经贸英语
经贸英语试题及答案
经贸英语试题及答案一、单选题（每题1分，共10分）1. The term "FOB" stands for:A. Free On BoardB. For OrderC. Forwarding OrderD. Full Overload2. In international trade, the most commonly used currency is:A. USDB. EURC. GBPD. JPY3. Which of the following is NOT a function of a letter of credit?A. Payment guaranteeB. Risk mitigationC. Currency conversionD. Settlement of trade disputes4. The "CIF" term in international trade means:A. Cost, Insurance, and FreightB. Cost, Insurance, and Freight paid toC. Cost, Insurance, and Freight to be paidD. Cost, Insurance, and Freight payable5. The abbreviation "BOP" refers to:A. Balance of PaymentsB. Business Operating PlanC. Bureau of PersonnelD. Board of Professionals6. The "T/T" payment method stands for:A. Telegraphic TransferB. Trade TransferC. Total TransferD. Time Transfer7. Which of the following is a non-tariff barrier to trade?A. Import quotaB. Customs dutyC. SubsidyD. Trade embargo8. The term "GATT" is associated with:A. General Agreement on Tariffs and TradeB. Global Alliance for Trade and TechnologyC. Global Association of Trade and TransportD. Global Agreement on Trade Terms9. The "D/P" term in trade documents refers to:A. Documents against PaymentB. Documents against PresentationC. Documents against PerformanceD. Documents against Promise10. The "L/C" is commonly understood to mean:A. Letter of CreditB. Letter of ComplaintC. Letter of ConfirmationD. Letter of Commitment答案：1-5 A A D A A6-10 A D A A A二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）1. The abbreviation "GDP" stands for ________, which is a measure of the economic performance of a country.2. In international trade, the term "EXW" means ________, indicating that the seller delivers the goods to the buyer's premises.3. A "proforma invoice" is a ________ document that outlines the details of a transaction but is not a legally binding contract.4. The "BOP" consists of two parts: the current account and the ________ account.5. The term "DAP" stands for Delivered At Place, which means the seller has fulfilled their obligations once the goods are ________ at the agreed place.6. The "UNCTAD" is an abbreviation for the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, which focuses on promoting ________ and development.7. The "FCA" term in Incoterms means Free Carrier, where the risk of loss or damage to the goods passes from the seller to the buyer when the goods are ________ to the carrier.8. The "H.S. Code" refers to the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, which is used for ________ purposes.9. The "CFR" term stands for Cost and Freight, where the seller pays for the cost and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of ________.10. The "TIR" system is an international customs transit system for road transport, which facilitates the movement of goods under cover of a single, internationally recognized________.答案：1. Gross Domestic Product2. Ex Works3. preliminary or non-contractual4. capital5. ready and available6. trade7. handed over8. customs classification9. destination10. customs guarantee三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1. What are the main differences between a documentary collection and a documentary credit?2. Explain the concept of "Most Favored Nation" (MFN) in international trade.3. What are the key components of a sales contract in international trade?4. Describe the role of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) in the context of international trade.答案：1. A documentary collection is a method of payment where the bank acts as an intermediary to collect payment on behalf of the seller. A documentary credit, on the other hand, is a commitment by a bank at the request of the buyer to pay a specified amount to the seller under specific terms and conditions.2. The Most Favored Nation (MFN) treatment is a principle in international trade where a country grants another country the。
经贸英语背景介绍
经贸英语背景介绍
经贸英语（Business English）是一个涵盖广泛领域的学科，主要涉及国际商务和贸易的各个方面。
它不仅是全球商业交流的主要语言，也是商业决策、国际市场营销、国际金融和国际经济合作等领域的重要工具。
随着全球化的加速和跨国企业的增多，经贸英语的重要性日益凸显。
它不仅帮助商业人士在国际市场上进行有效的沟通，还为他们提供了理解国际商业环境、法规、惯例和文化的基础。
经贸英语涵盖了各种商业活动，如国际贸易、商业谈判、市场分析、财务报表解读等。
此外，它还涉及法律和贸易协定、跨文化沟通以及新兴的商业模式和概念。
在全球化的背景下，经贸英语已成为商业领袖和专家必备的技能之一。
它不仅帮助个人在职业生涯中取得成功，也为国家和地区的经济发展做出了重要贡献。
总之，经贸英语是国际商务交流和合作的关键语言，对于想要在国际舞台上取得成功的人来说，掌握经贸英语是必不可少的。
经贸英语-
经贸英语1800字Introduction经贸英语（Business English）是涵盖经济、商业及贸易领域的英语，它是全球商业活动中不可或缺的一部分。
经贸英语是企业与企业、企业与客户、企业与政府部门、企业与媒体等之间进行商业沟通的基本语言。
随着经济全球化的发展，经贸英语的重要性越来越凸显，越来越多的人开始学习和使用经贸英语。
