新概念第一册知识点总结讲解

新概念第一册知识点总结（全）

名词

名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词有单复数变化。不可数名词没有。

可数名词单数变复数规则：

1)单数名词加s: students, apples, bags, trees, books, brothers.

2)以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es: glasses, boxes, brushes, matches.

3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es: cities, babies, enemies.

4)以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f为v加es: wives, knives.但有些词只加s: roofs, proof s, chiefs.

5)以o结尾的名词，有些加es: Negroes, heroes, tomatoes, potatoes.其它加s: radios, zoos, pianos, photos.

6)不规则名词：foot→feet, goose→geese, tooth→teeth, child→children, man→men, woman→women, sheep→sheep, deer→deer, mouse→m ice.

代词

第一人称第二人

称

第三人称

单数复数单数复数单数复数

人称代词主格 I we you you he she

it

they

宾格 me us you you him her

it

them

物主形容

词性

my our your your his her it

s

their

做动词或介词的宾语.

Eg: a. I’m a nurse.

b. Could you help me

II. 物主代词又分为形容词性的物主代词和名词性的物主代词.

形容词性的物主代词:相当于形容词,后面要跟名词,指定名词的所属对象.

名词性的物主代词:相当于一个名词,必须单独使用，后面不能再跟名词.

Eg: a. Your school is small, mine is big.(=my school)

b. This is not your pen. Yours is on the desk.(=your pen)

时态

一、一般现在时：

概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

时间状语：

always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays…

基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词

否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

My father is a doctor.

Tom isn’t at home.

Are they policemen

I often get up at 7 o’clock every morning.

He doesn’t like apples.

Do you always read before going to bed

What do you usually do on Sundays

一般现在时句中，如果主语是第三人称时，动词要变第三人称单数，变化规则如下：

1) 一般情况下，动词后面直接加-s. 例如：

works gets says reads

2) 以s，x ，ch，sh或o 结尾的动词，在后面加-es。例如：goes teaches washes

3) 以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词，把y变为i 再加-es. 例如：studies tries carries

特殊情况：动词have 的第三人称单数是has。

例如： He has an interesting book.

二、一般过去时：

概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, the other day, long long ago, once upo n a time, ….

基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词

否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。

I was at my mother’s last week.

Once upon a time, there was a beautiful girl whose name was Snow White.

Lucy went to America five months ago.

I didn’t go to the cinema last night.

Did Lily dance at the party

What did you do yesterday

动词的过去式变化：

be动词：am/is-----was are---were

规则动词：

1. 直接在词尾加-ed。如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned

2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如：like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved

3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop—stopped, trip—tripped

4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。如：study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married

不规则动词：

Have-had eat-ate drink-drank go-went come-came see-saw hear-heard put-put cut-cut 等等

三、现在进行时：

概念：表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作及行为。

时间状语：now, at this time, these days, …

基本结构：am/is/are+doing

否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.

一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。

They are playing basketball on the playground.