铜转炉白烟灰湿法提取铋的工艺研究
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中将锑铋进行分离的可能性。在此基础上,以质量浓度为1 5%的氨水
为中和剂,考察了终点pH值对Bi、Sb、As、Pb、Cu五种元素沉出 率的影响,确定调节pH值在O.5~3.0之间分段水解,得到铋、砷含 量分别为36.2%、19.1%的富铋沉淀和锑、砷含量分别为19.13%、
27.17%的富锑沉淀,其中富铋沉淀中铋的回收率为96%。然后对Bi --As--H20体系进行热力学分析,绘制了标准状态下的e--pH图,
a
counter-current circulation
leaching of the first leached residue under the conditions of 60℃.2 mol・L~H2S04,2.5 mol。L叫NaCl,and the liquid—solid ratio 2:1,is feasible. Under these conditions.an average extraction rate of 95.08%can be
and the impact of pH value
precipitation rate of the five
elements(Bi、
Sb、As、Pb、Cu)was examined respectively.The optimized results show
that by
adjusting
can
a
be recovered
valuable
resource. a
In this paper,the recovery of bismuth from white ash offered by
copper metallurgy
company
Was
studied.In
the
mature
industrial
antimony
is
analysis was carried out
the Bi—As—H20 system,and the£一pH
diagram under the standard conditions is drawn.The operation conditions of alkali leaching process were optimized.The results show that under the optimal condition of 25。C,2 mol・L~NaOH,and the liquid-solid ratio 5:1, is
关键词:铜转炉烟灰;浸出;海绵铋;氧化铋 分类号:TF817
111
Extraction of Bismuth from Copper Converter Flue Dusts by
Hydrometallurgical Process
Abstract:In byproducts china.sixty percent of bismuth iS extracted from in the the
and intermediate products that produced
smelting kinds
process of other of bismuth
metals(1ead,copper,tin,etc.)productions.These
resources
including complex grade of valuable metal contents.
our al e
attracting increasing
on
country.From these aspects,research
recovery of bismuth from white ash still has vital significance.According
to the characteristic of low bismuth content
pH value of leaching solution from 0.5 to 3.0,over 96% be recovered precipitation
on as
of bismuth rich
rich bismuth precipitation,meanwhile, also obtained.Then thermodynamic
研究方向:
有色金属冶金 学院(系、所): 冶金与环境学院 指导教师: 陈白珍教授 副指导教师: 陈亚讲师
论文答辩日期兰竺堡墨丝
答辩委员会主席墨堑孑
中 南大学 二O一三年五月
原创性声明
本人声明,所呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工 作及取得的研究成果。尽我所知,除了论文中特别加以标注和致谢的 地方外,论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果,也不包 含为获得中南大学或其他单位的学位或证书而使用过的材料。与我共 同工作的同志对本研究所作的贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明。
作者签名:兽每导师签名峭日期.坐年上月坚日
铜转炉白烟灰湿法提取铋的工艺研究
摘要:我国铋冶炼生产的原料中有60%是来自其它金属(铅、铜、锡 等)冶炼过程中产出的含铋副产品和中间产物,这些原料的有价金属 含量复杂、品位也高低不等。铜转炉白烟灰是火法炼铜过程中产生的 烟尘,经浸出可回收其中的多种有价重金属,也是铜冶炼过程中产出
作者签名:扭
日期:世年』妇尘日
学位论文版权使用授权书
本人了解中南大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,即:学校有 权保留学位论文并根据国家或湖南省有关部门规定送交学位论文,允 许学位论文被查阅和借阅;学校可以公布学位论文的全部或部分内 容,可以采用复印、缩印或其它手段保存学位论文。同时授权中国科 学技术信息研究所将本学位论文收录到《中国学位论文全文数据库》, 并通过网络向社会公众提供信息服务。
来自百度文库