In this article, we will discuss the significance and importance of Business English, how to enhance your Business English skills, and other relevant aspects such as Business English vocabulary, Business English phrases and Business English writing skills.Significance of Business EnglishBusiness English is essential for individuals who engage in business activities or aspire to work in a professional environment. It is a universal language that facilitates communication between business partners all over the globe. In today's world, Business English skills are becoming increasingly important due to globalisation, which has led to the expansion of business activities across borders.At the same time, Business English is also critical in building excellent communication skills that can enhance workplace relationships and enable individuals to establish their reputation as effective communicators.Communication is fundamental to all collaborative projects in a commercial environment, and lack of communication or misunderstandings can lead to costly errors and defeats.How to Improve Business English SkillsImproving your Business English skills is a process that requires effort, commitment and practice. Here are some tips on how to enhance your Business English skills:1. Attend Business English courses and seminars – Formal training is essential in mastering Business English. Attend courses or seminars focused on developing your Business English skills such as writing, speaking or reading. The course material and exercises offered will help you acquire vocabulary, grammar and jargon native to the professions you aspire to work in.2. Read business publications and articles – Reading business publications such as The Economist, Forbes or The Wall Street Journal can help you familiarise yourself with business terminologies, jargons and current events in the business world. It will also enable you to improve your reading comprehension skills, and help you to keep up to date with the latest business trends.3. Practice writing – Writing is a significant component of Business English, and it's essential to develop your writing skills to communicate effectively. Practice writing professional emails, reports, proposals, and othertypes of business correspondence. Ensure your writing is clear, concise and professional.4. Watch business news channels – Watching business news channels such as CNBC and Bloomberg can help you familiarise yourself with business terms and vocabulary, and provide you with insight into the business world.5. Listen to Business English podcasts – Listening to Business English podcasts such as BBC Business Daily or Business English Q&A can improve your listening comprehension skills, and help you learn about current business events and issues in the global economy.Business English VocabularyThe Business English vocabulary is vast, and therefore it is essential to focus on the most relevant aspects of it. Familiarising yourself with the following terms can be an excellent starting point:1. Profit and Loss statement – A Profit and Loss statement is a financial report that outlines a company's revenues, costs and expenses over a specific period.2. Balance sheet – A balance sheet is a financial statement that shows a company's financial position at a particular point in time.3. Equity – Equity refers to the ownership interest of shareholders in a company.4. Capital – Capital refers to the financial resources a company uses to generate its income and can be either debt or equity.5. Sales revenue – Sales revenue is the income generated from the sale of goods or services.Business English PhrasesIn Business English, certain phrases are commonly used. Here are some of the most commonly used phrases:1. It's all about the bottom line – This phrase is used to express that the most crucial aspect of a business is its profitability.2. Let's touch base – This means we should discuss a particular subject or to have a meeting.3. Closing the deal – This phrase is commonly used to indicate the completion of a business transaction.4. Get the ball rolling – This means to start a process or initiate a project.5. Think outside of the box – This phrase is used to encourage creativity and innovative ideas.Business English Writing SkillsIn today's business world, effective written communication skills are as essential as effective verbal communication skills. Here are some tips for improving your Business English writing skills:1. Keep it concise – In Business English, it is essential to be concise and clear. Avoid using overly technical language or jargon that may be difficult for the receiver to understand.2. Use appropriate tone and style – Business communication requires one to pay attention to the appropriate tone and style of writing. For instance, when writing a formal email, it is essential to use the appropriate salutation, tone and choice of words.3. Use bullet points – Bullet points are an excellent way of presenting information in a clear and concise manner. Bullet points also make it easier for the receiver to read and understand the content.4. Proofread – Proofreading your work is crucial in ensuring that your communication is professional, concise and error-free.ConclusionAs we have seen, Business English is crucial in today's global business environment. Individuals who aspire to work in a professional environmentshould focus on improving their Business English skills. By attending courses, reading business publications and articles, practicing writing, and listening to Business English podcasts, individuals can significantly enhance their Business English skills. Understanding Business English vocabulary, phrases and writing skills will enable individuals to communicate more effectively and establish themselves as effective communicators in the workplace.。
