RSA算法实验报告
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实验二非对称密码算法RSA
一、实验目的
通过实际编程了解非对称密码算法RSA的加密和解密过程,加深对非对称密码算法的认识。
二、实验环境
运行Windows或Linux操作系统的PC机,具有版本的Java语言编译环境。
三、实验内容和步骤
1. 对RSA算法的理解
RSA算法(公开密钥算法)的原理:
(1).选择两个大的素数p和q(典型情况下为1024位)
(2).计算n = p * q 和 z =(p-1)*(q-1).
(3).选择一个与z互素的数,将它称为d
(4).找到e,使其满足e*d = 1 mod z
提前计算出这些参数以后,我们就可以开始执行加密了。首先将明文分成块,使得每个明文消息P落在间隔0*P 为了加密一个消息P,只要计算C=P^e(mod n) 即可。为了解密C,只要计算P=C^d(mod n)即可。可以证明,对于指定范围内的所有P,加密盒解密互为反函数。为了执行加密,你需要e和n;为了执行解密,你需要d和n。因此,公钥是有(e,n)对组成,而私钥是有(d,n)对组成。 实例:根据已知参数:p=3,q=11,M=2,计算公私钥,并对明文进行加密,然后对密文进行解密。 由题意知:n = p * q=33,z =(p-1)*(q-1)=20,选d=7, 计算得e=3,所以 C=M^e(mod n)=8 M=C^d(mod n)=2 2、RSA算法与DES算法的比较: 运行附件的RSATool,输入一大段文字,记录运行时间。再使用DES算法加密相同的文字,记录运行时间,对比这两个时间发现,RSA算法比DES算法慢很多,因为RSA算法进行的是大数运算,所以程序运行的速度比DES慢很多。因此RSA算法只适合于少量数据加密,不适合于大量数据加密。 3、算法设计 主要的方法: (1)、public static void GetPrime() 方法名称:产生大数的方法。 说明: 利用Java语言的中的类的方法中随机产生大数。 (2)、public static boolean MillerRobin(BigInteger num) 方法名称:判断是否是素数的方法。 参数说明: num是由GetPrime方法产生的大数。 说明: 这个方法判断GetPrime方法传过来的是否是一个素数,是就返回true,否就返回false。 (3)、public static BigInteger powmod( BigInteger a, BigInteger t, BigInteger num ) 方法名称:大数的幂运算方法。 说明: 这个方法对传入的大数进行幂运算。 (4)、public static BigInteger invmod(BigInteger a, BigInteger b) 方法名称:大数的取模运算方法。 说明:这个方法对大数进行取模运算。 (5)、public static String Encode(String inStr,BigInteger PrimeP,BigInteger PrimeQ, BigInteger n,int nLen,int m,JTextField d) 方法名称:加密算法。 参数说明: inStr是从界面输入的明文。 PrimeP和PrimeQ是由GetPrime方法产生的两个大素数。 n是由PrimeP和PrimeQ得到的值。 nLen为n的长度。 d为公钥。 (6)、public static String Decode(String inStr,BigInteger PrimeP,BigInteger PrimeQ, BigInteger n,int nLen,int m,JTextField e) 方法名称:解密算法。 参数说明: inStr是从界面输入的明文。 PrimeP和PrimeQ是由GetPrime方法产生的两个大素数。 n是由PrimeP和PrimeQ得到的值。 nLen为n的长度。 e为私钥。 4、源程序:(文件) import .*; import import .*; import .*; import .*; import .*; public class RSA1{ public static void main(String[] args) { MyFrame frame = new MyFrame(); MyPanel_fbutton panel_fbutton = new MyPanel_fbutton(frame,,,,; FlowLayout fl = new FlowLayout ,0,0); (fl); (panel_fbutton); ( 150, 100, 500, 480 ); ; (true); } } class MyFrame extends JFrame { public MyFrame() { setTitle("RSA算法"); add(wel); MyPanel_p panel_p = new MyPanel_p(P); add(panel_p); MyPanel_q panel_q = new MyPanel_q(Q); add(panel_q); MyPanel_d panel_d = new MyPanel_d(d); add(panel_d); MyPanel_e panel_e = new MyPanel_e(e); add(panel_e); MyPanel_in panel_in = new MyPanel_in(input); add(panel_in); MyPanel_out panel_out = new MyPanel_out(output); add(panel_out); MyPanel_out1 panel_out1 = new MyPanel_out1(output1); add(panel_out1); MyPanel_button panel_button = new MyPanel_button(P,Q,d,e,input,output,output1); add(panel_button); } private JLabel wel = new JLabel(" RSA算法演示"); protected JTextField P = new JTextField(35); protected JTextField Q = new JTextField(35); protected JTextField d = new JTextField(35); protected JTextField e = new JTextField(35); protected JTextArea input = new JTextArea(4,35); protected JTextArea output = new JTextArea(4,35); protected JTextArea output1 = new JTextArea(4,35); } class MyPanel_fbutton extends JPanel { public MyPanel_fbutton(Frame aframe,JTextField aP, JTextField aQ, JTextField ad, JTextField ae) { frame = aframe; P = aP; Q = aQ; e = ae; d = ad; } private Frame frame; private JTextField P; private JTextField