简单句五大基本句型PPT

DO
OC to do 不定式
5 We often make the teachers help us.
19
DO
OC 动词原形
一个非常特殊的句型
I found it interesing to learn English.
S
V
DO OC
DO
形式宾语
真正宾语
动词（make/feel/find/consider/think)+ it + 宾补 + 真正宾语
I felt it useful to learn English.
20
S + V + IO + DO 主 +谓 + 间宾+直宾句型
sb. Sth.
we shouldn’t give the birds any food.
S
V
IO(间接宾语) DO（直接宾语)
Indirect Object Direct object
A sing; sang B singing; singing
C sing; singing D sing; sing
感官类动词用动词原形和动词-ing形式做宾补 含义不同
17
He spoke loudly to make himself heard. 常见的可接动词-ed形式作宾补的动词有： Have, make, get,see,hear,feel,watch,find… V + O + OC (V sb done)
1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意 必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况 判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词
可接名词宾补的动词有call/elect/name/find…12
I make him
DO
angry 就是是否存在
OC 逻辑上的主系表关系
He
is
此处为 形容词宾补
主 +谓 + 宾+宾补句型 简称 主谓宾补
Can you hear someone playing basketball next door?
V sb doing sth
He came home at midnight and found his
money stolen.
V sb done
18
1 I find you clever.
常考的主谓宾补句型：
become / turn / get / grow / …变得
I like the golden eagle.
SV
DO
It has a hooked beak.
SV
DO
It is
S
It looks
表语:表示主
lovely. 语是什么(身
份)或者怎么
strong.
样(处于什么 状态)
SV
P（表语)
linking verbs(系动词)
know/find
6
→1. S + V(lv) + P 主语+ 谓语(系动词) + 表语
be (am are was were) / seem / keep /…是/好象(似 乎)是/保持
look / feel / taste / smell / sound / …看/感觉/尝/闻/ 听起来(上去)
eturn/ hand 加for: buy/ choose/ draw/ make/ order/ paint/ sing/ save
双宾语结构中有两个宾语，判断标准是 可否将两个宾语顺序替换并加介词to/for 22
1 I feel excited. 主语+ 谓语(系动词) + 表语 2 They are watching TV. 主语+谓语（及）+宾语 3 Many boys are running. 主语+谓语（不及物） 4 He gave Tom a present. 主 +谓 + 间宾+直宾句型 5 I find it interesting. 主 +谓 + 宾+宾补 6 Music sounds beautiful.主语+ 谓语(系动词) + 表语 7 I am a student. 主语+ 谓语(系动词) + 表语 8 She bought a pen for me主. +谓 + 间宾+直宾句型
1.They are running.
→1. S + V
2.Jim can draw.
run draw vi.(不及物 动词）
3.The baby pandas drink milk. →1. S + V + O What do the baby pandas drink?
4.We will read English.
注意: 1 现在进行时的谓语与主系表结构有区别:
关键要看be动词后接的是实义动词ing形式还是表语(形1名0 介
David
a zookeeper
We call the man ‘David’.
S V DO
OC(宾补) Object
I make him angry. Complement
S
V DO OC
He tells us
S V DO
S + V + DO + OC 主 +谓 + 宾+宾补
to protect the birds OC
11
We call the man David 就是是否存在逻辑
DO
OC 上的主系表关系
the man is David
此处为 名词宾补
S + V + DO + OC 主 +谓 + 宾+宾补句型
drink read
注意:
What will we read?
1.谓语(V)具有各种不同时态;
vt.（及物动词）
进行时；情态动词；现在时； 以及将来时
2. 在句中先找主语 subject 再找谓语部分
如是不及物动词，其后不能直接加宾语
如是及物动词，其后必须有宾语。
其后有没有宾语是S+V和S+V+O判断标志
1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意 必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况 判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词
可接 形容词宾补的动词有keep/make/find… 13
We often find him in the zo就o是是否存在
DO
OC 逻辑上的主系表关系
He
is
此处为 介短宾补
主 +谓 + 宾+宾补句型 简称 主谓宾补
简单句的基本句型
1
英语句子的种类(按结构）
简单句 (simple sentence) 并列句 (compound sentence) 复合句 (complex sentence)
2
Vi（不及物动词）
主 语
谓 语
Vt（及物动词）
宾语 宾语(直) 宾语(间)
宾语 宾补
系动词
表语
简单句（Simple Sentences） 就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子
2.表示变化的动词：有固定的搭配
get smaller; grow older; become stronger; turn yellow; go bad; come true
3.表示状态保持的动词：
stay healthy; keep warm; remain保持
be (am,is.are,was,were)是 ；seem似乎
He tells me
S
V
IO
some rules.