production,most of the valuable metals such as copper,cadmium,zinc, indium has been effectively recovered.However,也e content of bismuth in the leaching residue remains
的一种含铋原料。
本文所研究的原料来自某公司的铜转炉白烟灰,其中绝大部分的 有价金属如铜、镉、锌、铟等得到了有效回收,但所生产的白烟灰浸 出渣中铋的含量仍高达3%,具有很高的经济价值。当前,国家及各 个行业都在大力发展循环经济及环保产业,为了实现资源的合理化利
用和可持续发展,研究从白烟灰中回收铋仍具有十分重要的意义。根
IgfBi3+]r--pH
diagram of
diagram of
Bi(III)--C1--H20
system and
lg[Sb”]v--pH
that bismuth the leaching
Bi(III)--C1--H20
system were characterized
a
when[C1]was
can
2.5 mol・L~.Analysis comes to be separated from antimony by
theoretical conclusion pH value in
adj usting the
as
solution.Ammonia(1 5%)was
on
used
neutralizing agent,
as
high as 3%,which means
a
loss of high
economic value if it iS discharged without further treatment.At present. cycled economy and environmental protection focus by industries and
and high
lead,copper,arsenic employed
contents in the white ash,a hydrometallurgical process were
for the extraction of bismuth from the copper converter flue dust. The leaching process of copper converter flue dusts was studied. Dilute sulfuric acid and H2S04一NaCl solution Was used as leaching agents for twice leaching process,and the operation conditions of the second leaching process were optimized.The results show that most
据白烟灰中铋含量低,铅、铜、砷含量高的特点,本文采取湿法工艺
从铜转炉白烟灰中提取铋。
对铜转炉白烟灰的浸出工艺进行了研究。根据白烟灰的成分特 点,分别用稀硫酸及H2S04--NaCl混合溶液对白烟灰进行两次酸浸
处理,重点对二次酸浸的工艺参数进行了优化。结果表明,以O.5 mol・L—H2S04为浸出剂对白烟灰进行一次酸浸可将大部分Zn、Cd、 Cu、Fe等元素进行分离,同时铋和锑得到富集,再以一次浸出渣为
中图分类号亚墨!Z
UDC
学校代码!Q§三三. 密级
669.1
公珏
硕士学位论文
铜转炉白烟灰湿法提取铋的工艺研究
Extraction of B ismuth from Copper Converter Flue
Dusts by Hydrometallurgical Process
作者姓名: 学科专业:
廖婷 冶金工程
One of these is white ash,namely the copper converter flue dust produced in the copper smelting method.which iS also
a
kind of raw material
can
containing bismuth.A variety of valuable heavy metals by leaching from white ash.which makes it
选择用NaOH溶液对富铋沉淀进行碱浸脱砷处理,并对碱浸脱砷工艺 进行了优化。在NaOH浓度为2 tool・L一,温度为25℃,液固比为5:1,
II
反应时间为30 rain的条件下脱砷率为97.05%,得到铋含量为57.48%
的脱砷后富铋物料。同时对铋的分离工艺过程中产出的脱砷碱液和富 锑沉淀进行了处理,分别得到砷酸钠晶体和纯度为79.1 8%的海绵锑。 以脱砷后富铋物料为原料,通过“硝酸溶解一铁粉置换"工艺制 备海绵铋,重点考察了铁粉用量和置换时间对铋置换率和海绵铋纯度
solubility element such as Zn、Cd、CU、Fe
can
be separated and Bi。Sb
Can
be enriched by the first leaching,when the leaching agent Was 0.5 mol・L’1 H2S04.The optimized results show that
原料,在温度为60。C、液固比为2:1、硫酸浓度为2 mol・L~、氯离子 浓度为2.5 mol・L1的条件下进行二段逆流循环浸出,铋的平均浸出率 达到95.08%,所得酸浸液中铋离子浓度为16.00 g・L~。 对酸浸液中铋的分离工艺进行了研究。首先绘制了[C1]为2.5 mol‘L。的条件下Bi(III)--CI--H20系中lg[Bi3+]T--pH图和Sb(III)-- C1--H20系中lg[Sb3+】T--pH图,从理论上分析了调节pH值从酸浸液
的影响,在铁粉过量系数为1.5、置换时间为20 min的条件下铋的置
换率为98.1%,得到纯度为90.55%的海绵铋。以该海绵铋为原料, 通过两次“溶解一置换”除锑,三次“溶解一中和水解”除铁,煅烧 的工艺制备出符合电子工业用氧化铋标准(SJ/T 10678—1995)的高 纯氧化铋。图42幅,表30个,参考文献1 1 0篇。
obtained,when the leaching solution concentration of bismuth iS 1 6.00 g'L一. The separation process of bismuth from the leaching solution was studied.The
