刹车盘用高碳当量灰铸铁组织和性能的研究

毕业论文

设计题目刹车盘用高碳当量灰铸铁组织和性能的研究学生姓名

学号

专业班级

指导教师

院系名称材料科学与工程学院

年月日

目录

中文摘要 (1)

英文摘要 (2)

1 引言 (3)

1.1 制动器的介绍及研究意义 (3)

1.1.1 制动器的介绍 (3)

1.1.2 研究意义 (4)

1.2 刹车盘的失效分析 (4)

1.3 刹车盘的组织要求 (5)

1.4 国内外研究现状 (6)

1.4.1 国外研究现状 (6)

1.4.2 国内研究现状 (7)

2 改善高碳当量灰铸铁性能的途径 (8)

2.1 调整铁液化学成分 (8)

2.1.1 碳和碳当量CE的选择 (8)

2.1.2 硅和Si∕C值的选择 (9)

2.1.3 硫的选择 (10)

2.1.4 锰的选择 (10)

2.1.5 磷的选择 (11)

2.2 微合金化 (11)

2.2.1 钼 (12)

2.2.2 铬 (12)

2.2.3 铜 (13)

2.2.4 锡 (13)

2.3 优化熔炼工艺 (13)

2.4 孕育处理 (14)

3 试验研究的内容及方法 (15)

3.1 成分设计及原材料选择 (15)

3.2 试样制备 (15)

3.3 机械性能测试 (15)

3.3.1 抗拉强度测试 (15)

3.3.2 硬度测试 (16)

3.4 金相组织的观察 (17)

4 试验结果与分析 (18)

4.1 成分测定结果 (18)

4.2 机械性能测试结果与分析 (18)

4.3 高碳当量灰铸铁组织分析 (19)

4.3.1 石墨的分析 (19)

4.3.2 基体组织的分析 (21)

结论 (24)

致谢 (25)

参考文献 (26)

刹车盘用高碳当量灰铸铁组织和性能的研究

摘要：灰铸铁一直是刹车盘常用的材料。作为刹车盘材料的灰铸铁应具有高的强度、良好的导热性和耐磨性。高碳当量灰铸铁具有优良的导热性和铸造性能，是

刹车盘材料的发展方向。但是，高碳当量灰铸铁因组织中有较多粗大的石墨

强度通常很低。本文分析了改善高碳当量灰铸铁性能的途径，其中包括调整

铁液化学成分、微合金化、优化熔炼工艺和孕育处理等。在此基础上，通过

改变Mn、S含量研究了碳当量介于4.10～4.20三组灰铸铁的组织和性能。

研究结果表明：为了改善高碳当量灰铸铁的性能，应在微量合金化的同时采

用较高的Mn、S含量，避免在组织中出现粗大的片状石墨，降低其强度；

同时Mn的加入量不宜太高，否则会抑制石墨的析出，使石墨片相对细小，

不利于其导热性。

关键词：高碳当量灰铸铁；合金化；显微组织；性能

Study on Microstructure and Properties of High Carbon Equivalent Gray Cast Iron for Brake Disc

Abstract:Gray cast iron has been a commonly used material of brake disc. As the brake disc material, Gray cast iron should have high strength, good thermal

conductivity and wear resistance. High carbon equivalent gray cast iron has

excellent thermal conductivity and casting properties, so it is the development

direction of the brake disc materials. However, the strength of high carbon

equivalent gray cast iron is usually low because of much coarse graphite flake

in microstructure. The ways to improve properties of high carbon equivalent

gray cast iron including adjusting chemical composition of molten iron,

micro-alloying, optimization of melting process and inoculation，was analyzed

in this paper. On this basis, by changing the Mn and S content to study on

microstructure and properties of three groups of gray cast iron which has the

carbon equivalent between 4.10 and 4.20. The results show that: in order to

improve properties of high carbon equivalent gray cast iron, a higher content

of Mn, S should be added while using micro-alloying. Thus, coarse graphite

flake which can reduce its strength can not be found in the organization. At the

same time, the dosage of Mn should not be too high. Otherwise it will inhibit

the precipitation of graphite, then the graphite flake is relatively small and

having a negative effect on its thermal conductivity.

Keywords: high carbon equivalent gray cast iron；alloying；microstructure；property