DO
21
主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语
I pass
him
IO
to
a book
DO
He bought his son for a present.
IO
DO
加to: bring/ give/ offer/ pass/ show/ sell/ tell/ send/ lend/
Predicative
系动词
表语 7
必须是这三类专门的词，而且必须表达这个特殊 的含义时才是系动词。
常见的连系动词
1.表示感觉的动词5个---翻译为 …起来
feel感到 excited; smell good; taste delicious;
sound interesting; look happy
He keeps me waiting.
常见的可接动词-ing形式作宾补的动词有：
Keep 和 see,hear,feel,watch,find…
V + O + OC (V sb doing sth)
16
I often hear David ________ when I stay at home, but yesterday I was very angry because I heard him _____C______ in his room at midnight.
1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意 必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况 判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词
可接 介短宾补的动词有keep/see/notice/find1…4
He tells us to protect the birds
DO
OC
此处为 带to的动词不定式做宾补
主 +谓 + 宾+宾补句型 简称 主谓宾补
1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意 必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况 就是我们常见的 动词+ sb + to do 词组
15
He tells us to protect the birds.
常见的可接带to不定式宾补的动词有： tell,ask,want,would like,wish,teach,invite… V + O + OC (V sb to do sth)
英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五 种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,只要把这些基 本句型弄清楚,你就会游刃有余了
3
→1. S + V 主语+谓语 主谓结构
Vi 不及物动词
1.A golden eagle is flying. 后面没有宾语 2.A crane eats fish.
3.A Swan has
a long thin neck.
4.A swallow
→2. S + V + O 主语+谓语+宾语
has a forked tail.
Vt 及物动词 后面必须有宾语
Subject(主语) Verb（谓语） Direct Object（宾语）
S 动作发出者 V 动作本身 DO 动作承受者4
SV和SVO的注意点
8
1 The man is in the park.
lv
P（介词短语）
2 He looks kind.
lv P（adj）
3 He is a kind man.
lv P（n名词短语）
4 The singing of birds sounds beautiful.
lv
P(adj)
5 The world will become better.
3. 如果对宾语提问使用疑问词what.
5
The government wants to protect the endangered birds.
S
V
O
I will finish doing homework soon.
S
V
O
I think that you can do the job.
SV
O
lv
P(adj形容词比较级)
表语 P成分可以是
形容词，名词，介词短语(形名介) 9
区分进行时态和SVP中lv是Be动词的情况
1. She often laughs. 一般现在时 (S + V)
2. She is laughing now. 现在进行时 (S + V)
3. She will laugh soon. 一般将来时 (S + V)
谓语(V)具有各种不同时态
Happily adv修饰动词sing vi
4. She is singing happily.
(S + V)
5. SheA issonsgin是g名in词g做a宾s语onsign.g vt
(S + V+O)
a singer 名词表语 happy 形容词表语
6. She is a singer. She is happy. (S + V+P)
动词 + to do: learn/prepare/would like/need/have/
try /want/hope/plan/agree/choose/decide 这就是我们常见的 动词+ to do 句型 动词 + doing sth:mind/finish/practise 这就是我们常见的 动词+ doing 句型 动词 + 宾语从句: think/believe/ be sure/be afraid /say/
DO OC (adj)
2 We will make our country stronger and stronger.
DO
OC 形容词 比较级
3 They can keep the zoo clean.
DO OC adj
4 Parents wish their children to study hard.
My deskmate often makes me laugh. 常见的可接不带to不定式当宾补的动词有：
一感二听三让五看” feel,/ hear, listen to, / let, make, have, /look at, see, , watch, notice, observe
V + O + OC (V sb do sth)