关于高职高专院校俄语专业实践教学改革初探中英文对照

关于高职高专院校俄语专业实践教学改革初探中英文对照
About Russian professional practice teaching reform in
higher vocational college background in Chinese and
English language compared
俄语实践教学是高职高专院校俄语教育教学工作的重要组成部分，是高职高专院校俄语教育最具特色的环节，也是培养高等俄语技能应用型专门人才的重要条件之一。

因此，加强俄语实践教学的建设和改革，是提高俄语技能应用型人才培养质量的关键环节；加强俄语实践教学，是当前高职高专院校俄语教育改革与发展的重中之重。

我系俄语实践教学坚持以服务为宗旨、就业为导向、能力为本位，在俄语实践教学方面作了一些大胆而有益的尝试，并取得了一定的成效。

Russian practice teaching of Russian education teaching work in higher vocational college is an important part of Russian education in higher vocational college is the most distinctive, and develop advanced Russian skills one of the important conditions to cultivate specialized talents. Therefore, strengthen the Russian practice teaching construction and reform, is the key link to improve the quality of Russian skills applied talents cultivation; Strengthen the Russian practice teaching, is the current Russian education reform and development in higher vocational college's top priority. My department Russian teaching practice adheres to the service for the purpose, employment as the guide, ability as the standard, in Russian teaching practice made a bold and beneficial attempt, and has obtained certain results.
一、加强俄语实训基地建设，是提高俄语教学质量，解决课堂教学与社会实际相脱节等诸多问题的突破口
One, to strengthen the construction of Russian practice base, is improve the quality of Russian teaching, classroom teaching and social practice many problems, such as the separation of the breakthrough
近两年，我校从人力、物力和财力等方面加大了对俄语专业实训基地建设的投入力度。

先后投入资金近120万元，用于联系校外实习基地、建立现代化多功能语音室，完善俄语能力超市等。

经过3年的建设，目前已建成了内外配合的网状实训基地。

Nearly two years, our school from the perspectives of human, material and financial resources, increase the investment in Russian professional practice base construction. Successively invested nearly 1.2 million yuan, used to contact off-campus practice base, establishing the modern multi-function language lab, improve the ability of Russian supermarket, etc. After three years of construction, has built the cooperation both inside and outside of mesh training base.
（一）新颖独特的校内实训基地
(a) original practice base of school
包括专业语音室3个，电台1个，能力超市1个。

广播电台，每天按时播放与教学同步的教学磁带及收播外国电台的节目，培养外语听的能力及外语快速反应能力。

其中，能力超市是俄语专业实践教学的特色之一。

能力超市包括语言测试区、导游、海关、车站、谈判、日常生活技能实训区，影视播放区及俄罗斯风情屋。

语言测试区主要训练学生的语音。

学生可将自己朗读的内容录入微机，通过波形与外教的录音做同步比较，以纠正自己的语音；导游技能实训区主要训练学生的俄语导游词解说，境内、境外游带团等导游基本技能；模拟海关、机场、火车站实训区主要训练学生如何过关及报关报检手续办理；模拟谈判实训区主要训练学生的谈判技巧、外交礼仪和应变能力；日常生活语言技能实训区主要训练学生运用语言进行交际的能力，学生可在模拟区内利用影碟中相关内容或在教师的指导下初步了解购物、就餐、住宿和就医的过程；学生在影视播放区可收看俄罗斯的电影和电视节目，进而提高听力水平和理解能力，扩大学生的知识面；学生可在俄罗斯风情屋内了解俄罗斯的风土人情。

Including professional language lab 3, radio 1, ability to supermarket one. Radio, broadcast and synchronous teaching tape on time every day and reception of foreign radio program, training foreign languages listening ability, and rapid response ability. Among them, the ability of the supermarket is one of the features of Russian professional practice teaching. Supermarket including language ability test area, tour guide, customs, railway stations, negotiations, daily living skills training area, film and television play area and Russian customs house. Language testing area mainly training the students' voice. Students can read the content of the entry of microcomputer, themselves through waveform comparison with the foreign teachers do the synchronization, to correct their pronunciation; Tour guide skills training area main training students of the Russian's commentaries, domestic and outbound tourism of tour guide the basic skills; Simulation of the customs, airports, railway stations, practice area main training students how to pass and the customs clearance formalities; Simulated negotiation training area main training students' skills, foreign etiquette and strain capacity; Everyday language skills training area main training students' ability of using language for communication, students can use in analog video related content or under the guidance of teachers in the preliminary understanding process of shopping, dining, accommodation and medical treatment; Students in the film and television play area can watch movies and TV shows, in Russia, in turn, raise the level of listening and understanding ability, expand students' knowledge; Students understand the local conditions and customs of Russia in the Russian customs house.
俄语能力超市将真实的职业环境和语言氛围进行仿真再现，使学生在国内俄语课堂就能体会到在国外学习的语言环境。