浅议经贸英语词汇的特点
浅议经贸英语词汇的特点经贸英语词汇的特点是指在商业和经济领域中使用的英语词汇。
随着全球化进程的加速和国际贸易的扩大，经贸英语已成为全球通用的商业语言，具有一定的特点。
本文将探讨经贸英语词汇的几个主要特点。
一、术语性强经贸英语词汇的一个主要特点是术语性强。
这些词汇通常用于商业和经济领域，包括贸易、金融、市场营销、会计、税务、保险等领域，这些领域都有其特定的术语和表达方式。
因此，经贸英语词汇的学习需要熟悉其专业术语和表达方式，以便正确理解和运用这些词汇。
例如，贸易中的一些术语包括：import（进口）、export（出口）、tariff（关税）、quota （配额）、freight（运费）等。
金融中的一些术语包括：bankruptcy（破产）、bond（债券）、capital（资本）、interest rate（利率）等。
在学习经贸英语时，需要熟悉这些术语及其含义，以便在商业和经济领域中正确使用这些词汇。
二、具有国际化特点随着全球化的加速和国际贸易的扩大，经贸英语已成为全球通用的商业语言，具有国际化的特点。
因此，经贸英语词汇不仅包括英语国家的商业和经济词汇，还包括来自其他国家的商业和经济词汇，如中文的“贸易顺差”（trade surplus）、日文的“技术转移”（technology transfer）等。
此外，随着不同国家和地区的商业和经济发展，经贸英语词汇也在不断演变和丰富。
例如，随着中国的经济崛起，汉语中的一些商业和经济词汇也在逐渐进入国际商业和经济领域，如“一带一路”（Belt and Road）、“互联网+”（Internet Plus）等。
在学习经贸英语时，需要熟悉不同国家和地区的商业和经济词汇，以便更好地理解和运用这些词汇。
三、语言简洁明了经贸英语词汇通常具有语言简洁明了的特点，这是为了在商业和经济领域中快速准确地传递信息和交流意见。
经贸英语中的词汇通常使用简单的词汇和短语，避免使用过于复杂的词汇和句式，以便更好地理解和运用这些词汇。
经贸英语词汇
以下是一些常见的经贸英语词汇：- Economy 经济- Trade 贸易- Commerce 商业- Business 商业，生意- Market 市场- Supply and demand 供求- Profit 利润- Loss 损失- Inflation 通货膨胀- Unemployment 失业- Interest rate 利率- Exchange rate 汇率- Import 进口- Export 出口- Tariff 关税- Trade deficit 贸易逆差- Trade surplus 贸易顺差- Free trade 自由贸易- Protectionism 保护主义- Globalization 全球化- International trade 国际贸易- Economic growth 经济增长- Economic development 经济发展- Economic policy 经济政策- Fiscal policy 财政政策- Monetary policy 货币政策- Capital 资本- Investment 投资- Stock market 股票市场- Bond 债券- Entrepreneur 企业家- Corporation 公司- Partnership 合伙企业- Franchise 特许经营- Small business 小企业- Startup 创业公司- Merger and acquisition (M&A) 并购- Supply chain 供应链- Logistics 物流- Distribution 分销- Wholesale 批发- Retail 零售- E-commerce 电子商务- Digital economy 数字经济- Intellectual property (IP) 知识产权- Patent 专利- Trademark 商标- Copyright 版权- Licensing 许可证- Contract 合同- Negotiation 谈判- Bid 竞标- Auction 拍卖- Deal 交易- Invoice 发票- Payment 付款- Credit 信用- Debtor 债务人- Creditor 债权人- Bankruptcy 破产- Audit 审计- Accounting 会计- Budget 预算- Finance 金融- Venture capital (VC) 风险投资- Private equity (PE) 私募股权- Angel investor 天使投资人- Stock option 股票期权- Dividend 股息- Bonus 奖金- Salary 薪水- Wage 工资- Cost 成本- Price 价格- Profit margin 利润率-Markup 加价- Discount 折扣- Marketing 营销- Advertising 广告- Brand 品牌- Customer 顾客- Sales 销售- Market research 市场调研- Product development 产品开发- Quality control 质量控制- Packaging 包装- Distribution channel 分销渠道- Supply chain management (SCM) 供应链管理- Logistics management 物流管理- Inventory management 库存管理- Just-in-time (JIT) 准时制- Lean manufacturing 精益生产- Total quality management (TQM) 全面质量管理- Six Sigma 六西格玛- ISO 9000 国际标准化组织9000 系列标准- ERP 企业资源规划系统- CRM 客户关系管理系统- SCM 供应链管理系统- B2B 企业对企业电子商务- B2C 企业对消费者电子商务- C2C 消费者对消费者电子商务- Online payment 在线支付- Digital wallet 数字钱包- Cybersecurity 网络安全- Data protection 数据保护- Privacy 隐私- Encryption 加密- Cloud computing 云计算- Artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能- Blockchain 区块链- Big data 大数据- Internet of Things (IoT) 物联网- 5G 第五代移动通信技术这些只是经贸英语词汇中的一部分，经贸领域非常广泛，涉及到众多专业和行业，因此还有很多其他的词汇和术语。
经贸英语
二、词语特点
• 1.贸易术语（trade terms）
• net price 净价 wholesale price 批发价 discount / allowance 折扣 retail price 零售价 spot price 现货价格 current price 现行价格 / 时价 indicative price 参考价格 customs valuation 海关估价 price list 价目表 total value 总值
从叠词功能考察，只有少数近义词并列使用是为了追 求他们之间的意义相同，以不被曲解，翻译时，我们 只要取其相同意义即可。 Null and void terms and conditions
provisions and stipulations
• All permits, taxes and other fees arising form the prosecution and execution of the project shall be solely shouldered by the Con费、税费及其它用 费全部由承包方负担。
• 项目执行、施工过程中所产生的许可证费、税费及 其他费用均由承包方承担。
4.用语简洁
• 用语简洁为经贸英语的另一个特点，比如： • D. P .:Documents against payment 付 款交单；All sales are free 一经售出 概不 退换；ENCL：enclosure 随附；FYC:回复 贵方电报
• 如果需要新增加工程，双方应另行协定该项目新增 工程的单价。
• 词语叠用 合同词汇另一特征是同义词或近义词叠用。 这种叠用确保了合同所用词语的意思不被 区别并是原文意思高度完整、准确，更好 地体现了合同作为法律文书的严肃性。
经贸英语如何翻译
经贸英语如何翻译经贸一看就是个合在一起的词，用英语翻译的时候，把这两者的单词合在一起便可以了。
