2019年中石油职称英语考试真题及答案详解
2019中石油职称英语考试历年单选汇总2016-2018年
2016年21. I could see from his face that he _____ bad news.A. had receivedB. receivesC. receivedD. has received22. The peasants【农民】 __ their land.A. deprivedB. were deprivedC. deprived ofD. were deprived of丧失23. He failed his exam, __ proved that he wasn't working hard enough. 非限制性定语A. whatB. whichC. thisD. of which24.So frightened __ in darkness that she did not dare to move an inch. 倒装句A. was the girlB. the girl wasC. such a girl wasD. that the girl was25. An Olympic Marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximately_____ from Marathon to Athens. 同位语A. the distanceB. distanceC. the distance isD. is the distance翻译：奥林匹克马拉松赛跑为26英里，385码.大约为马拉松到雅典的距离26. All flights __ because of the heavy storm, we decided totake the train. 完成被动的非谓语动词形式A. having canceledB. being canceledC. having been canceledD. canceled27. He preferred not to _____ with that group.prefer to doidentity oneself with 与…打成一片A. identifyingB. identify himselfC. identifyD. being identified himself28. He speaks English, but not __ his sister does.A. as good asB. as well likeC. so well asD. like well as29. My grandma noticed that the girl __ a short-sleeved dress, so she gave the girl a new sweater.A. was wornB. was wearingC. wearsD. wearing30. Though _____ in New York, Peter had always preferred to record【记录】 the plain【平常的，简单的】 facts【事实，真相】of small town life.非谓语动词A. raised抚养B. was raisedC. raisingD. raises31. She walked softly __ make any noise.A. as toB. not toC. not so as toD. so as not to：为了32. It's no use _____ me. I don't know more than you do.A. in askingB. askingC. for me to askD. you ask33. We've bought a new house. We'll move in soon and we need to buy __furniture.A. some otherB. anotherC. otherD. others34. Please have your doctor __ that prescription.【药方】A. signedB. to sign have sb do sthC. signingD. sign35. A biologist【生物学家】 does not merely【仅仅】 describe 【描述】 organisms【有机物】, but tries to learn __ act as they do.A. what to cause themB. what cause to themC. what causes them toD. causes them to what36. "Has he come back? .... Yes, he __ back for three days.A. has comeB. had comeC. isD. has been37. Ecology, _____ the relationships between organisms and their environments, is also important in petroleum geology.【32课】同位语A. the study ofB. it studyC. that studyD. studying 翻译：生态学，即研究生物与其环境之间关系的科学，在石油地质中也很重要。
2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(2)
2019 年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(2) English is a Crazy Language 英语是一门疯狂的语言1. Let's face it-English is a crazy language .There is no egg in eggplant nor ham in hamburger; neither apple nor pine in pineapple. English muffins weren't invented in England nor French fries in France. Sweetmeats are candies while sweetbreads,which aren't sweet,are meat.翻译：让我们接受现实吧-- 英语是一种疯狂的语言。
茄子（eggplant ，字面意为鸡蛋植物）里并没有鸡蛋，汉堡包（hamburger ，字面意为火腿夹饼）里也没有火腿。
同样，菠萝（pineapple ，字面意为松树苹果）里既没有松树也没有苹果。
松饼（English muffin ，字面意为英式松饼）并不是英国人发明的，而炸薯条（French fries ，字面意为法式油炸食品）也不是法国人的发明。
“甜肉” （sweetmeat）指的是蜜饯，而“甜面包” （sweetbrea d）不是甜的，它指的是牛杂碎。
2. We take English for granted. But if we explore its paradoxes,we find that quicksand can work slowly,boxing rings are square and a guinea pig is neither from Guinea nor is it a pig. And why it is that writers write but fingers don't fing,grocers don't groce and hammers don't ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth,why isn't the plural of booth beeth? If you have one goose,two geese,why not one moose,two meese,or one index,two indices?翻译：我们理所当然地接受了英语的一切，但是如果我们分析一下英语中似是而非的情况，我们马上就会发现“快的沙子” （quicksand ，流沙，也指陷阱，困境）往往走得很慢，“拳击的圆圈” （boxing rings ，拳击场）是方的，“几内亚猪” （guinea pig ，天竺鼠）既不是来自几内亚，也不是猪。
中石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案
I. Vocabulary(20 points)1.Within days he became paralyzed, and people feared that he might die. But he _________.a. absorbedb. dissolvedc. discoveredd. recovered2. Tilden, the other presidential ______, actually received more votes.a. advocateb. candidatec. sponsord. opponent3. An Olympic runner wins a _______.a. medalb. modelc. modled. modest4. To find out how the bees managed to tell time, an unusual experiment was _______ four years ago.a. carried onb. carried awayc. carried outd. carried out5. Every society has its own peculiar custom and _____ of acting.a. waysb. behaviorc. attituded. means6. They ______ their knowledge in the exploding world of ideas.a. modernizeb. supplyc. updated. upgrade7. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and ______ in a quiet neighborhood.a. all in allb. above allc. after all d over all8. It’s difficult to divine what constitutes an ______ tip in any country.a. appropriateb. thoughtfulc. considerabled. sufficient9. Shipbuilders would not _____ their money unless they knew that they could make a profit.a. investb. invent d. involve d. invite10. At the end of four years, these six extra hours of each year ____ twenty-four hours, or one full day.a. add up tob. make up forc. come up withd. put up with11. Don’t ______ this news to the public until we give you the go-head.a. releaseb. relievec. related. retain12. Earth is one of nine planets which ______ around the sun.a. spinb. rollc. rotated. revolve13. “No sense in you getting us both killed!” I yelled _____ him.a. atb. withc. tod. out14. What you have done is ______ doctor’s orders.a. attached tob. responsible toc. resistant tod. contrary to15. I want to express the _____ of all of us, for this wonderfully warm welcome.a. appreciationb. enjoyment d. evaluation d. reputation16. We hire and ______ people mainly for their ability to do business.a. proceedb. progressc. promised. promote17. According to government mandate in the Lion City, tipping is not ______.a. admittedb. remittedc. permittedd. emitted18. The environmental costs were regarded more as temporary inconveniences than as _____ liability.a. imaginativeb. peculiarc. persistentd. original19. Scientists predict that the world’s known oil resources will _____ early in the