Russian ability supermarket will be real professional environment simulation reappearance and language atmosphere, causes the student in the domestic Russian classroom studying abroad can be felt by language environment.
（二）互助双赢的校外实训基地
(2) mutual win-win off-campus practice base
2002—2006年间，我系与鸡西、绥芬河、东宁、密山、虎林、哈巴等边境城市的18家旅行社、经贸公司、私立俄语学校签订了合作办学协议。

每年的实践学期、学生的毕业实习学期，都由系里统一安排学生到校外实践基地进行就业实习。

企业为我们提供实习场所和业务指导，并向系里反映学生实习情况。

通过反馈信息，我们及时调整人才培养方案，不断地适应市场需求。

同时，我们为企业提供智力支持和俄语人才，产学结合，实现了学校和企业的双赢。

During 2002-2006, my department and jixi, suifenhe, dongning, dwells, HuLin, khabarov the border city of 18 travel agencies, economic and trade companies, private Russian school signed an agreement of cooperation in running schools. Annual practice semester, student graduation practice semester, all arranged by a department internship students to off-campus practice base for employment. Provide us with internship sites and business guidance, and reflect the students to the department. Through the feedback information, we adjust the talent training scheme, and continually adapt to the market demand. At the same time, we provide intellectual support for the enterprise and the Russian people, learning combined with production, realize win-win situation of schools and enterprises.
二、加强实习管理工作，努力提高实践教学的效果
Second, strengthen practice management work, and strive to improve the practice teaching effect
实习是高职高专院校实践教学的主要形式之一，是学生由学校走向就业的第一步，是学生养成良好职业道德、严谨作风和提高各方面素质的重要平台。

我校十分重视实践教学的这一环节，坚持以就业为导向，切实加强实习管理，健全制度，创新机制，全面提高实践教学水平。

具体做好以下几项工作：
Practice is one of the main form of practice teaching in higher vocational college, is the first step in students from school to employment, is the students to develop good professional ethics, rigorous style of work and important platform of improving the quality of all aspects. Our school attaches great importance to the practice teaching link, adhere to the employment as the guidance, strengthen the management of the internship, sound system, innovative mechanism, improving the practice teaching level. Specific to do the following work:
（一）认真编制实习计划和实习大纲
(a) carefully prepare the internship program and internship program
以“能力本位，技能优先”为主导思想，以社会需求为导向，选择最基础、最实用、涵盖面最广的教材。

在实习计划和大纲中明确规定实习时间、实习目的、任务和要求、实习内
容与方法、实习期间的教学活动安排、考核方式和考核标准。

"Ability standard, skills first" as the dominant idea, guided by social needs, choose the most basic, the most practical, one of the most widely coverage of the teaching material. Specified in the internship program and outline internship internship time, purpose, task and requirement, practice, practice content and method during the teaching activities, evaluation method and evaluation standard.
（二）以职业道德为重点，加强对实习学生的思想教育
(2) with an emphasis on professional ethics, strengthen the ideological education of students
我们坚持把职业能力培养与职业道德培养紧密结合起来，切实将德育工作的总体要求落实到实习过程的各个环节。

加强对实习学生的法纪教育和行为习惯教育，注重培养学生树立正确的劳动意识、安全意识、服务意识和就业观念，帮助学生提高职业道德修养，提高岗位实践技能。

We insist on the professional ability training and professional ethics training is closely together, to translate the overall requirements of the moral education work into the practical process of each link. Strengthen the discipline of students education and behavior habit education, pay attention to cultivate students to establish correct labor consciousness, safe consciousness, service consciousness and the concept of employment, help students to improve professional ethics accomplishment, improve the post practice skills.
（三）健全工作制度，全面提高实习管理的水平，建立完善的实习信息反馈、实习检查、实习考核和档案管理制度
(3) improve the working system, comprehensively improve the management of practice, set up perfect internship information feedback, practice, practice examination and file management system
加强实习过程各环节的动态管理，发现问题及时解决，保证实习的质量。