下面是店铺给大家整理的经贸英语如何翻译，供大家参阅!经贸英语如何翻译economy and trade英 [iˈkɔnəmi ænd treid] 美 [ɪˈkɑnəmi ənd treid]经贸的英语例句1. All these have helped further development of Sino - US economic and trade ties.这些都有利于中美经贸关系的进一步发展.2. An international economic and trade exhibition will be held in Beijing.在北京将举行一次国际经贸展览会.3. Looking to the future, China has confidence in the development of Sino - US economic and trade co - operation.放眼未来, 中国对中美经贸合作的发展抱有信心.4. The Company international business, foreign labor service, economic and technology cooperation.公司从事贸易、对外劳务服务及经贸合作.5. At the same time, Venezuela and Cuba maintain close and trade relations.同时, 委内瑞拉同古巴保持密切的经贸关系.6. Economic and trade cooperation is another focus of our collaboration.开展经贸合作是我们合作的重要内容.7. Our close economic relationship with the Mainland dates back many years ago.香港与内地紧密的经贸关系,在很多年前就已经建立.8. They also regularly organise events to promote Hong Kong's image overseas.经贸处也定期举办活动,提高香港在海外的形象.9. High level international workshops and economic, technological, cultural and academic exchanges.将举办高层次的国际会议和经贸、科技、文化、学术交流等活动.10. Multilateral and bilateral economic and trade relations kept developing.多双边经贸关系继续发展.11. This will seriously test China - U.S. economic and trade relations.这将严重考验中美两国的经贸关系.12. They also organise events to promote Hong Kong's image.经贸办事处又定期举办活动,提高香港的形象.13. The annual Urumqi Economy & Trade Fair attracted many domestic and foreign traders.已同 100 多个国家和地区建立了经贸关系.14. Mutually Beneficial and Win - win Sino - African Economic and Trade Cooperation.互利共赢的中非经贸合作.15. Agriculture cooperation is an important part of the African trade cooperation.农业合作是中非经贸合作的重要组成部分.economy and trade的双语例句1. China's development has boosted the growth of global economy and trade.中国发展有力促进了世界经济和贸易增长.2. Technical trade barrier will have double impacts oneconomy and trade.技术性贸易壁垒对经济和贸易具有双重影响.3. Intellectual property has become a bridge linking technology, economy and trade.知识产权已成为连接技术、经济和贸易的纽带.4. English Business Correspondence is the core curriculum of International Economy and Trade major.《外贸英语函电》是国际经济与贸易专业的核心课程.5. Countries and regions are mutually complementary with each other in their economy and trade.各国和地区在经济和贸易上互相补充.6. The graduating student of 2009 studying in International Economy and Trade Major of Daqing Petroleum Institute.大庆石油学院国际经济与贸易专业09年应届毕业生.7. Shanghai is China's center of economy, finance, trade, science and technology, information and culture.上海是中国经济, 金融, 贸易, 科技, 信息,文化的中心.8. Theexchange rate of RMB an important role in our country's economy and international trade. "人民币汇率的变动对国内经济及对外贸易活动都有着重大的影响.9. Credit is the basis of trade in an economy, and it is also a social capital.信用是保证社会经济交易顺利实现的基础.信用是一种社会资本.10. Shipping industry is the basic industry of the national economy and international trade.航运业是国民经济和国际贸易的基础行业.11. She wants to create cap - and - trade mechanisms within industries rather than across the economy as a whole.她希望在企业内部建立配额交易机制而非整个经济体.12. Second, the article of trade friction on the Chineseeconomy and foreign trade development.其次, 文章分析了贸易摩擦对中国经济和外贸发展的影响.13. Network economy and exceed limit analysis, division of labor and specialization, trade charge is relevant couplet.网络经济与超边际分析、分工与专业化、交易费用相关联.14. With the development of world economy and multinational trade, the need for Business English is growing.随着世界经济和跨国贸易的发展, 社会对商务英语的需求也日益增长.15. That the Chinese economy and Sino - US bilateral and trade relations are very negative development.这对中国经济以及中美双边经贸关系的发展都十分不利.。
经贸英语怎么翻译
经贸英语怎么翻译把经贸分开来讲就是经济与贸易，英语翻译也是如此。
下面是店铺给大家整理的经贸英语怎么翻译，供大家参阅!经贸英语怎么翻译economy and trade经贸的英语例句除了与墨西哥的经贸合作，我们正在共同努力以确保尽快的识别并制止威胁，甚至在威胁到达北美之前。
With Mexico, in addition to trade cooperation, we are working together to identify and interdictthreats at the earliest opportunity, even before they reach North America.论坛期间，中美省州长们将举行对口会见，双方还将签署涉及经贸、教育、科技等领域的多个合作协议。
During the forum, governors from both countries will hold meetings and sign several cooperationdocuments in trade, education, science and technology and other fields.你和你的同事为贵国的外贸体制的改革提出了“宏观经贸”这个重要的新概念。
You and your colleagues proposed the significant new concept of “macroeconomics and trade”for reform in your foreign trade system.中方重视同巴西的经贸合作，一贯主张通过对话与合作，寻求互利共赢解决分歧的办法。
China values its economic cooperation and trade with Brazil and pursues a mutually beneficialresolution of disputes through dialogue and cooperation.胡锦涛在官方中央电视台上表示，中国应扩大与朝鲜的经贸合作。
经贸英语的语言特点
经贸英语的语言特点摘要:经贸英语课程是专门用途英语,它和普通英语有着个性与共性、部分与整体的辩证统一关系,是跨学科的应用语言学。
经贸英语在词汇、语法和修辞方面有着鲜明的特点,掌握这些特点对于培养和提高学生经贸英语理解能力、实践能力具有重要意义。
关键词:经贸英语;语言特点;词汇;语法;修辞在全球经济一体化的进程中,社会对外语人才的需求呈现出多元化趋势,既具有扎实英语能力又具备较强专业知识的复合型人才的需求与日俱增。
随着我国非英语专业英语教育取得长足的进步,为适应时代发展要求,《关于外语专业面向21世纪本科教育改革的若干意见》明确提出培养复合型外语人才的要求,为我国英语专业教育的发展指明了方向。
许多高校在英语专业高年级开设了大学经贸英语的课程。
经贸英语课程是为英语专业学生开设的,它的教学中心是与经贸知识有关的英语,是英语专业基础教学的扩大和延续,是培养学生英语应用能力的教学过程。
因此,经贸英语课程是专门用途英语ESP(English for Specific Purpose),是跨学科的应用语言学,经贸英语课程的教学目标是使学生基本掌握经贸活动的语言特点,向学生介绍经济、贸易基础知识、使学生了解初步的经济贸易文化。
所以,向学生阐述经贸英语的语言特点是经贸英语课程的重要内容。
经贸英语与英语本身并无本质区别,民族语言是语言的最高形式,经贸英语必需服从英语语言的一切规则。
但是,作为专门用途英语,经贸英语又不同于文学、政论等文体的英语,它与普通英语有着个性与共性、部分与整体的辩证统一关系,其许多方面表现出独特的特点。
一、经贸英语词汇特点1、用词的正式性、准确性和通用性在经贸理论的阐述中,经贸英语语言结构严密,意义清晰,逻辑性强,描述准确;在经贸英语的实务中,不同地域的语言文化存在差异,以平等互利为原则的国际贸易管理法规是交际双方彼此遵守的法律义务,是避免交际误解的有效手段,其文本往往具有法律效力。
所以,经贸英语用词不能口语化、非正式化和简单化,必须力求准确无误,保证国际通用性,所揭示的概念和意义必须是确定、唯一的。
经贸英语参考答案
经贸英语参考答案经贸英语参考答案在现代社会中，经贸英语已经成为一门重要的语言技能。
无论是在国际贸易、跨国公司还是国际金融领域，掌握经贸英语都是非常有必要的。
然而，学习经贸英语并不是一件容易的事情，需要掌握大量的专业词汇和相关的知识。
在这篇文章中，我们将提供一些经贸英语的参考答案，帮助读者更好地学习和应用经贸英语。
首先，让我们从国际贸易的角度来看一些常见的经贸英语词汇。
在国际贸易中，常常会遇到一些与进出口相关的词汇，比如"import"（进口）、"export"（出口）、"trade deficit"（贸易逆差）等等。
此外，还有一些与支付方式相关的词汇，比如"letter of credit"（信用证）、"bill of exchange"（汇票）等。