next century.a. run offb. run outc. run upd. run over20. Now a person works for a certain amount of money _____ he can pay for food and clothing.a. in caseb. so thatc. as tod. such asII. Grammar (20 points)21. The basic rock material is referred to ______.a. as the matrixb. be the matrixc. by scientist to be the matrixd. as being the matrix22. The oil industry of India ______ two World Wars and withstood the economic, social andpolitical upheavals of a particularly troubled century.a. survivedb. has survivedc. was survived tod. has been surviving23. Although baleen whale may weigh ______ twenty elephants, it feeds on sea plants andanimals.a. so much tob. as much toc. so much asd. as much as24. Man uses the energy for everything from flying to the moon to ______ about it.a. thinkb. thoughtc. thinkingd. will think25. _______ his arms over his head, Lincoln declared he was the “big buck of the lick.”a. Waveb. Wavingc. Wavedd. Been waved26. ______ retire are still able to receive pension that they have paid into the social security systemduring their working days.a. Most peopleb. since most peoplec. Most people ared. Most people who27. The reward was not always given to everyone, nor _____ to those who deserved it most.a. it was not givenb. was givenc. it was not given nord. was not it given28. Between 1890 and 1970 the monetary costs of supplying energy _____ more or less constantor declined.a. to stayb. was stayedc. stayedd. has stayed29. The water ________ Manhattan has been very important to New York.a. surroundb. is surroundedc. surroundingd. surrounded30. The assumption _____ human cloning rests is that all genetic cells contain exact copies of theoriginal set o9f genetic instructions.a. on whichb. on thatc. at whichd. which31. For the creatures to become oil, it was necessary that they ______ between layers of rock foran enormous length of time.a. been imprisonedb. shall be imprisonc. should be imprisond. will be imprisoned32. The gas-oil contact or gas-water contact_____ the lower limit of producible gas.a. isb. arec. wered. has been33. There is also an interest in sea horse, puffers and other salty types with shapes ____ and colors____ than even the showiest of fresh-water fish.a. more strange…more brightb. stranger…. brighterc. stranger… more brighterd. more strange…brighter34. _______ was a planted sapling of the American redwood tree.a. There is one of the giftsb. One of the gifts thatc. That one of the giftsd. One of thegifts35. An air ship _______ by energy from the sun has been suggested.a. poweringb. to powerc. is poweredd. powered36. Most scientists agree _______ was hot for at least a time.a. some of the moon thatb. some of the moon itc. that some of the moond. while some of the moon37. A group of scientists demanded that the federal government ____ all the studies it has founded on cloning.a. revealb. revealedc. is revealingd. must reveal38. _______ hearing is really produced in all animals by the effect of pressure is not definitely known by scientists.a. If or notb. Whether or notc. have never heard ofd. had never heard of39. It was something we ________.a. never hear ofb. have never heard ofc. never heard ofd. had never heard of40. “Could I borrow your bike?”“Yes, you_________”.a. canb. couldc. mayd. wouldIII. Reading comprehension (30 points)Question 41-44Saudi Arabia, OPEC’s cautious giant, understands all this. When Bill Clinton met Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Abdullah this week, Mr. Clinton argued for an output rise big eno ugh to put an end to these painful prices. Prince Abdullah has promised to “make every effort to ensure equilibrium in the oil markets and to stabilise prices.” This week he revealed that Saudi Arabia has been quietly leaking an extra 600,000 barrels per day (bpd) on to the market since July in an effort to cool prices..If that is true, it just goes to show that managing the oil markets is easier said than done. Despite several Saudi-inspired output increases by the cartel in recent months, the price has remained stubbornly high; this week, it soared to nearly $35 a barrel, the highest since theGulf war in 1990. As the cartel’s oil ministers gather in Vienna on September 10th to hammer out new production quotas, they are once again under intense pressure to release more oil, and fast.To hear OPEC members talk, you might think that serious price relief is on the way. There is discussion of “managing” prices down through a newish price mechanism. At the cartel’s meeting in March, ministers quietly agreed a grand new plan to keep oil within a target band of $22-28 a barrel. If the price of a basket of seven OPEC crudes stays below $22 for 20 trading days, the cartel is supposed to cut production by 500,000 barrels a 0ay. If it stays above $28 for 20 trading days, it will automatically raise production by the same amount. This price band has become the main topic of discussion in advance of the upcoming gathering of ministers. Prince Abdullah even talks of a return to a stable market within months.Oil traders and analysts note that the 20-day limit looks likely to be triggered again this week.A new report by Lehman Brothers, an investment bank, echoes the view of many: “Our expectation is that production will be increased by 500,000 bpd, either through the price mechanism or through a separate agreement.” When it released new figures suggesting that domestic oil-stock levels are lower than previously thought, the American government’s Energy Information Administration added that it too expects an increase of that size. Adding support to this theory are mumblings from OPEC delegates in support of the mechanism.Two decades ago, in the year of the cartel’s 20th birthday celeb rations, ministers gathered in Indonesia to hammer out details of a clever new scheme: a mechanism whereby the price of oil would be fixed, and adjusted every quarter automatically for such factors as inflation and currency fluctuations. Members had agreed