为中和剂,考察了终点pH值对Bi、Sb、As、Pb、Cu五种元素沉出 率的影响,确定调节pH值在O.5~3.0之间分段水解,得到铋、砷含 量分别为36.2%、19.1%的富铋沉淀和锑、砷含量分别为19.13%、
27.17%的富锑沉淀,其中富铋沉淀中铋的回收率为96%。然后对Bi --As--H20体系进行热力学分析,绘制了标准状态下的e--pH图,
a
counter-current circulation
leaching of the first leached residue under the conditions of 60℃.2 mol・L~H2S04,2.5 mol。L叫NaCl,and the liquid—solid ratio 2:1,is feasible. Under these conditions.an average extraction rate of 95.08%can be
and the impact of pH value
precipitation rate of the five
elements(Bi、
Sb、As、Pb、Cu)was examined respectively.The optimized results show
that by
adjusting
can
a
be recovered
valuable
resource. a
In this paper,the recovery of bismuth from white ash offered by
copper metallurgy
company
Was
studied.In
the
mature
industrial
antimony
is
analysis was carried out
the Bi—As—H20 system,and the£一pH
diagram under the standard conditions is drawn.The operation conditions of alkali leaching process were optimized.The results show that under the optimal condition of 25。C,2 mol・L~NaOH,and the liquid-solid ratio 5:1, is
关键词:铜转炉烟灰;浸出;海绵铋;氧化铋 分类号:TF817
111
Extraction of Bismuth from Copper Converter Flue Dusts by
Hydrometallurgical Process
Abstract:In byproducts china.sixty percent of bismuth iS extracted from in the the
and intermediate products that produced
smelting kinds
process of other of bismuth
metals(1ead,copper,tin,etc.)productions.These
resources
including complex grade of valuable metal contents.
our al e
attracting increasing
on
country.From these aspects,research
recovery of bismuth from white ash still has vital significance.According
to the characteristic of low bismuth content
pH value of leaching solution from 0.5 to 3.0,over 96% be recovered precipitation
on as
of bismuth rich
rich bismuth precipitation,meanwhile, also obtained.Then thermodynamic
研究方向:
有色金属冶金 学院(系、所): 冶金与环境学院 指导教师: 陈白珍教授 副指导教师: 陈亚讲师
论文答辩日期兰竺堡墨丝
答辩委员会主席墨堑孑
中 南大学 二O一三年五月
原创性声明
本人声明,所呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工 作及取得的研究成果。尽我所知,除了论文中特别加以标注和致谢的 地方外,论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果,也不包 含为获得中南大学或其他单位的学位或证书而使用过的材料。与我共 同工作的同志对本研究所作的贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明。
作者签名:兽每导师签名峭日期.坐年上月坚日
铜转炉白烟灰湿法提取铋的工艺研究
摘要:我国铋冶炼生产的原料中有60%是来自其它金属(铅、铜、锡 等)冶炼过程中产出的含铋副产品和中间产物,这些原料的有价金属 含量复杂、品位也高低不等。铜转炉白烟灰是火法炼铜过程中产生的 烟尘,经浸出可回收其中的多种有价重金属,也是铜冶炼过程中产出
作者签名:扭
日期:世年』妇尘日
学位论文版权使用授权书
本人了解中南大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,即:学校有 权保留学位论文并根据国家或湖南省有关部门规定送交学位论文,允 许学位论文被查阅和借阅;学校可以公布学位论文的全部或部分内 容,可以采用复印、缩印或其它手段保存学位论文。同时授权中国科 学技术信息研究所将本学位论文收录到《中国学位论文全文数据库》, 并通过网络向社会公众提供信息服务。
来自百度文库
production,most of the valuable metals such as copper,cadmium,zinc, indium has been effectively recovered.However,也e content of bismuth in the leaching residue remains