掌握这些词汇，可以帮助我们更好地理解和处理国际贸易的相关事务。
接下来，让我们来看一些与跨国公司相关的经贸英语词汇。
在跨国公司中，常常会遇到一些与组织结构和管理相关的词汇，比如"subsidiary"（子公司）、"joint venture"（合资企业）、"corporate governance"（公司治理）等。
此外，还有一些与市场营销相关的词汇，比如"branding"（品牌建设）、"market segmentation"（市场细分）等。
了解这些词汇，有助于我们更好地理解和应用跨国公司的相关知识。
除了国际贸易和跨国公司，经贸英语还与国际金融密切相关。
在国际金融领域中，我们经常会遇到一些与货币和汇率相关的词汇，比如"exchange rate"（汇率）、"currency appreciation"（货币升值）等。
浅谈国际经贸英语的英汉翻译技巧
浅谈国际经贸英语的英汉翻译技巧摘要经贸英语，即国际经济贸易往来中使用的英语。
经贸英语作为一门专门用途英语，有着区别于普通英语的语言特点。
本文拟通过分析经贸英语的语言规律和特点，对经贸英语的英汉翻译做初步的研究和探讨。
关键词经贸英语语言特点英汉翻译技巧一、经贸英语的特点经贸英语，即国际经济贸易往来中使用的英语，是我国涉外经济活动中的主要交际语言。
内容涉及领域广泛，包括外贸运输、金融、投资、财会、经营管理、市场营销、对外经贸合同和法律文书等。
经贸英语作为专门用途英语，有着区别于普通英语的语言特点。
（一）经贸英语用词简洁。
因为国际经济活动非常讲究效率，使用常见的词语便于双方理解和接受信息；修饰语少，有助于内容的直截了当，所以经贸英语一般用词简洁。
（二）语义明确，固定表达。
经贸英语有很多表达沿袭很久，形成了固定说法，存在着很多专业术语。
（三）行文准确、清楚。
因为经贸活动中涉及贸易双方的责任、权利、义务和风险利害关系，而且备忘录、函电等文字与材料又是各种贸易单证与合同合法有效的依据。
任何用词的任何错误，都有可能导致意想不到的后果，是要避免的。
所以用语要正式规范，不能过于口语化，及经贸英语所使用的语言不能过于非正式。
经贸英语的准确、清楚主要表现在商务合同等法律文件，多用长句、复合句、并列复合句等法律公文常用句式，以及介词（短语）、插入语、同位语、倒装句、被动语态（过去分词）等特殊句型。
如：GATT－the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade－is a multilateral treaty, subscribed to by 88 governments which together account for more than four-fifths of world trade.二、经贸英语的英汉翻译技巧基于以上经贸英语用词严谨，词义准确，句式结构复杂，专业化强等特点，笔者提出三种翻译技巧：（一）词类的转译。
经贸英语词汇的特点及翻译
经贸英语词汇的特点及翻译作者：任平来源：《教育界》2012年第27期【摘要】经贸英语的词汇、句法、文体等方面有其与普通英语不同的特点,在翻译的时候就必须考虑到这些因素,译文才能做到准确、适当。
本文着重探讨了经贸英语词汇的特点和相关翻译问题。
【关键词】经贸英语词汇翻译随着经济全球化和互联网经济时代的到来,经贸英语(Economy& Trade English)在国际交流和商务交往中的作用越来越大。
因此,了解经贸英语的特点,注意其与通用英语的区别,避免对经贸英语的误解和误用就显得十分必要。
本文从经贸英语词汇的角度来探讨其特点及相关的翻译问题。
1 经贸英语的特点1.1 用词准确与普通英语不同的是,经贸英语具有其运用领域所赋予它的带有行业特征的一些特点。
它在用词方面力求准确無误,以避免可能产生的误解。
经贸英语的词汇一般选用那些词义相对单一而稳定的词来替代那些词义丰富灵活的词。
例:我们同意开即期信用证支付所购货物。
We are agreeable to opening sight L/C to cover our purchases.句中的cover和purchase都是正式用词,cover是支付的意思;purchase是购买的意思。
一般较正式、大规模的商业性购买都用purchase这个词,而不用buy这个词,buy较多的指日常少量购买。
1.2 运用专业术语经贸英语专业性强的特点导致专业术语的大量使用。
例:保险公司签发的保险单或保险凭证,按发票价值110%将货物投保发运地点至目的港仓库的海上风险、火险、战争险和中国人民保险公司货物保险条例的综合险,无免赔额。
Insurance Policies or Certificates issued by insurance companies, for 110% of invoice value, fully covering the merchandise from point of origin to warehouse at destination against the risks of Marine Perils, Fire, War and C.I.C. Cargo Clauses (all risks) irrespective of percentage.该句中的专业术语就有8个之多(insurance policy,invoice,merchandise, origin,destination, Marine Peril,C.I.C. all risks),分别表示(保险单;发票;商品;原产地;目的地;海上风险;中国人民保险公司;一切险)。
经贸英语的词汇特点及翻译
经贸英语的词汇特点及翻译Introduction经贸英语是指应用于经济和贸易领域的英语语言。
它是全球商业交流的主要语言之一。
在国际贸易、金融、商务和法律等领域，经贸英语已成为重要的工具。
经贸英语词汇的特点和翻译是本文的研究对象，旨在探讨经贸英语的语言特点和翻译技巧。
经贸英语词汇特点专业性经贸英语的词汇通常具有高度的专业性，这是因为经贸领域是非常专业化的领域，需要严格的行业术语和专业术语。
这些术语通常是由经贸领域的专业人士所制定的，因此在使用中需要特别注意术语的准确性和规范性。
多样性经贸英语的词汇涉及广泛，包括货物买卖、金融、证券、税务、海关、运输、保险、市场营销、管理和法律等各个领域，因此，经贸英语的词汇非常多样化。
在实际应用中，需要对各个领域的术语进行分类和学习。
外来语的使用经贸英语中经常使用来自不同语言的外来词汇。
例如，汉语中的“人民币”在英语中被称为“Renminbi”，而日语中的“公司”在英语中被称为“Kabushiki-gaisha”。
因此，经贸英语的学习需要掌握不同语言间的词汇转换规则。
缩略语和首字母缩写词的使用经贸英语中常用的缩略语和首字母缩写词包括GDP（国内生产总值）、WTO（世界贸易组织）、FOB（离岸价格）等等。
这些缩略语和首字母缩写词可以简化沟通过程，但也需要正确使用和理解。
经贸英语翻译技巧掌握行业术语经贸英语的翻译需要掌握相关领域的行业术语，包括商品名称、货币单位、贸易条款、关税、税率等。
这些术语的准确使用可以确保翻译的准确性和专业性。
了解文化差异在进行经贸英语翻译时，需要考虑不同文化之间的差异。
例如，中文中常用的礼貌用语，在英文中可能不常用，因此需要避免直接翻译中文礼貌用语，而要根据不同场合适当地运用英文中的礼貌用语。
注意上下文语境经贸英语翻译时，需要特别注意上下文语境。
同一个词汇在不同的语境中可能有不同的意义，因此需要根据具体语境进行合理的翻译。
在翻译经贸英语文件时，要全面了解文本的背景和目的，从而更好地理解文本意思和目的，确保翻译的准确性和专业性。
经贸英语(上)试题、答案及评分标准
Paper 2 Vocabulary and Structure (30 points)I. Match the words on the left with their definitions on the right. (8 points)II. Complete the following sentences, using the appropriate phrasal verbs from the box below.Remember to put the verbs in the correct from. You should referto the company structure of ABM plc for questions1-3. (7 points)The Structure of ABM plc3. John Ross______ the Maintenance Section.4. _____ the gas before you inspect the back of the cooker.5. After inheriting a lot of money he decided to _______his own business.6. I would like to ______the sales figures with you and find out where the mistakes are.7.We really can’t ______his expert knowledge. We’ll have to reschedule the meeting to suit him.II.Choose a word from the box for each space in the passage below. Remember to put the words in the correct from. (15 points)46 Potters LaneWaltonLeicestershire23 April 2002Mr Peter SellersDirector human ResourcesCarney and Denham Consultants2 Cromwell RoadNottingham NT7 9GHDear Mr SellersWith 1 to your advertisement in the Independent on 21 April, I would like to apply for the 2 of Project Manager with your company.I am 35 years old and I have considerable experience in engineering in both the public and 3 sector managing overseas construction projects. 