on the ambitious plan, except for one crucial detail: at what price to start this price-peg crawling. The cautious Saudis, the self-proclaimed guardians of the oil market, wanted a price below $30 a barrel; the hawks in the cartel, unconcerned about consumers’ pain, demanded a much higher price. The ensuing bickering ensured that the scheme collapsed.History may now be repeating itself. When the current price-stabilization scheme was first unveiled, punters with short memories placed big bets that the cartel would adhere to it. By mid-June, the price basket had sailed past the 20-day upper trigger. But OPEC did not “automatically” release 500,000 barrels. Various confused and contradictory explanations surfaced from ministers, but not the oil. Only at their next officially scheduled meeting did they come upwith a meager quota increase.41. The passage confirms thata. high oil prices can be controlled if OPEC increase oil output.b. Bill Clinton accomplished his mission for the visit to Prince Abdullah.c. Abdullah made all his efforts to control oil price without considering the benefits of his own country.d. managing the oil market is easier said than done.42. How many oil price schemes were recommended by OPEC ministers according to the passage?a. Oneb. Twoc. Threed. Four43. What’s the author’s opinion about Saudi Arabia?a. Saudi Arabia is the largest country among the members of OPEC.b. Saudi Arabia is the most active country in OPEC to control oil prices for the benefit of the rest of the world.c. Saudi Arabia is the guardian of the world oil market.d. Saudi Arabia seems to have strong intention to control the oil prices to a acceptable level, but ittakes actions very carefully for the consideration of its own benefit.44. What can you infer from the passage?a. OPEC is, in the most cases, not reliable.b. all the members of OPEC have the intention to lower oil prices when the prices get very high.c. The oil prices are fully controlled by the market and OPEC can do nothing with them eventhough they wish tod. In most cases OPEC has been very efficient in managing oil prices.Question 45-48The horse preceded man on earth. Although the earliest remains of primitive horses have been found on the North American continent, many scientist believe this small species traveled over a land mass in the Bering Sea to found the beginnings of the modern horse in Asia. It became extinct in America. Other scientists believe that the horse may have originated in Asia. In any event the animal soon spread into China, Europe, and the Middle East. The first modern horses to be introduced into the American continent came with the early Spanish explorers. Horses were bred into many types. The heavy horses developed in the low countries of Europe and were used for Arabian. The only true wild horses left in the 20th century are found in Mongolia. Horses are said to rate in intelligence after the ape, elephant, and dog. They have excellent memories and can sometimes find their way home when lost, and sense danger better that their masters. The early civilizations of man that had made use of ht horse developed more rapidly than those which did not.45. Some of the characteristics of the horse are _________a. poor memoriesb. great loyaltyc. more intelligent the dogd. in some areas they can surpass the abilities of man46. The horse originated___________a. in the Middle Eastb. in Europec. on the North American continentd. in Spain47. The primary uses of the horse for early man were ___________a. for foodb. for prestigec. to make moneyd. to work for him48. What can be said about the varieties of horses?a. The early horses were larger than the more modern breeds.b. The only true wild horses left in the 20th century are in the Middle East.c. The oldest breed of the modern horse is said to be the Arabian.d. Medieval knights preferred fast, active horses.Questions 49-52Recent intrusions into the lives of public figures have highlighted the lack of laws guarding privacy in Britain. As a result, one issue under discussion as Parliament returns this week is the possible introduction of legislation to curb press powers.The government will probably take no action until it receives a report from a committee chaired by Sir David Calcutt, due in January 1993. the committee is examining whether the press should be regulated by tougher legislation. It is also considering the ways in which the press has invaded the private lives of the famous.The Calcutt committee has reported once before, in 1990. it recommendations led to the creation of the Press Complaints Commission, under which the press was given the chance to regulate itself without the need for a privacy law. It also proposed a new criminal offence of physical intrusion to obtain information for publication.This proposal, which was not acted upon, would have made it unlawful to photograph people on private property to record their conversations without permission. It would have made it an offence to enter a property to place a bug or obtain personal information.The committee said that the press should be allowed to invade the privacy of a public figure only when it was likely to expose or prevent criminal activity, otherwise his or privacy should be left alone. But a general law protecting privacy was rejected.Since then, reports in some newspapers and magazines about people’s private lives have ignored the committee’s recommendations. The private lives of Government Ministers and members of the Royal Family have featured prominently in the press. Photographs of the Duchess of York Sunbathing in France, for example, have been widely published.Some sections of the media justify their intrusion by saying it is in the public interest. In a democracy, they argue, the public has a right to know what people in positions of power are doing. Politicians and others are accountable for their lives. Privacy laws, these critics say, would protect the privileged.Additionally, many politicians use their private lives to gain popular support, for example by parading their families before cameras to emphasized “traditional value”. Hence, some editors say they are justified in prying into private lives to uncover any faults.Likewise, the Royal Family is supported from public funds, and therefore it is argued that its members should lead responsible private lives.49. Which of the following occurred recently in Britain?a. a report from a committee chaired by Sir David Calcutt. B. Intrusion into the lives of public figuresc. Introduction of legislation to cub press powerd. The Government’s action to protect privacy.50. