北师版模块三 unit 8 语法练习(静态动词和动态动词,时态)

静态动词（State Verb）和动态动词（Activity Verb）。

Wild animals have returned to northern Siberia（西伯利亚）. So have some other animals that once ①shared this icy land.

Russian scientist Sergey Zimov is ②reintroducing these animals to the land to demonstrate his theory that filling the emptiness of Siberia with grass-eating animals can slow global warming. He ③is trying to recreate an ecosystem that ④disappeared 10,000 years ago with the end of the ice age. He ⑤believes these animals will return the tundra(冻土地带) into grasslands.

“This is very interesting experiment,” said Adrian Lister, a British environmentalist “I ⑥think it’s right from an ecological point of view to put back animals that did formerly live there.”

静态动词（State Verb）和动态动词（Activity Verb）。

动词根据其词义可分为动态动词（activity verb）与静态动词（state verb）。其中动作动词强调主语在做的动作，而状态动词强调主语所处的状态，状态动词通常不用于进行时态。

动作动词练习:

1.Tom ____________ in the library every night over the last three month. (2011北京卷)

A. works

B. worked

C. have been working

D. had been working

2. When I got on the bus, I ___________ I had left my wallet at home. (2011山东卷)

A. was realizing

B. realized

C. have realized

D. would realize

用法小结：

1）动态动词

a) 表示人或物的活动、动作或行为的动词，称为活动性动词，如live, drink, eat, ask, say, call, talk，laugh, smile, read, write，study, learn, play, work, help, walk, run, fly, rain, snow等，可以用于进行时态。

b) 表示人或物在数量、质量、程度、体积、外观、颜色、方向、速度、力量等特征方面的变化、发展、增大或减少的过程的动词称为过程性动词，可用于进行时态说明延续的过程。如: grow, age, improve, increase, reduce, change, turn, become, develop, decrease, widen, deepen, shorten, lengthen, weaken 等。

c) 有些动作从开始发生到结束或终止几乎同时或在极短的时间里就完成了，这样的动词称为瞬间动词，或短暂动词，如：close, open, leave, arrive, reach, buy, lend, borrow, receive, accept, die, join, realize, hear, see, jump, knock等。这类动词通常不用于进行时态，也不可以在完成时中与一段时间连用。但是reach, come, leave可以用进行时态表示将来。

状态动词练习:

1.The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building __________

now.

A. remains

B. is remained

C. is remaining

D. has been remained

用法小结

状态动词表示相对静止的动词，不用于进行时态。

a) 表示内心活动的动词，如want，know，think，believe，forget，remember，understand，expect，consider，hope，imagine，mean，mind，notice，prefer，suggest，suppose，wish等。

b) 表示情感的动词，如hate，like，love，regret，care，envy，fear，等。

c) 表示存在、感觉或知觉的动词，如be, look, seem, appear, prove, feel，smell，taste，ache，hurt，see，hear，等。

d) 表示各种关系的动词，如be，belong，compare，concern，contain，cost，deserve，differ，equal，exist，have，hold，interest，involve，fit，lack，matter，measure，owe，own，possess，resemble，weigh等。

静态动词与动态动词之间有时是相通的。有些静态动词亦可用作动态动词。如：

（1）He is having dinner. 他正在吃晚饭。He has lots of money.

（2）He felt in his pocket for some money. 他在口袋里摸找钱。

综合练习

1．He _______ (have) a new car and a boat.

2. We arrive at six o’clock in the evening when the Greens ________ (have) their supper.

3. He must be ill for he ________ (feel) cold over there in such warm weather.

4. They were all against my idea but I _________ (feel) that it was the right thing.

5. Look! The judges __________ （taste）the dishes to see which is the best.

6. Carter’s mother made a lot of dishes that _________ (taste) very delicious.

7. Although she is over 40 years old, she still _________ (look) pretty young.

8. The bear was caught when it __________ (look) for food in the forest.