4 , I have recently completed a course on Management and Communication and I am currently 5 for an MA degree in Engineering Management. This experience has 6 me to develop the necessary leadership and communication skills to 7 multidisciplined construction teams. I am 8 interested in the position you are offering as I 9 like to become more involved with building refurbishment projects.I would be grateful if you could 10 an interview as soon as possible as I am going abroad next month. I can be 11 at the above address. I am 12 to start work from I June. Please find 13 my CV. Please do not hesitate to contact me if you 14 any further information.I look forward 15 hearing from you.Yours sincerelyAnne AlexanderAnne Alexander (Ms)Paper3 Translation and Short-answer Questions (25 point)Part1 Translate the following two paragraphs into Chinese. Please write your translation on the Answer Sheet. (10 point)The “swoosh(飞翔的翅膀)”—it’s everywhere! Just for fun, try counting the swooshes whenever you pick up the sports pages ,or watch a pickup basketball game, or tune into a televised golf match. Nike has built the swoosh (which represents the wing of Nike, the Greek goddess of victory) into one of the best-known brand symbols on the planet.The power of its brand and logo spea ks loudly of Nike’ superb marketing skills. The company’s strategy of building superior products around popular athletes has forever changed the face of sports marketing. Nike spends hundreds of millions of dollars each year on big-name endorsements, splashy(轰动的)promotional events, and lots of attention-getting ads. Over the years. Nike has associated itself with some of the biggest names in sports. No matter what your sport, change are good that one of your favorite athletes wears the Nike Swoosh..Part 2 Answer the following questions based on what you have learned from the textbook. You should use complete sentences. (15 points)1.What does the term TQM mean2.Explain the difference between STEEP analysis and SWOT analysis.3.What can we learn about a company from its balance sheet, profit and loss account and cashflow forecastP aper 4 Reading Comprehension (30 points)Passage 1 (15 points)Read the following text and answer questions 1-5.Sometimes you might be asked to go to a selection or centre . This is an extended interview which is made up of a series of group activities, tests and presentations. You will be assessed throughout the day by assessors who will be looking to see how well you work in a team, whether your communication skills are good and whether you can work to deadlines. Team work is important. You don’t do yourself any favours by trying to take over the group, but at the same time, don’t sit back and let everyone else do the work..Don’t panic if you’re asked to do a presentation on something you don’t know much about as the way you give the presentation on something you don’t know much about as the way you give the presentation is often more important than the content itself. You should practise beforehand so you know how long the presentation takes. The best advice on dealing with a selection centre is to give it your best shot. If you sit timidly in the corner, the assessor cannot make any judgement about you.When you take a personality test, which is designed to find out about your personality and character, what your values are and what motivates you, don’t worry about answering questions incorrectly-there is usually no point in trying to give the answers you think the employer will wantbecause firstly you might have the wrong idea about what the employer is looking for, and secondly, you don’t want to get the job and spend the ensuing months trying to be someone who you’re not.1.What is the passage mainly concerned with2.How should you behave during the day at the selection centre3.How should applicants approach giving presentations4.Does it matter if you answer questions incorrectly in a personality test Why5.What does the author say about lying in a personality testPassage 2 (15 points)Despite the attention paid within advertising agencies to the whole business targeting specific groups, there have been some spectacular failures to get it right when companies have tried to go international or global with their products. This has been for a variety of reasons. Sometimes, the brand name of the product has unfortunate associations when translated into foreign languages. Looking at this been for a variety of connotation is –the way in which words can call up associations in our minds. Because of the way we make connections between words and particular ideas, feeling and experiences, brand names are crucial for advertisers get it right, readers will do the work to generate all the intended connotations.There are whole companies who specialize in offering research on brand-name connotations to product manufacturers looking for a name for a new product, or looking at how best to market an existing product to new, foreign audiences. These companies-for example Interbrand, and The Brandnaming Company-typically organize brainstorming sessions where they ask groups of people to let their imaginations ‘roam free’, from which meetings they arrive at shortlists