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?a. The press has more freedom to publish privacy of the famous after the foundation of the PressComplaints Commission.b. To photograph public figures on public property is legal.c. A privacy law is unnecessary since the press has the ability to regulate itself.d. The Press Complaints Commission was formed out of the press and thus did something in favorof the press51. What kind of people are likely to appreciate the invasion of their private life?a. The members of Calcutt committeeb. royal familyc. pop starsd. somegovernment leaders52. Which is a lawful purpose for intrusion into privacy?a. To disclose criminal activityb. To be in agreement with Privacy Lawc. To gain popular supportd. To protect the privilegedQuestions 53-56When did sport begin? If sport is, in essence, play, the claim might be made that sprot is much older than humankind for, as we all have observed, the beasts play. Dogs and cats wrestle and play ball games. Fished and birds dance. The apes have simple, pleasurable games. Frolicking infants, school children playing tag, and adult arm wrestlers are demonstrating strong, trans-generational and trans-species bonds with the universe of animals past present and future. Young animals, particularly, tumble, chase, run wrestle, mock, imitate, and laugh( or so it seems) to the point of delighted exhaust. Their play, and ours, appears to serve no other purpose than to give pleasure to the players, and apparently to remove us temporarily form the anguish of life in earnest.Some philosophers have claimed that our playfulness is the most noble part of our basic nature. In their generous conception, play harmlessly and experimentally permits us to put our creative forces, fantasy, and imagination into action. Play is release form the tedious battles against scarcity and decline which are the incessant, and inevitable, tragedies of life. This is a grand conception that excites and provokes. The holders of this view claim that origins of our highest accomplishments-liturgy, literature and law-can be traced to play a impulse which, paradoxically, we see most purely enjoyed by young beasts and children. Our sports, in this rather happy, non-fatalistic view of human nature, are more splendid creations of the non-datable, trans-species play impulse.53. The best title for the passage is _________a. Games for Animalsb. The Origins and Meaning of Playc. A Playful View of Modern Philosophyd. The Role of Sport in Child Development54. It seems to the author that young animals play in order to ________a. gain pleasureb. learn specific behavior patternsc. delight their ownersd. exercise their growing muscles55. One may infer from the passage that play is important to adults because it helps them_____a. understand their childrenb. interact more with animals and naturec. channel their creativityd. improve their physical strength56. The word “noble” could best be replace by which of the following?a. snobbishb. wealthyc. royald. admirableQuestion 57-60To ensure similarity in scientific investigation or monitoring, nationally and internationally agreed standards are being introduced. Several systems of documenting experimental methods and procedures are in use today and are becoming increasingly important for indicating data quality and verifying the integrity of studies. One such approach is Good Laboratory Practice which was introduced in 1982 by the Health and Safety Executive to monitor the testing of industrial chemicals. Since 1982 the range of laboratories inspected has been extended to include those working with pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, cosmetics and food additives. Good Laboratory Practice is concerned with the way. laboratory or field studies are planned, monitored, recorded and reported and the conditions under which this occurs. Following the principles of GLP ensures that the studies are properly planned, can be adequately carried out and are fully and accurately reported. As pan ofthe planning, execution and reporting of a study, the various processes carried out are carefully documented as Standard Operating Procedures.The value of long-term observation of environmental factors has only been recognized relatively recently although some monitoring of the environmental factors have been in existence for over a century. The best known long-term study is probably the Broadbalk Experiment at Rothamsted. Broadbalk and the other long-term experiments at Rothamsted and elsewhere are now proving to be extremely valuable by answering questions not considered, nor even conceived, when they were originally set up. Even so they are limited in geographic scope and by the fact that they are confined to one land use category. Current environmental and ecological monitoring networks, while not limited geographically, have in the main been set up to measure just one aspect of the environment. In contrast, the Environmental Change Network (ECN) was set up to give added value to long-term monitoring and data collection by providing a network of sites in different parts of the U.K. and under a variety of land use conditions where comparable long-term data on a wide variety of environmental variables could be recorded.The idea of a network such as ECN was first considered in the mid 1970s but