中医基础理论之病因篇PPT课件

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第一节 六淫 Six Excesses
Concept of Six Excesses
The six excesses are a collective term used for six kinds of exogenous pathogens of wind, cold, summerheat, dampness, dryness and fire.
• Medicine pathogens药邪 • Iatrogenic factors医过 • Fetal weakness胎弱 • Fetal toxin胎毒
• Interal-injury pathogenic factors七情内伤
• Phlegm-fluid retention痰饮 • Stagnant blood瘀血 • Abdominal mass 徵积 • Calculus结石
性质
致病特点
主要病症
伤寒：恶寒、无汗
寒为阴邪 寒证，伤阳气 中寒：脘腹冷痛、呕吐腹 泻伴有形寒肢冷。
凝滞
气血运行迟滞甚至 局部冷痛，遇热缓解，遇 凝结不通产生疼痛 冷加重
收引
腠理汗孔收缩 恶寒、无汗、发热 筋脉牵引拘急 四肢拘急，屈伸不利
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Cold pathogen
All exogenous pathogenic factors characteristic of cold, coagulation and contraction are called cold pathogen.
natures
Pathogenic characteristics
Clinical nanifestations
Light and Being apt to attack yang portion Headache, stuffy nasal, itching throat. opening- of body and discharging the Aversion to wind, fever and sweating.
➢Methods of CM probing into pathogenic factors
➢ Asking directly ➢ Referring the cause by syndrome differentiation
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中医病因 西医病因
1.六淫 3.疠气 5.劳逸 7.瘀血 9.外伤 11.药邪
4. combination
5. transformability
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一、风
自然界中具有风之轻扬开泄、善动不居特性的外邪，称为风邪。
性质
轻扬开泄 （浮越）
善行数变
主动 为百病之长
致病特点
主要病症
病位在上 病位在表 病位游走不定 症状变化多端
动摇不定
致病先导
头痛、鼻塞、咽痒。
恶风、发热、汗出。
行痹之四肢关节疼痛，游 走不定。 风疹块之皮疹时隐时现， 此.结石 10.寄生虫 12.先天因素
13.医过等
1.生物病原：如细菌、病毒、真菌等。 2.物理因素：如噪音、高温、气压、放射线等。 3.化学因素：如化学药品、污染、毒物等。 4.营养因素：如偏食、营养不良等。 5.精神因素：如情绪、心理等。 6.遗传因素：如遗传病等。
眩晕、抽搐、拘挛、角弓 反张，两目上吊。
风寒、风热、风湿、风寒 湿等兼夹证。
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Wind pathogen
All exogenous pathogenic factors characteristic of lightness, rising, and opening-dispersing and migrating are called wind pathogen.
Tends to cause disease in mixture with
The precursor of various other pathogenic factors such as cold,
diseases
heat,dampness and dryness, etc
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二、寒
自然界中具有寒冷、凝结特性的外邪，称为寒邪。
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Introduction
➢Concept:
➢ The cause of disease, refers to the factors that damage the relative epuilibrium and result in disease and are also called pathogenic factors.
Under normal conditions, they are called “six climatic factors”
Common pathogenic characteristics of six excesses
1. exogenousness
2. seasonality
3. regionality
Rubella, characteristic of constantly changing
Vergo, convulsion, spasm, opisthotonus,
Being mobile Characterized by sway upward squint
Being primary pathogen
dispersing
pore
Being mobile and
changeable
Characterized by migratory location, sudden onset and
constantly changing
Migratory arthralgia(migratory pain in the jounts of the four limbs)
第六章 病因
Cause of Disease
学习要点
➢中医对病因的认识方法及分类 ➢六淫的概念及致病特点 ➢七情的概念及七情内伤 ➢痰饮、瘀血、结石的概念、形成及致病特点
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KEY WORDS
• Cause of disease病因 • Etiology 病因学说 • Six excesses六淫 • Pestilential qi疠气 • Seven emotions七情