四是建立和完善对实习学生评价考核机制。

我们将实习考核成绩作为学生毕业的必备条件纳入学业综合评价指标体系，激发了学生的上进心，增强了他们的竞争意识。

Strengthen dynamic management internship process each link, found problems in a timely manner, guarantee the quality of internship. Four is to establish and perfect the evaluation mechanism. The internship students We will practice examination scores as a prerequisite for graduation into the comprehensive evaluation index system of academic, stimulated the students' desire to do better, to enhance their competitiveness.
三、加强师资培训，促进教师“双师型”转化
Third, strengthen the teacher training, promoting the transformation of teacher's "double teacher
type"
教师在实践教学中处于主导地位，专业教师实践能力的强弱直接关系到实践教学的效果，只有实践能力强的教师才能培养出技能高超的学生。

为此，我系的师资队伍建设不仅仅满足于提高教师的学历层次和科研水平，而且注重专业教师的能力技能培训，建设一支既有坚实的专业基础理论知识，又有熟练的操作技能的“双师型”教师队伍。

Teachers in the teaching practice in a dominant position, the strength of the professional teachers' practical ability is directly related to the effect of practice teaching, only the strong practice ability of teachers to cultivate highly skilled students. To do this, I in the department of teaching staff construction not just content to improve teachers' education level and scientific research level, skills training and pay attention to teachers' professional ability, have a solid professional basic theoretical knowledge of building a, and has the skilled operation skills of "double type" teachers.
为此，我系在每学期教学中都安排个别专业教师到公司、企业或旅行社轮流进行挂职锻炼，以提高专业教师理论联系实际的能力，或开展专业的社会调查，了解自己所从事专业的目前现状和发展趋势，以便在教学中及时补充反映新科技新工艺的教学内容。

同时，我系还投资鼓励专业教师积极参加获取相关专业职业资格证书（如导游资格证书、翻译证书等）的考试，为实践教学的成功开展奠定了人力基础。

To do this, I department are arranged in each semester teaching to a company, enterprise or individual professional teachers travel agency alternate credentials the exercise, in order to improve the professional teacher's ability to integrate theory with practice, or to carry out professional social investigation, understand his professional status quo and development trend at present, in order to complement in time reflect new technology and new technology in the teaching of teaching content. Investment at the same time, my department also encourages professional teachers take an active part in access to relevant professional qualification certificate (such as a tour guide qualification certificate, certificate of translation, etc.) of the test, to the success of the practice teaching development laid the foundation of human.
此外，我校还从俄罗斯和哈尔滨师范大学聘请10多位客座教授进行教学指导，他们为我校的教师和学生引进了新观念、新方法，促进了教师向“双师型”转化。

In addition, our school also from Russia, and employ more than 10 guest professor of Harbin normal university teaching guidance, they as teachers and students in our school has introduced a new concept, new method, promotes the teacher to "double teacher type".
我校位于黑龙江省东部地区，地处中俄边境城市鸡西市。

近年来，这一区域内的对俄经济贸易活动非常频繁，而本地区俄语人才奇缺，我系俄语专业学生发挥了自身优势，承担了活动中的大多数翻译工作。

这样，既促进了中俄贸易的发展，又提高了俄语专业学生的实践应用能力。

Our school is located in the eastern region in heilongjiang province, is located in the sino-russian border city of jixi. In this area in recent years, the economic trade activity is very frequent,
because the Russian region talented person, I department of Russian students play their own advantages, take activities in most of the translation work. In this way, both promoted the development of sino-russian trade, and improve the Russian professional students' practical application ability.
如为促进中俄经济文化合作与发展，鸡西市人民政府每年举办一届“中俄文化交流周暨中俄文化合作论坛”，承办单位市委宣传部每年都邀请我系俄语教师带领专业学生参与活动，承担大部分翻译工作。

经过三次成功合作，我系已与市委宣传部建立了长期合作关系。

此外，市科技局、市一建公司、市公证处等企事业单位相继与我系建立联系，他们的书面材料先由我系俄语专业学生负责翻译，由专业教师最后把关。

通过参加各项翻译活动，学生不仅增长了见识，提高了口头和笔头翻译能力，同时也意识到自身知识的不足，调动了学生学习的积极性。

Such as to promote the economic and cultural cooperation and development between China and Russia, jixi people's government held annually "week of sino-russian cultural exchanges and cultural cooperation between China and Russia BBS", department of municipal party committee propaganda department each year invited me to undertake units of Russian teachers lead students to participate in activities, shoulder the bulk of the translation work. After three times of successful cooperation, my department has established long-term partnerships with municipal party committee propaganda department. In addition, the municipal technology bureau, municipal, city notary office and other enterprises and institutions have built a company contact with my department set up, their written material by my department Russian professional students is responsible for the translation first, and finally by professional teachers. By taking part in the translation activities, students not only increase the knowledge, improve the ability of oral and written translation, also is aware of own intellectual shortcomings at the same time, arouse the enthusiasm of the students' learning.。