the concept did not reach fruition until 1992. The selection of the initial network of terrestrial sites was based on a range of criteria. One of the most important requirements, given the intended long-term nature of the project, was financial security although consistent quality of research was also required. The project intended that other sites representing more variable climate zones and land use will eventually join the network as funding becomes available.The monitoring carded out at each ECN site covers a range of physical, chemical and biological measurements. Where possible procedures and measurements used by existing national monitoring schemes are employed so that ECN provides an integrating function for the more extensive sectorial networks. Environmental changes due to factors such as climate change are likely to be difficult to identify against the background noise arising from the numerous sources, both natural and man-made, of environmental variability. It is desirable, therefore, to minimize any additional variation due to operator involvement. To this end, and to ensure consistency and repeatability, protocols for each of the key measurements were produced.57. How many experiment(s) was (were) conducted on the monitoring of the environmental factors?a. Unknownb. Twoc. threed. one58. What does the underlined word mean in “One such approach is Good Laboratory Practice which was introduced in 1982 by the Health and Safety Executive to monitor the testing of industrial chemicals?”a. Performanceb. Standardc. Experimentd. Repetition59. Which is the correct description of “ Environment Change Network?”a. It is a network which is expected to provide environmental and ecological data representingmore geographical areasb. It is a current environmental and ecological network to measure only one aspect of theenvironmentc. Environmental Change Network remained functioning until 1992.d. Environmental Change Network was wet up to make long-term monitoring of environmentmore costly60. The passage implies, though it does not explicitly state, that _______ is ( are) the mostpromising approach to the long-term monitoring of environmental factors.a. Broasbalk Experimentb. Good Laboratory Practicec. Environmental Change Networkd. Standard Operating ProceduresCloze (10 points)Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They ______ that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the _______ man. But they insisted that its ______ results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the _______of the English population. _______ contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650-1750, when England was still a _______ agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.This view, _____ , is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists _______ history and economics, have ______ two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was _______ by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace (平民).61. a. admitted b. believed c. claimed d. predicted62 a. plain b. average c. mean d. normal63. momentary b. prompt c. instant d. immediate64. bulk b. host c. gross d. magnitude65. In b. With c. For d. By66. a. broadly b. thoroughly c. generally d. completely67. a. however b. meanwhile c. therefore d. moreover68. a. at b. in c. about d. for69. a. manifested b. approved c. shown d. speculated70. a. noted b. impressed c. labeled d. markedTranslation (20 points)The chemical industry depends very heavily on petroleum and natural gas as sources of raw materials. It is likely that in excess of 80% of the literally thousands of different basic organic chemicals employed today are derived from these sources.The petrochemical industry has grown with the petroleum industry. As is the case with the latest trends in changing crude oil types, it must also evolve to meet changing technological and humanitarian needs.The manufacture of chemicals from petroleum and natural gas constituents is an excellent example of the conversion of such materials to more valuable products. The individual chemicals made from petroleum and natural gas numerous and include industrial chemicals, household chemicals and paints, as well as intermediates for the manufacture of products, such as synthetic rubber and plastics.The processing of petroleum hydrocarbon to yield materials that are, essentially, the building blocks of other chemicals industries, is now very extensive.The classification of materials such as petrochemicals is used to indicate the source of the chemical compounds, but it should be remembered that many common petrochemicals can be made form other sources, and the terminology is therefore a matter of source identification., Petrochemicals are generally chemical compounds derived from petroleum either by direct manufacture or by indirect manufacture as by-products from the variety of processes that are used during the refining of petroleum. Gasoline, fuel oils, lubricating oils, waxes, asphalts, and the like are excluded from the definition of petrochemicals, since they are not, in the true sense, chemical compounds but are in fact intimate mixtures of hydrocarbons.B级The chemical industry depends very heavily on petroleum and natural gas as sources of raw materials. It is likely that in excess of 80% of the literally thousands of different basic organic chemicals employed today are derived from these sources.The petrochemical industry has grown with the petroleum industry. As is the case with the latest trends in changing crude oil types, it must also evolve to meet changing technological and humanitarian needs.The manufacture of chemicals from petroleum and natural gas constituents is an excellent example of the conversion of such materials to more valuable products. The individual chemicals made from petroleum and natural gas numerous and include industrial chemicals, household chemicals and paints, as well as intermediates for the manufacture of products, such as synthetic rubber and plastics.The processing of petroleum hydrocarbon to yield materials that are, essentially, the building blocks of other chemicals industries, is now very extensive.解析：I. Vocabulary(20 points)1. a. absorbed (吸收) b. dissolved （分解） c. discovered 发现 d. recovered 恢复（健康）2. a. advocate 鼓吹者 b. candidate候选人 c. sponsor 发起者 d. opponent 对手3. a. medal 奖牌 b. model 模特 c. modle （无此词） d. modest 和善的4.a. carried on 继续 b. carried away 得意忘形 c. carried out 执行d. carried over继续下去；使继续下去(2) 把…争取到自己这边来5. a. ways 方式（ways of acting=behavior 行为方式，整个短语等同于behaviour, 因此若用behavior就不能再出现acting，这两个词同义） b. behavior 行为 c. attitude 态度 d. means 手段，方法6. 在信息时代，他们时刻更新知识。