的一种含铋原料。
本文所研究的原料来自某公司的铜转炉白烟灰,其中绝大部分的 有价金属如铜、镉、锌、铟等得到了有效回收,但所生产的白烟灰浸 出渣中铋的含量仍高达3%,具有很高的经济价值。当前,国家及各 个行业都在大力发展循环经济及环保产业,为了实现资源的合理化利
用和可持续发展,研究从白烟灰中回收铋仍具有十分重要的意义。根
IgfBi3+]r--pH
diagram of
diagram of
Bi(III)--C1--H20
system and
lg[Sb”]v--pH
that bismuth the leaching
Bi(III)--C1--H20
system were characterized
a
when[C1]was
can
2.5 mol・L~.Analysis comes to be separated from antimony by
theoretical conclusion pH value in
adj usting the
as
solution.Ammonia(1 5%)was
on
used
neutralizing agent,
as
high as 3%,which means
a
loss of high
economic value if it iS discharged without further treatment.At present. cycled economy and environmental protection focus by industries and
and high
lead,copper,arsenic employed
contents in the white ash,a hydrometallurgical process were
for the extraction of bismuth from the copper converter flue dust. The leaching process of copper converter flue dusts was studied. Dilute sulfuric acid and H2S04一NaCl solution Was used as leaching agents for twice leaching process,and the operation conditions of the second leaching process were optimized.The results show that most
据白烟灰中铋含量低,铅、铜、砷含量高的特点,本文采取湿法工艺
从铜转炉白烟灰中提取铋。
对铜转炉白烟灰的浸出工艺进行了研究。根据白烟灰的成分特 点,分别用稀硫酸及H2S04--NaCl混合溶液对白烟灰进行两次酸浸
处理,重点对二次酸浸的工艺参数进行了优化。结果表明,以O.5 mol・L—H2S04为浸出剂对白烟灰进行一次酸浸可将大部分Zn、Cd、 Cu、Fe等元素进行分离,同时铋和锑得到富集,再以一次浸出渣为
中图分类号亚墨!Z
UDC
学校代码!Q§三三. 密级
669.1
公珏
硕士学位论文
铜转炉白烟灰湿法提取铋的工艺研究
Extraction of B ismuth from Copper Converter Flue
Dusts by Hydrometallurgical Process
作者姓名: 学科专业:
廖婷 冶金工程
One of these is white ash,namely the copper converter flue dust produced in the copper smelting method.which iS also
a
kind of raw material
can
containing bismuth.A variety of valuable heavy metals by leaching from white ash.which makes it
选择用NaOH溶液对富铋沉淀进行碱浸脱砷处理,并对碱浸脱砷工艺 进行了优化。在NaOH浓度为2 tool・L一,温度为25℃,液固比为5:1,
II
反应时间为30 rain的条件下脱砷率为97.05%,得到铋含量为57.48%
的脱砷后富铋物料。同时对铋的分离工艺过程中产出的脱砷碱液和富 锑沉淀进行了处理,分别得到砷酸钠晶体和纯度为79.1 8%的海绵锑。 以脱砷后富铋物料为原料,通过“硝酸溶解一铁粉置换"工艺制 备海绵铋,重点考察了铁粉用量和置换时间对铋置换率和海绵铋纯度
solubility element such as Zn、Cd、CU、Fe
can
be separated and Bi。Sb
Can
be enriched by the first leaching,when the leaching agent Was 0.5 mol・L’1 H2S04.The optimized results show that
原料,在温度为60。C、液固比为2:1、硫酸浓度为2 mol・L~、氯离子 浓度为2.5 mol・L1的条件下进行二段逆流循环浸出,铋的平均浸出率 达到95.08%,所得酸浸液中铋离子浓度为16.00 g・L~。 对酸浸液中铋的分离工艺进行了研究。首先绘制了[C1]为2.5 mol‘L。的条件下Bi(III)--CI--H20系中lg[Bi3+]T--pH图和Sb(III)-- C1--H20系中lg[Sb3+】T--pH图,从理论上分析了调节pH值从酸浸液
的影响,在铁粉过量系数为1.5、置换时间为20 min的条件下铋的置
换率为98.1%,得到纯度为90.55%的海绵铋。以该海绵铋为原料, 通过两次“溶解一置换”除锑,三次“溶解一中和水解”除铁,煅烧 的工艺制备出符合电子工业用氧化铋标准(SJ/T 10678—1995)的高 纯氧化铋。图42幅,表30个,参考文献1 1 0篇。
obtained,when the leaching solution concentration of bismuth iS 1 6.00 g'L一. The separation process of bismuth from the leaching solution was studied.The