直线经理的责任。

HR manager also administers the various benefit programs(health and accident insurance, retirement, vacation, and so on)
人力资源经理还负责管理的各种福利计划（健康和意外保险、退休、休假等）
Performance evaluations are used as the basis for reward allocations
绩效评估被用作奖励分配的基础
Staff managers are authorized to assist and advise line managers in accomplishing these basic goals
人员配置被授权于协助和建议直线管理者完成这些基本目标
Determining the nature of each employee’s job is job analysis
确定每个员工的工作性质是工作分析
Laborers shall fulfill their tasks of labor, improve their professional skills, follow rules on labor safety and sanitation, and observe labor discipline and professional ethics
劳动者应当完成劳动任务，提高劳动技能，遵守劳动安全卫生规程，遵守劳动纪律和职业道德
Labor contracts are agreements reached between laborers and the employer to establish labor relationships and specify the rights, interests and obligations of each party
劳动合同是劳动者与用人单位签订的劳动合同，明确规定了各当事人的权利、利益和义务
In a public employment agency,which served workers seeking employment and employers seeking workers, employment interviewers were appraised by the number of interviews they conducted.
在一个公共就业机构中，为寻求就业的工人和雇主提供了服务，就业面试官被评为他们进行的采访的数量。

The analysis of the number of people leaving the organization (labor turnover of wastage) provides data for use in supply forecasting
离职组织（人力资源流失）的人数分析为供给预测提供了数据
Demand forecasting is the process of estimating the future numbers of people required and the likely skills and competences they will need.
需求预测的过程是估计他们未来将需要的人数量和可能的技能和能力。

The external labor markets are the external local, regional, national and international markets from which different sorts of people can be recruited
外部劳动力市场是从外部的地方，区域，国家和国际市场不同的人被招募到。

From tapping the global labor force to formulating selection, training, and compensation policies for expatriate employees managing globalization will thus be a major HR challenge in the next few years
从开发的全球劳动力，制定选择，培训和薪酬政策，为外籍员工管理全球化，这将是一个重大的人力资源挑战，在未来几年
The pressure for improved performance to meet more intense global competition explains why many organizations are seeing higher standards for employees
改善性能的压力以满足更激烈的全球竞争解释了为什么许多组织都看到了更高的标准的员工
People also leave organizations voluntarily to further their careers, get more money or move away from the district
为了进一步他们的职业生涯人们往往会自愿离开组织，为了得到更多的钱或者是离开这个区域
Organizational release activities deal with redundancy, outplacement, dismissal, voluntary turnover and retirement
组织关系处理的方式有冗余、转职、辞退、离职、退休
Once a labor dispute occurs, the party that has objections to the ruling of the labor arbitration committee can bring the case to a people’s court
劳动争议发生后，当事人对劳动仲裁委员会的裁定不服的，可以向人民法院起诉
A training or a learning specification breaks down the broad duties contained in the job description into the detailed tasks that must be carried out
培训或学习规范的分解包含在规范在工作描述中要完成必须进行的详细任务
The halo effect is the tendency for an evaluator to let the assessment of an individual on one trait influence his or her evaluation of that person on other traits
光环效应的倾向一个评估让一个人评价一特质影响他或她对其他性状的人的评价
In the management of international joint ventures, Pucik(1988)argues that one of the main challenges anywhere is the organizational learning capacity of the partners within the joint venture
在国际合资企业的管理，帕西科（1988）认为无论何地合资伙伴的组织学习能力
是主要的挑战
Rapid promotion through an extensive staff ranking system is seen in Onc Company as a very important motivational mechanism
通过广泛的人员排名系统快速晋升是在公司作为一种重要的激励机制
Generally money is seen as important for recruiting and retaining employees, but not as a real motivator
一般钱被看作对招募和留住员工很重要，但不是一个真正的激励因素
China’s economic reformers have used material incentives in order to stimulate performance
中国的经济改革者用物质激励来刺激绩效
New labor laws permit companies to set their own wage levels
新劳动法允许公司设定自己的工资水平
Organizations are finding that IHRM activities are best handled by linking them to the enterprise’s strategic plan
组织正发现国际化人力资源管理最好是与他们的企业战略计划联系起来
An extensive review of the literature indicates that the more important factors conducive to job satisfaction include mentally challenging work, equitable rewards, supportive working conditions, and supportive colleagues.
一个关于文献表明的广泛的观点是有利于工作满意度更重要的因素包括精神上具有挑战性的工作，公平的奖励，支持工作条件，和支持的同事。