2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(52).doc
2019 年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(52) Sales Promotion 产品促销1. Sales promotion consists of those promotionalactivities other than advertising,personal selling,andpublicity. As such,any promotional activities that do notfall under the other three activities of the promotion mixare considered sales promotion. The trade often uses the termindiscriminately. Businesspersons may use the term“promotion ”when they actually mean “sales promotion. ”Forpurpose here,promotion is a broad term that encompasses salespromotion as well as the other three promotional activities.1、产品促销指的是不同于广告、个人销售和宣传的推销活动。
所以，不属于以上三种推销活动的推销活动都被认为是促销。
实际生活中经常不加区分地使用这个概念。
商务人员在说“推销”时，实际上指的是“促销”。
本文中，推销是一个广义的概念，它包括促销以及其他三种推销活动。
2. The techniques of sales promotion are varied andnumerous. The common ones used arecoupons,sweepstakes,games,contests,price-offs,demonstrations,premiums,samples,and money refund offers.A combination of these can be used and sometimes is used inthe same campaign.2、推销的手段多种多样，数不胜数。
中国石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案
花了一天时间做了一份真题答案，特做几点申明：1、仅为参考答案，由于水平问题，可能与每个人的答案会有出入，见仁见智吧，毕竟官方不给出标准答案。
2、作答依据大部分来源于网上搜索，尽可能地找到原题出处，实在无法找到出处的根据个人理解给出答案。
3、每题后列出了题目出处，并做出简单解析。
前40题错误应该不多，阅读理解部分无法保证全对。
中石油职称英语考试2016年真题及参考答案解析I. VocabularySection ADirections: There are some sentences in this section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries, the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A. unconsciousB. thriveC. severeD.prudent【参考答案】C【释义】harsh adj.残酷的；严酷的；严厉的；恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的；昏迷的；不省人事的；无意识的thrive v.繁荣；茁壮成长；蓬勃发展；兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的；苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的；慎重的；精明的2、I tell my mother about my trials at work and brag about the kids.A. lieB. boastC. secretiveD. feel awkward【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段。
2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(41)
2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(41)The Subject of Smiling微笑问题1.In the spring of this year, a Beijing television channel produced a program called, "Smile." It televised the reaction of people on the street when confronted with a smile from an unknown person, chosen at random. Most people were either surprised or seemed a little worried. A few more enthusiastic people even muttered that the person who smiled was "crazy". The number of people who actually returned the smile could be counted on one hand.1、这个年春天，北京电视台以《微笑》为题作了一档街头调查节目：请一些人在街道上对着遇到的行人微笑，以观察行人的反应。
结果多数人现出惊讶或紧张的表情，更激烈些的则骂一声“神经病”。
回报以微笑的路人屈指可数。
2.It seems Chinese people don't really like to smile and that's the impression they convey to the world.2、中国人不太爱笑，这差不多是个国际印象。
3.What is not understood by outsiders is that smiling in China is a very meaningful and subtle thing. Around 781 BC, there was a monarch called Zhou You Wang, who cared littlefor ruling his country. Instead, he much preferred to chase women. One of his Ministers gave the Emperor a beautiful woman, whom the Emperor really liked, except for the factthat she would never smile. After trying countless different methods to get her to smile, a Minister came up with an idea. He suggested the Emperor light the twenty or so signal fires which were spread around the capital city to warn people whenthe country was in danger of war. The Minister thought the fires would summon the Warlords and Dukes to bring their armies to the capital and, when the woman saw the chaos caused by tricking the armies, she would surely laugh.3、外国人不明白，笑在中国是一件内涵颇深的事情。
2019年职称英语理工类A级真题及答案
2019年职称英语理工类A级真题及答案2019年职称英语理工类A级真题及答案2019年职称英语理工类A级考试真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近选项。
A. unclear B. obvious C. major D. minor2. The sea turtle’s natural habitA greatly B suddenly C generally D slightly A instructing B notifying C pushing D inviting A raise B pose C experience D handle 。
A ignoredB organizedC causedD received6. Jane said that she couldn’t A spend B take C las t D standA energeticB happyC aloneD busy8. Forester stared at his car，A shaking B turning C jumpingD shouting1A reportedB provedC praisedD caught A anxious B sure C sad D afraid11. At that time, we did not fully the significance of what had happened.A giveB attachC loseD understand12. Anderson left the table，A doubting B saying C thinkingD knowing source.A maintainedB recommendedC consideredD acknowledged14. The study also notes a decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A relativeB generalC continuousD sharp A criticizes B simplifies C evaluates D examines第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
中石油职称英语考试试卷暨答案
\I. Vo Q:2409934629Directions:contains the macula itself and it is called "organ of Corti"天然气Natural gas生油层Hydrocarbon generation油气运移Oil and gas migration垂直运移The vertical migration侧向运移Lateral migration储集层reservoir含有层Containing layer圈闭trap盖层cover隔层interlay遮挡Keep out含油面积Oil-bearing area油水边界Oil-water boundary储油面积Storage area工业油气藏Industrial oil and gas reservoirs构造油气藏Structural reservoirs地层油气藏Stratigraphic reservoirs岩性油气藏Lithologic reservoir储油构造Oil storage structure地质构造Geological structure沉积相The sedimentary facies沉积环境Sedimentary environmentwo languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, someEuropean firms have half of more of their employees fluent in a second language.纵向分辨率verticalresolution测井仪器能够分辨出的地层的最小厚度。