Q; private JTextField d; private JTextField e; } class MyPanel_p extends JPanel { public MyPanel_p(JTextField aP) { P=aP; add(new JLabel(" 质数P:")); add(P); } private JTextField P; } class MyPanel_q extends JPanel { public MyPanel_q(JTextField aQ) { Q=aQ; add(new JLabel(" 质数Q:")); add(Q); } private JTextField Q; } class MyPanel_d extends JPanel { public MyPanel_d(JTextField ad) { d=ad; add(new JLabel(" 公钥:")); add(d); } private JTextField d; } class MyPanel_e extends JPanel { public MyPanel_e(JTextField ae) { e=ae; add(new JLabel(" 私钥:")); add(e); } private JTextField e; } class MyPanel_in extends JPanel { public MyPanel_in(JTextArea ainput) { input = ainput; add(new JLabel(" 输入明文:")); JScrollPane jsp1 = new JScrollPane (input,v,h); add(jsp1); } private JTextArea input; int v=; int h=; } class MyPanel_out extends JPanel { public MyPanel_out(JTextArea aoutput) { output = aoutput; add(new JLabel(" 生成的密文:")); JScrollPane jsp = new JScrollPane (output,v,h); add(jsp); } private JTextArea output; int v=; int h=; } class MyPanel_out1 extends JPanel { public MyPanel_out1(JTextArea aoutput1) { output1 = aoutput1; add(new JLabel("解密后的明文:")); JScrollPane jsp = new JScrollPane (output1,v,h); add(jsp); } private JTextArea output1; int v=; int h=; } class MyPanel_button extends JPanel { public MyPanel_button(JTextField aP,JTextField aQ,JTextField ad,JTextField ae, JTextArea ainput,JTextArea aoutput,JTextArea aoutput1) { P = aP; Q = aQ; e = ae; d = ad; input = ainput ; output = aoutput ; output1 = aoutput1 ; (new RandListener( P, Q )); add(randProduce); (new RandDListener( P, Q, d, e )); add(randD); (new EncodeListener( P, Q, d, e, input, output )); add(encode); (new DecodeListener( P, Q, d, e, output, output1 )); add(decode); } private JTextField P; private JTextField Q; private JTextField d; private JTextField e; private JTextArea input; private JTextArea output; private JTextArea output1; private JButton randProduce = new JButton("生成质数P和Q"); private JButton randD = new JButton("生成公钥和私钥"); private JButton encode = new JButton("加密"); private JButton decode = new JButton("解密"); } class FileEncodeListener implements ActionListener { public FileEncodeListener(Frame f,JTextField ap, JTextField aq,JTextField ae,JTextField ad) { P = ap; Q = aq; E = ae; D = ad; fr = f; } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ee) { FileDialog fd = new FileDialog(fr); (true); String infileName =()+(); String inStr = new String(); inStr = (infileName); BigInteger PrimeP = new BigInteger()); BigInteger PrimeQ = new BigInteger()); BigInteger n =(PrimeQ); int nLen = (); int m=(int)((double)(nLen)/); nLen = (nLen-1) / 16; String outStr = new String(); outStr = (inStr,PrimeP,PrimeQ,n,nLen,m,D); for(i=()-1;i>=0;--i) { if(i)=='.') break; } String outfileName = (0,i); outfileName = outfileName + new String(".EncodeRsa") + (i,()); (outfileName,outStr); } private JTextField P; private JTextField Q; private JTextField E; private JTextField D; private Frame fr; int i; } class FileDecodeListener implements ActionListener { public FileDecodeListener(Frame f,JTextField ap, JTextField aq,JTextField ae,JTextField ad) { P = ap; Q = aq; D = ad; fr = f; } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ee) { FileDialog fd = new FileDialog(fr); (true); String