Employees want pay systems and promotion policies that they perceive as being just, unambiguous, and in line with their expectations
员工们希望工资制度和晋升政策是他们认为公正的，明确的，并符合他们的期望
The early views on the satisfaction-performance relationship can be essentially summarized in the statement”a happy worker is a productive worker”
早期对员工满意度与绩效关系的观点可以在本质上概括为“一个快乐的工人是一个富有成效的工人”
Giving all employees the same benefits assumes all employees have the same needs
给予所有员工相同的利益假设所有员工都有同样的需求
The job analyses provides information on the nature and functions of the job
工作分析提供了工作的性质和功能的信息
HR is focusing on the acquisition and development of the human capital required by the organization
人力资源是聚焦于组织发展所需要的人力资本
The downsizing plan should be based on the timing of reductions and of forecasts the extent to which these can be achieved by natural wastage or voluntary redundancy
裁员计划应根据可以通过自然流失或自愿裁员来实现减少的时间和预测的程度
Rapid turnover can result simply from poor selection or promotion decisions.
快速的人员流失可能导致错误的甄选或者晋升的决定
A flexibility plan can contain proposals to reduce overtime costs through the use of flexible hours 一个灵活的计划可以通过使用灵活的时间来减少加班成本
Job-sharing is an arrangement where by two employees share the works of one full-time position, dividing pay and benefits between them according to the time each works
作业共享是一种由2名员工共享一个全职工作的工作安排，根据时间各工作的时间，分配工资和福利
The recruitment plan should include plans for attracting good candidates by ensuring that the organization will become an “employer of choice”
招聘计划应包括通过确保该组织将成为“雇主的选择”来吸引优秀候选人的计划
Behaviorally anchored rating scales combine major elements from the critical incident rater feedback
行为锚等级与量表结合起来主要元素是从关键事件的反馈
360-degree feedback is also referred to as multi-source assessment or multi-rater feedback
360度反馈又称为多源评估或多层次反馈
Coaching is a personal on-the-job technique designed to develop individual skills, knowledge, and attitudes.
教练法是一种个人在职技术，旨在培养个人技能，知识和态度。

The quality of a firm’s recruiting process had a big impact on what candidates thought of the firm.
一个公司的招聘流程的质量对候选人对其想法的影响很大。

Private employment agencies are important sources of clerical, white-collar, and managerial personnel
私人的职业机构是办公人员，白领和管理人员的重要来源。

At Xerox, unionized hourly workers over 55 with 15 years of service and those over 50 with 20 years of service can bid on jobs at lower stress and lower pay levels if they desire so.
在施乐，如果员工的愿意，工会的小时工在15到55年的服务和超过50 到20年的服务可在投标工作在较低的应力和较低的工资水平。

People also leave organizations voluntarily to further their careers, get more money or move away from the district.
为了进一步他们的职业生涯人们往往会自愿离开组织，为了得到更多的钱或者是离开这个区域
Outplacement is about helping redundant employees to find alternative work
职业重就是关于帮助失业人员寻找其他工作
Three types of third-party interventions are used to overcome an impasse: meditation,
fact-finding, and arbitration
三种第三方干预导致僵局：调解，实情调查，仲裁
Approximately half of the German youth between the ages of 15-18 are enrolled in apprenticeship programs
大约有一半的德国青年15-18岁之间参加学徒计划
Terms of employment tend to be very technical and are governed by a contract that spells out exactly what each side will do for the other
雇佣条款往往是非常技术性的，并且被一个合同所控制，这说明每一方都会为对方做什么
Salary and benefit package tend to be secret, so no one knows what anyone else is receiving
工资和福利待遇往往是保密的，所以没有人知道别人收到多少
Every year the company selects dozens of junior managers and young employees to attend universities in order to undertake training programs, even degree courses
每年公司都会选择几十名青年管理人员和员工参加大学以进行培训项目，甚至学位课程
Job instruction techniques should be based on skills analysis and learning theory
作业指导技巧应以技能分析和学习理论为基础
Desire can be created by amplifying the job’s interest factors plus extras such as job satisfaction, career development, travel, or similar advantages.
欲望可以通过放大工作的兴趣因素加上额外的工作，如工作满意度，职业发展，旅行，或类似的优势。