电测井仪器通常以纵向积分几何因子为90%时对应的地层厚度作为仪器的纵向分辨率。
冲洗带flushedzone在渗透性地层中，与井壁相邻的地层受到钻井液滤液冲洗。
中石油备考英语试题及答案
中石油备考英语试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The company has decided to ________ the new project.A. go ahead withB. go back toC. go along withD. go through with答案：A2. He ________ the meeting because he had to attend an important interview.A. called offB. called upC. called inD. called for答案：A3. The manager asked her secretary to ________ the documents.A. type outB. type upC. type overD. type in答案：B4. The new policy will ________ a significant impact on the industry.A. haveB. takeC. makeD. bring答案：A5. The project was ________ due to lack of funds.A. put offB. put awayC. put downD. put up答案：A6. The company is ________ to expand its business in the international market.A. looking forwardB. aiming atC. heading forD. aiming to答案：D7. The report ________ the latest findings in the field of renewable energy.A. coversB. includesC. involvesD. contains答案：A8. The team ________ the project successfully within the deadline.B. carried overC. carried onD. carried through答案：D9. The company is ________ a new marketing strategy to increase sales.A. developingB. developing upC. developing onD. developing into答案：A10. The meeting was ________ to discuss the company's future plans.A. called offB. called upC. called in答案：D二、阅读理解题（每题3分，共30分）阅读下面的短文，然后回答11-15题。
2019职称英语综合类B试题及解析(完整版)
2019职称英语综合类B试题及解析（完整版）第1部分词汇选项(第1~15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。
1.Theorganizationwas bold enoughtofacethepress.A.pleasedB.powerfulC.braveD.sensible2.Iwillnot tolerate thatsortofbehaviorinmyclass.A.acceptB.controlC.observeD.regulate3.Irealizedtomy horror thatIhadforgottenthepresent.AlimitB.fearC.powerD.fool4.Mostpeoplefind rejection hardtoaccept.A.excuseB.clientC.destinyD.refusal5.She'sextremelycompetentand industrious.A.hardworkingB.honestC.objectiveD.independent6.Thedoctorsdidnot reveal thetruthtohim.A.hideB.handleC.discloseD.establish7.Hetriedto assemble histhoughts.A.clearB.shareC.gatherD.spare8.Thelawcarriesa penalty ofuptothreeyearsinprison.A.messageB.punishmentC.guiltD.obligation9.Prisonerswerekeptinthemost appalling conditions.A.flexibleB.terribleC.reasonableD.serious10.Theseproductsare inferior tothosewebroughtlastyear.A.poorerthanB.narrowerthanrgerthanD.richerthan11.Thepoliticalsituationintheregionhas deteriorated rapidly.A.improvedB.changedC.worsenedD.developed12.Therewasa simultaneous trialtakingplaceinthenextbuilding.A.coexistingB.fairC.fullD.pubic13.They're petitioning forbetterfacilitiesforthedisabledonpublictra nsport.A.requestingB.planningC.preparingD.looking14.Hesaidsome harsh wordsabouthisbrother.A.unkindB.properC.normalD.unclear15.Wewereattractedbythe lure ofquickmoney.A.amountB.supplyC.sumD.temp第2部分:阅读判断(第16-22题,每题1分,共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请依照短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：假如该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A:假如该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;假如该句的信息问中没有提及，请选择C。
2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(17)
2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(17)Computers Give Big Boosts to Productivity计算机技术极大提升生产效率1.According to a recent study, money spent on computing technology delivers gains in worker productivity that are three to five times those of other investments. Howerver, the study also concluded that the information technology industry itself was unlikely to be a big source of new jobs.1、最近的一项研究表明，投入到计算机技术上的资金转化成的劳动生产率是投入到其他领域中获益的三到五倍。
但同时此次研宄还表明，信息产业本身并不可能提供太多的工作。
2.The 69-page report is a wide-ranging look at the role that information technology plays in the economy, based on an assessment of e xisting research and the authors’ analysis. The study was done by a year-old research organization, the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, whose work is supported by companies like I.B.M.,Cisco Systems and eBay, as well as by the Communications Workers of America and foundation grants. It will be available at2、这份长达69页的报告是基于现有的研宄及作者的分析，广泛探讨了信息技术在经济领域发挥的作用。
2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(16)
2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(16)The American Way： Family 美国人的家庭观1.“Please pass the turkey and dressing.” What doesthis simple request make you think about? If you are an American, you think about Thanksgiving. A turkey dinner symbolizes Thanksgiving for Americans. What does Thanksgiving remind Americans of? Their families. Thanksgiving is a family time. On this holiday, families gather to gobble up thegobbler and stuff themselves with stuffing. Family membersenjoy watching parades and football games on TV and justbeing together. What does “family” mean to America ns?1、“请将火鸡与配料递给我。
”这个简单的请求令你想起什么?如果你是美国人，你会想到感恩节。
对美国人来说，火鸡大餐象征感恩节。
感恩节提醒了美国人哪些事情呢?他们的家人。
感恩节是家人团聚的时间，在这个节日，家人聚在一起对着火鸡以及鸡腹中的调味材料大快朵颐;家人一起享受看*、看足球比赛的电视转播以及同聚的时光。
到底家庭对于美国人的意义是什么?2.The traditional American family is a “nuclear family.”A nuclear family refers to a husband and wife and their children. The average American family today has two or three children (and maybe a few pets). In some cultures, peoplelive close to their extended family. Several generations may even live together. In America, only in a few cases does more than one household live under one roof.2、传统的美国家庭被称为“核心家庭”。
2019中石油职称英语考试历年单选汇总2016-2018年
