机械毕业设计1230牵引式玉米青贮收割机的总体设计

摘要

玉米秸秆具有很高的利用价值。近年来，随着畜牧业的快速发展，动物饲料短缺的问题日益严重，在冬季尤为严重。在我国农村，玉米秸秆作为动物饲料有着悠久的历史，但是玉米秸秆在进行收获时大多采用人工收获，费时费力；机器收获则多是将秸秆粉碎还田。目前市场上出现了一种玉米收获机，能够将秸秆粉碎的同时送入集草车，并将碎秸秆填入密闭的青贮窖里发酵成耐存的青贮饲料。

本课题设计的牵引式玉米青贮收割机采用双锯齿圆盘切割器，割刀圆周速度较大。机具工作时，通过牵引架牵引进入收获机工作范围，并调整所需割茬高度。安装在机架上的柴油机将动传递给主轴上的刀盘和链轮组，链传动经过伞齿箱齿轮组、二级齿轮传动，带动前主、被动辊齿轮，同时驱动双锯齿圆盘切割器高速旋转，割下的秸秆饲料被前主、被动辊强制夹送到后喂入辊中间，然后送到铡切室的动、定刀片间，将秸秆饲料切碎。切碎后的秸秆饲料借助于刀轮高速旋转所产生的惯性和叶片的作用将饲料抛送。抛送后的饲料经导流简、出料口，最后被抛送到捡拾车匕。本文主要是应用机械设计方法和机械原理对玉米青贮收割机的全部零件进行尺寸研究设计，对主要的传动零部件进行受力分析和强度校核计算，用CAXA 电子图板及CAXA实体设计软件进行设计和绘图，初步完成了整机的设计并整理出图纸。

关键词：牵引式；玉米青贮；圆盘切割器

Abstract

Corn stover has the very high use value. In recent years, with the rapid development of animal husbandry and animal feed shortage problem increasingly serious, especially in winter. In our country's rural areas, the corn straw as animal feed has a long history, but the maize straw in mostly adopts manual harvest, harvest time consuming; The machine is the straw crushing returning more harvest. On the market at present there is a corn harvester, able to straw crushed into hay car at the same time, this method is easy to collect, but ship the storage operation takes work.

This topic design of towed silage corn harvester adopts double toothed disc cutter, cutter circumferential velocity is larger. Machine is working, through traction frame drawing into the harvester working range, and adjust the stubble height required. Installed on the frame of the diesel engine will be passed to the main shaft on the cutter disc and chain, chain drive through umbrella gear box gears, the secondary gear drive, drive, before the Lord, the passive roller gear drive double toothed disc cutter high-speed rotating at the same time, cut off the straw feed was before the Lord, the passive roller forced sandwiched to after feeding roller, and then sent to Zha cutting chamber between the moving and fixed blades, chop the straw feed. After chopped straw feed with the help of the knife wheel produced by high speed rotating inertia and the effect of blade will feed toss. After toss of the feed by diverting Jane, discharging mouth, the last is to pick up the car Bi. This article mainly used machinery design method and principle of all parts of silage corn harvester size research design, the main transmission parts of stress analysis and strength check calculation, using CAXA electronic board and CAXA entity design software to carry on the design and drawing, initially completed the design of the machine and sort out the drawings.

Key words:traction type; Corn silage.;The disc cutter