Tests, application blanks, and interviews should be a proven part of the employer’s selection process.
测试，职位申请表，和面试是雇主甄选过程中应该被验证的一部分
With mediation a neutral third party tries to assist the principals in reaching agreement
调解一个中立的第三方试图协助负责人达成协议
Organizational rewards should be linked to each individual employee’s goals
组织奖励应与每个员工的目标联系起来
The flexible benefits can turn the traditional homogeneous benefit program into a motivator
弹性福利可以把传统的固定福利改变为可动的福利计划
Piece-rate, wage incentive plans, profit-sharing, and lump-sum bonuses are all forms of performance-based compensation.
计件工资，工资激励计划，利润分享，一次性奖金都是基于绩效的薪酬。

Evaluation is the comparison of objectives with outcomes to answer the question of how far the training has achieved its purpose
评价是对目标与结果的比较，用来回答培训达到了目的的程度这个问题的
Case study is an off-the-job training technique.
案例研究是一种非职业培训技术。

Coaching should provide motivation, structure, and effective feedback, if the coacher is skilled, dedicated, and able to develop mutual confidence
如果教练员是有技能的，敬业，并能发展相互信任，那么教练法应提供动力，结构，和有效的反馈
Developing a high-trust organization means creating trust between management and employees. 建立一个高度信任的组织意味着管理层和员工之间建立信任。

Retaining knowledge workers is a matter of providing a supportive workplace environment and motivating them through both tangible and intangible reward
保留知识员工是一个通过有形和无形的奖励提供支持的工作环境和激励他们的问题
Increased work force diversity will place tremendous demands on the HR management function 提高工作力的多样性将极大地要求对人力资源管理功能
Writing job description and job specification based on input from department supervisor is the responsibility of HR department
根据部门主管的意见编写工作描述和工作规范，是人力资源部的职责
Supervisors should make sure employees are guaranteed fair treatment as it relates to discipline, dismissal and job security
监事应确保雇员得到公平待遇，因为它涉及纪律、解雇和工作保障
It is important to evaluate training in order to assess its effectiveness in producing the learning outcomes
培训的评估是重要的，以评估其有效性，产生的学习成果
Job rotation can be an inefficient and frustrating method of acquiring additional knowledge and skill unless it is carefully planned and controlled
工作轮换可能是一种低效的和令人沮丧的获取额外的知识和技能的方法，除非它是精心策划和控制
In role playing the participants act out a situation by assuming the roles of the characters involved
角色扮演参与者通过扮演角色的角色扮演角色
The basic philosophy of managerial grid training is that the task of the individual manager is to achieve production through people
管理者非实质培训基本理念是个人管理者的任务就是通过人来实现生产
Interactive skills training is defined by Rackham as:”Any form of training which aims to increase the effectiveness of an individual’s interaction with others. ”
互动技能培训是由Rackham指出“任何形式的培训目的是提高个人与他人的互动的有效性”
The appraisal and compensation system is long-term in orientation and is based on rewarding people for doing a good job over an extended period of time
长期的评价和薪酬制度是建立在一个较长的时间内做好一个好工作方向基础上的
The organization will provide employees with indirect compensations insurance, pay for holidays and vacations, services, and perquisites
公司将为员工提供间接补偿保险，年假，服务和财务补贴
Individuals should perceive a strong relationship between their performance and rewards they receive if motivation is to be maximized
个人应该看到他们的绩效和奖励之间的强烈关系，他们收到的动机是最大化
Flexible benefits allow employees to pick and choose from among a menu of benefits options
弹性福利允许让员工从利益选择菜单中挑选和选择
Satisfied and committed employees have lower rates of turnover and absenteeism
满意和忠诚的员工具有较低的流失率和缺勤率
Business process re-engineering techniques are deployed as instruments for downsizing
业务流程再造技术被用于流程的精简
A forecast is needed of the amount by which the workforce has to be reduced and the likely losses through employee turnover
一个预测是必要的，通过劳动力减少和可能的损失，员工离职得到它的数量。

360-degree feedback recognizes the complexity of management and the value of input from various sources
360度反馈识别管理的复杂性和来自不同来源的输入的值
360-degree feedback is most likely to be successful when items covered in the questionnaire can be related to actual events experienced by the individual
360度反馈是最有可能是成功的，在调查问卷中的项目可以涉及到个人所经历的实际的事件
When pay is seen fair based on job demands, individual skill level, and community pay stands, satisfaction is likely to result
个人的技能，社会薪酬，满意度都会导致工资被视作最基本的需求。