全球供应链管理 Global Supply Chain Management

Supply Chain Utilities
TIME PLACE POSSESSION
Network of Relationships
Finland Sweden Denmark Norway Netherlands Germany
Iceland
Ford Example
Belfast
Carburetors and distributors
Leamington
Foundry production of engine components
Wü lfrath
Transmission parts, engine components
Dagenham
Final assembly
Cologne
Die-cast transaxle casings, gear and engine components
Source: Kotabe (2000)
International Supply Chain Organization
Bordeaux
Transmissions
Valencia
Final assembly
Saarlouis
Final assembly
Types of International Sourcing Strategy
Sourcing Intra-Firm Sourcing Outsourcing
Domestic International Domestic International
A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . End Customer
Formal Definition of a Supply Chain
• A supply chain is a “network of facilities and activities that performs the functions of product development, procurement of material from suppliers, the movement of materials between facilities, the manufacturing of products, the distribution of finished goods to customers, and aftermarket support for sustainment” (Mabert and Venkataraman 1998).
It’s All About Leverage
• Consider how to turn an aircraft. Aircrafts are steered through the use of a system of ailerons on the wings and the rudder at the tail of the aircraft. In comparison to the aircraft, the ailerons and the rudder are very small; however, leverage allows them to turn the large aircraft. In other words, putting the right combination of a little leverage on the right places allows incredible maneuvering.
Domestic In-House Sourcing
Offshore Subsidiary Sourcing
Domestic Purchasing Arrangement
Offshore Outsourcing
A company procures major components inhouse by procuring them domesticuments, fuel and water gauges, plugs
Basildon
Radiators, water pump assembly, engine components
Treforest
Spark plug insulators
Genk
Body panels, road wheels
A company procures major components from its foreign subsidiary
A company buys major components from independent suppliers at home
A company buys major components from independent suppliers internationally
Global Supply Chain Management
Tomas Hult Director, International Business Center (MSU-CIBER) Associate Professor of Marketing and Supply Chain Management Michigan State University
What is a Supply Chain?
• Supply chains are linkages of partially discrete, yet interdependent entities that collectively transform raw materials into finished products. • Supply chains connect the functions of inbound activities (such as purchasing) with outbound activities (such as logistics and “place” activities).