2016 年21. I could see from his face that he _____ bad news.A. had receivedB. receivesC. receivedD. has received22. The peasants 【农民】__ their land.A. deprivedB. were deprivedC. deprived ofD. were deprived of 丧失23. He failed his exam, __ proved that he wasn't working hard enough. 非限制性定语A. whatB. whichC. thisD. of which24. So frightened __ in darkness that she did not dare to move an inch. 倒装句A. was the girlB. the girl wasC. such a girl wasD. that the girl was25. An Olympic Marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximately_____ from Marathon to Athens. 同位语A. the distanceB. distanceC. the distance isD. is the distance翻译：奥林匹克马拉松赛跑为26 英里，385 码. 大约为马拉松到雅典的距离26. All flights __ because of the heavy storm, we decided totake the train. 完成被动的非谓语动词形式A. having canceledB. being canceledC. having been canceledD. canceled27. He preferred not to _____ with that group.prefer to doidentity oneself with 与⋯打成一片A. identifyingB. identify himselfC. identifyD. being identified himself28. He speaks English, but not __ his sister does.A. as good asB. as well likeC. so well asD. like well as29.My g randma noticed that the girl __ a short-sleeved dress, so she gave the girl a new sweater.A. was wornB.was wearingC. wearsD. wearing30. Though _____ in New York, Peter had always preferred torecord 【记录】the plain 【平常的，简单的】f acts 【事实，真相】of small town life.动词非谓语A. raised 抚养B. was raisedC. raisingD. raises31. She walked softly __ make any noise.A. as toB. not toC. not so as toD. so as not to ：为了32.It's no use _____ me. I don't know more than you do.A. in askingB.askingC. for me to askD. you ask33. We've bought a new house. We'll move in soon and we needto buy __furniture.A. some otherB. anotherC. otherD. others34. Please have your doctor __ that prescription. 【药方】A. signedB. to sign have sb do sthC. signingD.sign35. A biologist 【生物学家】does not merely 【仅仅】describe 【描述】organisms 【有机物】, but tries to learn __ act as they do.A. what to cause themB. what cause to themC. what causes them toD. causes them to what36."Has he come b ack? .... Yes, he __ back for three days.A. has comeB. had comeC. isD. has been37. Ecology, _____ the relationships between organisms andtheir environments, is also important in petroleum geology.【32 课】同位语A. the study ofB. it studyC. that studyD. studying 翻译：生态学，即研究生物与其环境之间关系的科学，在石油地质中也很重要。
中石化职称英语考试试题库
中石化职称英语考试试题库一、阅读理解阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Passage 1As the development of modern transportation accelerates, more and more people become accustomed to taking bus, train, or plane. There seems to spring up with the development of transportation one species of human being that cannot live without the comfort and accessibility of public transportation. This kind of person seeks the convenience of moving smoothly and effortlessly from one place to another. Indeed, the convenience of public transportation has made it the significant element in the lives of some city dwellers.1. According to the passage, what can we learn from people who prefer public transportation?A. They love different kinds of transportation means.B. They care more about comfort and convenience.C. They like driving cars.D. They dislike some methods of travel.2. The passage mainly discusses people who prefer public transportation because they value ________ most.A. reliabilityB. safetyC. comfort and convenienceD. speed3. What can be the best title for this passage?A. Public Transportation and City DwellersB. The Efficient City TransportationC. The Advantages of WalkingD. The Convenience of CyclingAnswer key: 1. B 2. C 3. APassage 2For centuries, humans have been fascinated by the idea of flight. It was not until the early 20th century that the dream of flying like a bird became a reality. The Wright Brothers, Orville and Wilbur, were the first people to achieve sustained, powered, and controlled heavier-than-air flight. Their success marked the beginning of modern aviation.4. What was the dream of flying like a bird?A. An eternal topic in human history.B. A love for birds.C. A curiosity about birds.D. A realistic goal for mankind.5. What do the Wright Brothers have in common?A. They succeeded in the early 20th century.B. They shared the same dream.C. They were the first to achieve sustained flight.D. They were fascinated by the idea of flight.6. The word "aviation" in the passage refers to ________.A. the pioneering work of the Wright BrothersB. the dream of flying like a birdC. the history of flightD. the modern practice of flyingAnswer key: 4. A 5. C 6. D二、词汇与结构从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(44)
2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(44)Fundamental Techniques in Handling People 处理人际关系的基本技巧1.On the morning of April 15,1865,Abraham Lincoln lay dying in a hall bedroom of a cheap lodging house directly across the street from Ford's Theater,where John Wilkes Booth had shot him. Lincoln's long body lay stretched diagonally across a sagging bed that was too short for him. A cheap reproduction of Rosa Bonheur's famous painting The Horse Fair hung above the bed,and a dismal gas jet flickered yellow light.1、1865年4月15日清晨,亚伯拉罕.林肯奄奄一息地躺在福特戏院对面一家廉价客栈的卧房里。
约翰。
威尔克斯。
布斯枪杀了他。
那张下陷的床对身材修长的林肯来说实在太短了。
床的上方，挂着一件罗莎。
邦赫的名画《马市》的廉价仿制品，一盏阴暗的煤气灯发出惨淡的黄晕。
2.As Lincoln lay dying,Secretary of War Stanton said,"There lies the most perfect ruler of men that the world has ever seen."2、当林肯奄奄一息地躺着时，陆军部长斯坦顿说：“躺在这里的，是世界上有史以来最完美的元首。
2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(38)
2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(38)To Be Content with One's Lot乐天知命1.Peter Hessler described two lifestyles and asked his Chinese students to choose the one they preferred, either a very long yet ultimately average and uneventful life, or avery exciting, fan-filled life that only lasted 24 years. Almost all of his 20 something year old students chose thefirst option. This surprised Peter because, from his experience with American youths, he was sure the Americans wouldn't have chosen a long, uneventful life.1、彼得赫斯勒请他的中国学生在以下两种生活方式中选择其一：一种是平庸却长寿，另一种是只能活24年却享乐无比。
那些20岁左右的学生们几乎都选择了第一种生活。
彼得十分惊讶，在他看来美国青年并不会如此一致地选择平庸但长寿的生活。
2.The Chinese traditionally think an uneventful, butlong life is better than a short life fall of fan and adventure. There's even an idiom for the traditional Chinese attitude, "A good death is worse than a lazy life." Thissaying reveals a deeply ingrained sense of optimism and acceptance of fate. It's nothing at all like the Western idea of heroes made through tragedy.2、无聊无趣但天长地久地活下去，好过冒生命之险求得享乐的短命，这似乎是中国传统的价值观。