of names whose suitability is then researched further. Names on the shortlists have to pass certain test: for example, that they are not too close to existing names; that they are pronounceable in all the world’s major languages; that they have the right connotations can be about quite subtle distinctions. For example, when Pickfords Travel merged with Hogg Robinson two years ago, the shortlist for th e new company had two main contenders: ‘Destinations’ and ‘Going Places’. The new company chose the latter, deciding that ‘destinations’ tended to suggest long-haul flights to farflung places-travel for the privileged. ‘Going Places’, on the other hand, wa s thought to describe all sorts of travel and therefore be more suitable for the mass market, which was the company’s target.Mark statements 6-10 True or False according to the information provided in the text above.6.This passage is mainly about how to choose names for companies wishing to go global.7.Good names make the right connection between words and ideas.8.‘Going Places’ is used as an example to show how hard it is to choose a name for a company.9.‘Destinations’ is likely to appeal to wealthy travelers.10.O ne technique brand-name consultants often use is to invite people to freely suggest any names on their mind.英语专业经贸英语（上）试题答案及评分标准paper 1 Listening Test□1point for each correct answer.Part 11. Ture2. Ture3. Ture4. False5.FalsePart 26.5667.five-sixths (5/6)10.308,000Part 311. a 12. b 13. b 14. a 15.bPaper 2 Vocabulary and Structure□ 1 point for each correct answer.I.Match the words on the left with their definitions on the right.1. h2. d3. e4. b5.f6.c7.g8.aplete the following sentences, using the appropriate phrasal verbs.1.consists of2.reports to3.sees to4.Turn off5.set up6.go through7.do withoutIII.Choose a word from the list for each space.1.reference2.post3.private4.Moreover5. studying6.enabied7.manage8.particularly9.would 10.arrange11.reached 12.available 13.enclosed 14.require 15.toPaper 3 Translation and Short-answer QuestionsPart 1 Translate the following two paragraphs into Chinese.□10 points in total.“飞翔的翅膀”—它随处可见！无论你是随手翻阅报纸的体育版，观看一场临时拼凑的队伍进行篮球比赛，还是收看一场电视转播的高尔夫球赛，作为消遣，试着数一数它的数量。
浅谈经贸英语特点及翻译技巧
浅谈经贸英语特点及翻译技巧标签：经贸英语;翻译;技巧引言：当今时代，我国的大门越来越开放，我国同世界其他国家的联系越来越密切，在国际贸易往来过程中，英语发挥着越来越重要的作用。
而真正对经贸交流有着重要意义的是经贸英语。
经贸英语翻译成英语就是Business English，其在词汇篇章、语法语句和文化归属等方面有着一套独立的语言系统。
它需要联系实际的经贸交流环境、言语表达者与接受者、英语语体语用学、具体的篇章语言学等方面进行学习和运用。
经贸文体翻译经常涉及机构、商标、合同等名称的翻译，多数已经有固定的用法，需要译者勤查资料，避免为已经约定俗成的名称“另立名目”而造成不必要的损失。
经贸翻译与其他类翻译有共同之处，也有其自身的特点。
一、经贸英语的特点：1.文本类型经贸文本涉及范围十分广泛，类型多样。
例如：合同、信用证、汇票、提单、产地证、商检证、商业发票等为固定类型，其文本措辞严密，常使用专业术语，逻辑性强;询盘、报盘、还盘、订货单、传真、电邮等为传递信息型，其文本语气委婉，语言简易明了;推销信、产品广告、商标、产品说明书等为劝说诱导型，其文本措辞严谨、以劝说读者为目的。
2.词汇特点经贸英语词汇有其自己独特的特点，所以在在词汇的选择和运用方面与普通英语有很大的区别。
经贸英语中有许多专业术语，例如FCA（FREE CARRER），即货交承运人;FAS（Free alongside ship）装运港船边交货。
在经贸英语中，最让译者头疼的地方就是一词多义，也是一种十分常见的现象。
这类词汇的特点是既能最为专业术语使用，同时又是普通语言词汇的一部分，故也被称之为半专业术语。
在翻译这类半专业术语时，一定要了解某个词特定的专业意义，了解該专业的相关知识，切忌随意选择词义或生搬硬套字面意思，否则很容易造成误解或译文不准。
例如：We are able to effect shipment within one month after your order hasbeen confirmed.在普通词汇中，effect的原意是“影响”、“引起”、“产生”，而在这个句子中所表达的是进出口贸易中的装船事宜，所以它的意思应该是“办理”、“进行”。
经贸英语的词汇特点
经贸英语的词汇特点[摘要] 中国加入WTO后,经贸英语的用武之地越来越大。
与普通英语相比,经贸英语有其显着的特点,本文着重讨论经贸英语的词汇特点以及相关的翻译问题。
[关键词] 经贸英语词汇特点翻译经贸英语(Economy & Trade English)主要是指进出口贸易实务所涉及的各种英语文书,包括商业书信、合同、文件、产品说明书及各种单据等。
随着经济全球化和区域一体化的迅猛发展,经贸英语已经成为“the language of world business”。
中国加入WTO后,对外交流也日趋频繁,经贸英语已成为当前研究的热门课题。
作为一种专用英语,它不以词藻华丽为追求目标,而是讲究语言的简洁、客观、准确和严谨,故在谴词造句方面有不少独特的地方。
本文只着重探讨经贸英语的词汇特点以及与之相关的翻译问题。
一、用语正式除广告文体外,用语正式是经贸英语的一大基本特点。
主要表现在以下几个方面:1.行文用语准确、严谨国际经贸往来中,来自不同的国家和地区的交易各方,由于语言文化的差异,极易产生误解,进而导致国际性的诉讼、仲裁。
而据国际贸易惯例和法规,交易双方的往来信函是交易的一部分,具有法律上的效力。
因此,经贸英语在用词方面力求准确无误,一般选用词义相对单一的词来替代词义灵活丰富的词,如:通用英语中的词汇tax,buy,include对应在经贸英语中则用tariff,purchase,constitute。
2.常使用古语词经贸英语文本中常用古体词来增加严肃、正式的意味。
其中常见的有以here、there和where为词根的词,如: herein,hereof, herewith,thereby,whereas,whereby等。
翻译的时候不一定要字字对译,可以在其它地方以词汇手段予以补偿,用相对比较古雅的词汇将原文的含义表达出来。
3.大量使用专业术语由于经贸英语涉及的范围广泛,包括工业生产、经济、贸易、法律等多个方面,因此在经贸文献中,使用专业术语特别多而且庞杂。
试论经贸英语的语言特点
试论经贸英语的语言特点经贸英语的语言特点之一是术语丰富。
经济和贸易领域涉及到大量的专业术语，这些术语通常是专门用语或者行话，一般人在日常生活中并不会经常遇到。
这些术语涉及到货币、贸易、金融、会计等方面，具有很强的专业性和专门性。
foreign exchange（外汇）、commodity market（商品市场）、depreciation（折旧）等，这些术语在经济和贸易领域中被广泛使用。
经贸英语的语言特点之二是语法严谨。
在经济和贸易领域，精准的表达和准确的逻辑推理是非常重要的，因此经贸英语在语法方面要求相对严谨。
一些固定的表达方式和句型也很常见，比如用于描述趋势的句型“the trend is upward/downward”、“there has been a noticeable increase/decrease in”，用于比较的句型“in comparison with”、“in contrast to”等。
经贸英语中还有一些专门的语法结构和句型，比如用于表示假设的虚拟语气等。
经贸英语的语言特点之三是语篇连贯。
经贸英语中经常需要进行复杂的经济分析或者商务谈判，因此语篇的连贯性非常重要。
在一篇文章或者一段话中，内容要点的逻辑关系要清晰，表达要准确，语言要通顺。
特别是在商务谈判中，一些商务用语的使用和表达技巧更是需要细致的功夫。
这些要求都为经贸英语的语篇连贯性提出了挑战，同时也展现了经贸英语的专业性。
第四，经贸英语的语言特点之四是语言规范化。
在经济和贸易领域，国际间的交流非常频繁，因此经贸英语需要具有一定的规范性和统一性。
尤其是在国际贸易中，一些标准的商业合同、国际贸易术语等都需要进行规范化的处理，以便更好地实现各国间的经贸合作。
语言的规范化对经贸活动的顺利展开起着至关重要的作用。
经贸英语的语言特点还表现在其适应性和开放性上。
随着全球经济一体化的进程，各国的经济和贸易交流越来越密切，因此经贸英语需要具有较强的适应性和开放性。