infileName =()+(); String inStr = new String(); inStr = (infileName); BigInteger PrimeP = new BigInteger()); BigInteger PrimeQ = new BigInteger()); BigInteger n =(PrimeQ); int nLen = (); int m=(int)((double)(nLen)/); nLen = (nLen-1) / 16; String outStr = new String(); outStr = (inStr,PrimeP,PrimeQ,n,nLen,m,E); for(i=()-1;i>=0;--i) { if(i)=='.') break; } String outfileName = (0,i); outfileName = outfileName + new String(".DecodeRsa") + (i,()); (outfileName,outStr); } private JTextField P; private JTextField Q; private JTextField E; private JTextField D; private Frame fr; int i; } class RandListener implements ActionListener { public RandListener(JTextField aP, JTextField aQ) { P = aP; Q = aQ; } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { ( Q ); } private JTextField P; private JTextField Q; } class RandDListener implements ActionListener { public RandDListener(JTextField aP, JTextField aQ, JTextField ad, JTextField ae) { P = aP; Q = aQ; d = ad; e = ae; } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ee) { BigInteger PP = new BigInteger()); BigInteger QQ = new BigInteger()); BigInteger temp = (new BigInteger("1"))).multiply(new BigInteger("1"))); BigInteger temp1; do { temp1=new BigInteger(100, new Random()).mod(temp); } while(temp1)==false); ()); (temp1, temp).toString()); } private JTextField P; private JTextField Q; private JTextField d; private JTextField e; } class EncodeListener implements ActionListener { public EncodeListener(JTextField aP, JTextField aQ, JTextField ad, JTextField ae, JTextArea in, JTextArea out) { P = aP; Q = aQ; d = ad; e = ae; input = in; output = out; } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ee) { BigInteger PrimeP = new BigInteger()); BigInteger PrimeQ = new BigInteger()); BigInteger n =(PrimeQ); int nLen = (); int m=(int)((double)(nLen)/); nLen = (nLen-1) / 16; String inStr = (); (inStr,PrimeP,PrimeQ,n,nLen,m,e)); } private JTextField P; private JTextField Q; private JTextField d; private JTextField e; private JTextArea input; private JTextArea output; } class DecodeListener implements ActionListener { public DecodeListener(JTextField aP, JTextField aQ, JTextField ad, JTextField ae, JTextArea out, JTextArea out1) { P = aP; Q = aQ; d = ad; e = ae; output = out; output1 = out1; } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ee) { BigInteger PrimeP = new BigInteger()); BigInteger PrimeQ = new BigInteger()); BigInteger n =(PrimeQ); int nLen = (); int m=(int)((double)(nLen)/); nLen = (nLen-1) / 16; String inStr = (); (inStr,PrimeP,PrimeQ,n,nLen,m,d)); } private JTextField P; private JTextField Q; private JTextField d; private JTextField e; private JTextArea output; private JTextArea output1; } class PublicMethod { public static void GetPrime( JTextField prime ) { BigInteger num = new BigInteger("0"); Random rand = new Random(); do { int length = (int)()*20+100); num = new BigInteger( length, 5 , rand ); ()); } while(MillerRobin(num)==false); } public static boolean MillerRobin(BigInteger num) { int time = 1000; BigInteger mod = (new BigInteger("2")); if(new BigInteger("0"))) { return false; } int s = 0, j=0; BigInteger t=(new BigInteger("1")); while( (new BigInteger("2")).equals("0") ) { (new BigInteger("2")); ++s; } for(int i=0; i