智慧城市集成服务企业竞争力分析报告

智慧城市集成服务企业竞争力分析报告

摘要

智慧城市是现代信息技术革命和知识经济发展的产物，是工业化、城市化与信息化的高度融合。智慧城市是城市发展的趋势，是促进城市科学发展和可持续发展的内在要求。当前，国内外智慧城市建设方兴未艾，我国智慧城市建设已经从概念阶段走向实施阶段，各类智慧化应用平台、数据处理分享平台、智慧运营管理中心等逐步投入建设。智慧城市集成服务企业为智慧城市建设提供技术支持和运营服务，成为智慧城市建设的重要推动者。

本文聚焦智慧城市集成服务企业，首先界定了智慧城市集成服务以及智慧城市集成服务企业的概念，简介了当前国内智慧城市集成服务行业的企业竞争状况。智慧城市集成服务涵盖智慧城市建设的总体规划、顶层设计、专项领域咨询方案、技术设计、技术集成服务、项目运营等全生命周期，涵盖社会生活、社会生产、产业发展等领域，能够最大限度提高系统的高效性、完整性和灵活性。

基于企业竞争力理论，本文从能力、资源、知识、环境四个维度确定了智慧城市集成服务企业竞争力评价指标集合，综合运用专家调查法和信度与效度检验通过专家意见征询和调查问卷收集有效数据进筛选评价指标，建立了智慧城市集成服务企业竞争力评价指标体系。

本文将智慧城市集成服务企业竞争力影响因素从正熵和负熵两个角度进行区分，智慧城市集成服务企业竞争力评价指标体系由正熵体系和负熵体系两部分组成。正熵评价体系主要由能力要素、资源要素构成，包括市场营销能力、咨询规划能力、技术集成能力、运营服务能力、人力资源，共 12 个二级指标。负熵体系主要指企业外部竞争环境

包括政治环境、社会经济环境、行业环境、市场环境，共 9 个二级指标。

基于管理熵理论，本文建立了智慧城市集成服务企业竞争力评价模型，以易华录、神州数码、泰华智慧、银江股份四家企业为案例进行了实证分析，得出四家案例企业竞争力排序：易华录的企业竞争力最强，神州数码次之，泰华智慧的企业竞争力较弱，银江股份的最弱。根据管理耗散结构判断条件，本文判断四家案例企业均是非管理耗散结构。同时，根据各企业指标熵值结果，本文对每家企业进行了管理耗散结构分析。

在实证分析基础上，本文剖析了智慧城市集成服务企业的优势和不足之处，从企业管理、行业环境、政府支持的角度，为智慧城市集成服务企业提供长期可持续发展建议，增强创新能力，集聚优质人力资本，打造优质服务品牌，增强企业的开放性，强调企业内部的协同性和企业外部的适应性。

关键词：智慧城市集成服务企业；企业竞争力；管理熵理论；管理耗散结构

ABSTRACT

Smart city is a product of the change of information technology and the development of the knowledge economy. It is a deep integration of industrialization, urbanization and information technology. The construction of the smart city is the trend and characteristic of the development of the city in the world today, which is the inevitable choice to the sustainable development of urban science. In China and another country, smart city construction presents a boom in the ascendant. With the general awareness of smart city, smart city construction in China develops from concept into implementation, and various types of applications, integrated platform, intelligent operation management center and other projects are gradually launched which injects new vitality for the city. Smart city integrated service enterprises provide technical support and operational services for smart city construction and become an important promoter of smart city construction.

Focused on smart city integrated service enterprises, this paper defines the concept of smart city integrated services and smart city integrated service enterprises, and briefly introduces the competitive situation of smart city integrated service industry in China. Then, this study establishes the evaluation index system for the smart city integrated service enterprises competitiveness. Smart city integrated services cover a smart city building life cycle, including the overall planning of smart city construction, top-level design, special areas of consulting programs, technical design, technology integration services, and project operations. The services can maximize the efficiency, integrity and flexibility of the system, because social life and production, industrial development and other fields are involved.

Based on the theory of enterprise competitiveness, the evaluation index system is defined from four dimensions: ability, resources, knowledge and environment. Expert investigation method and factor analysis method are used for collecting valid data through expert advices and questionnaires, and this is aimed at screening the evaluation indicator.

In this thesis, positive entropy and negative entropy are used to distinguish the influencing factors of smart city integrated service enterprises competitiveness. Thus, the evaluation index system of smart city integrated service enterprises competitiveness is composed of two parts: the positive entropy system and the negative entropy system. The positive entropy evaluation system is mainly composed of capacity and resource elements, including marketing ability, consulting planning ability, technology integration ability, operation service ability and human resource, which is composed of 12 two level indexes. The negative entropy system mainly refers to the external competitive environment, including

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