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Aggregate demand 总需求aggregate supply总供给actual inflation实际通货膨胀Absolute Advantage绝对优势 A one-side process单边过程art museum艺术博物馆accounting firm会计事务所annual reports年报acceptable accuracy 可接受的准确性Business cycles经济循环business expansions经济扩张brand loyalty品牌忠诚度Comparative Advantage比较优势理论central bank中央银行common sense常识clinical study临床研究Disposable income 可支配收入discount rates在贴现率demand deposit活期存款desired results期望结果Expectations of inflation通胀预期excess reserves超额准备金exposure to loss饱受损失experience and intuition经验和直觉Fiscal policy财政政策financial market 金融市场free trade自由贸易fullemployment充分就业free exchangerates浮动汇率fixed exchange rates固定汇率federaljudges联邦法官financial statements财务报表Governmentspending政府支出government bonds政府债券Legal contract法律合同life insurance人寿保险insidertrading内部交易MacroeconomicPolicy Levers宏观政策工具monetarypolicy货币政策market segments市场细分marketpotential市场潜力Nominal andreal(GNP)名义和实际GNPnonrenewableenergy不可再生能源nonprofitorganization非盈利机构naturaldisasters自然灾害Open marketoperation公开市场操作OpportunityCost机会成本onthe basis of incomelevel以收入水平为基础operatingsystem操作系统Price stability价格稳定productionpossibility frontier生产可能性边界price fixing限价Retained earnings留存余额reserverequirements法定准备金率rapidgrowth of output经济增长rentalservices租赁服务Speculative risk投机风险The distribution ofincome收入分配the patterns oftrade贸易模式trade barriers贸易壁垒the marketmechanism市场经济the GreatDepression大萧条the post hoc fallacy后此谬误thefallacy ofcomposition合成谬误the grossnationalproduct(CNP)国名生产总值transferoutlays转移支付the Federal Reserve美联储the federalopen marketcommittee联邦公开市场委员会T-account资产负债表the moneymultiplier货币乘数the IndustrialRevolution工业革命target markets目标市场Zero-sum game 零和博弈什么是经济学？经济学定义。
Economics is thestudy of howsocieties use scarceresources toproduce valuablecommodities anddistribute themamong differentpeople.经济学是一门研究社会如何用稀缺资源去生产有价值的货物并把它们分配给不同人的学问。
宏观经济学三个目标：full employment，rapid growth ofoutput，pricestability充分就业，经济增长，价格稳定宏观经济政策工具的作用？To showhow these tools canbe used to narrowgaps between actualemployment andfull employment，between actualinflation and noinflation,andbetween the actualgrowth rate and thepotential growthrate.表面如何去使用这些工具去缩小实际就业和充分就业的差距，实际通过膨胀和没有通货膨胀的差距，实际增长率和潜在增长率的差距。
绝对优势的概念：The producer that requires a smaller quantity of inputs to produce a good is said to have a absolute advantage in producing that good.比较优势的概念：The produce who has the small opportunity cost of producing a good is said to have a comparative advantage in producing that good.机会成本：As we know that the opportunity cost of some item is what we give up to get that item.美联邦储蓄建立的时间和原因：The Federal Reserve was created in 1914 after a series of bank failures in 1907 convinced congress that the United States needed a central bank to ensure the health of the nation’s banking system.经济学两大原理：One of the Ten Principles of Economics is that prices rise when the government printstoo much money，Another of the TenPrinciples ofEconomic is thatsociety faces ashort-run tradeoffbetween inflationand unemployment.保险的定义：Insurance is acooperativefinancial-economicsystem whichenable thepolicyholder toreplace a large，possible loss with asmall，certain one.管理的定义：Management is theprocess of workingwith and throughothers to achieveorganizationalobjective in achangingenvironment.管理的五个部分：1、working with andthrough others.2、achievingorganizationalobjectives.3、balancingeffectiveness andefficiency.4、makingthe most of limitedresources.5、copingwith a changingenvironment.管理的8个职能：planning,decision,making,organizing,staffing,communicating,motivating,leading,controlling也许要求翻译：Those who agreewith Mintzbergbelieve that thefunctional approachportrays themanagementprocess as far moresystematic andrational and lesscomplex than itreally is.那些同意明茨伯格的人相信管理功能的方法描述的过程远没有实际系统更合理，比实际简单。
3种管理角色（managerialroles）:interpersonalroles,informationalroles,decisionalroles市场营销的定义：Marketing is theprocess of planningand executing theconception,pricing,promotion,anddistribution ofideas,goods,andservices to createexchange thatsatisty individualand organizationalgoals.市场细分的4个步骤：Identify possiblemarketsegment;Determinesegmentsizes;Qualitydemandpatterns;Selecttarget market.市场细分的5条标准：1、The size ofsegment can bemeasured orestimated withacceptableaccuracy.2、Thesegment are largeenough that it istheoreticallypossible to make aprofit servingthem.3、Within eachsegment,thepotential buyershave similar needs.4、The needs ofpotential buyers indifferent segmentsare different.5、Theorganization canreach at least onesegment thoughmarketing activities.市场潜力的定义：Marketpotential-the totalamount of productthat buyers in thesegment willpurchase during aspecified period oftime,given aspecified level ofmarketing activity.马斯洛的需要层次理论（Maslow’sNeeds HierarchyTheory）：Physiologicalneeds,safety needs,loveneeds,esteem needs,self-actualizat ion needs. Although Maslow’s theory has not stood up well under actual testing,it teaches managers one important lesson:a fulfilled need does not motivate an individual.虽然马斯诺的理论在实际检验中是站不住脚的，但它教给管理者的一个重要启示：一个满足了的需求激励不了一个人。