高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)上课讲义
主谓一致专练讲义- 高三英语复习
主谓一致专练是单一的，或主语名词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一致一般要根据语法一致遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和邻近一致原则。
一、语法一致原则一般来说，语法形式是单数的主语，谓语动词用单数形式；语法形式是复数的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
The number of errors was surprising. 错误之多是惊人的。
They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。
二、意义一致原则主、谓语的一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义。
主语形式虽为单数，但在意义上却为复数，谓语动词应采用复数形式；主语形式虽为复数，但在意义上视为单数，谓语动词应采用单数形式。
The crowd were fighting for their lives. 这些人正为生存而战斗。
Three years in a strange land seems like a long time. 在异乡生活的三年，仿佛是很长的时间。
(一)谓语动词为单数的情况1．由and 连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现。
The worker and writer is from Wuhan. 那个工人兼作家来自武汉。
比较：The worker and the writer are from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家来自北京。
Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. 黄油面包是西方的日常饮食。
2．every...and (every)．..，each...and (each)．.., no...and (no)．.., many a．..and (many a)．..连接两个单数名词作主语。
Every desk and every chair is made of wood. 桌子和椅子都是木头做的。
高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)
高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)
一、主谓一致的基本概念
●定义：主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语动词在数、时态和形式上保持一致。
●功能：确保句子语法正确，意义清晰。
●主谓关系：主语与谓语之间存在逻辑关系，这种关系决定了谓语的形式。
二、主谓一致的主要规则
1.单数主语与谓语的一致
⏹第三人称单数主语使用单数形式的谓语动词。
⏹不可数名词作为主语时，谓语动词使用单数形式。
⏹特殊情况的处理：如“either...or...”结构中，根据就近原则确定谓语的形式。
1.复数主语与谓语的一致
⏹复数主语使用复数形式的谓语动词。
⏹集合名词作为主语时，需要根据具体情况确定谓语的形式。
⏹特殊情况的处理：如“there be”结构中的主谓一致。
1.并列结构中的主谓一致
⏹并列结构中的主语和谓语动词需要保持形式上的平行。
⏹当并列结构中包含不同性质的成分时，需要根据语境和逻辑关系选择适当的谓语形式。
1.从句、不定式、动名词等作为主语时的主谓一致
⏹从句作为主语时，需要根据从句中的谓语动词选择适当的主语形式。
⏹不定式、动名词等非限定性结构作为主语时，谓语动词的形式选择需考虑语境和逻辑关系。
三、实践与练习
●练习题：提供一些练习题，帮助学生更好地理解和掌握主谓一致的规则。
●答案解析：对练习题进行详细的答案解析，帮助学生理解自己的错误，并给出正确的用法建议。
四、总结
对本次讲解的内容进行总结，强调主谓一致在英语语法中的重要性，并提醒学生注意常见的主谓一致错误。
高中英语主谓一致讲解
主谓一致：一．语法一致原则：指主语和谓语在语法形式上必须一致，也就是谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。
1.不可数名词或者可数名词单数作主语，谓语用单数。
可数名词复数作主语，谓语动词用复数。
2.不定代词someone , anyone , everyone , no one ……等作主语，谓语动词用单数.3.当each , either , neither 作主语，或者主语由each, either , neither , every , 修饰时，谓语动词用单数.4.单个的动词不定式，动词ing 主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数.5.由as well as , along with , with , together with , rather than except , besides , in addition to , like , including ,but ……等连接两部分名词或者代词作主语时，谓语动词与这些词前面的主语保持一致。
For example :The teacher as well as the students likes the painting .Tom , along with his friends , goes skating every Saturday .6.many a / more than one + 可数名词单数作主语时，谓语用单数.more + 复数名词+ than one 作主语时，谓语用复数。
Many a / more than one person is against the proposal .7.One of + 可名复后跟定语从句时，从句中的谓语动词通常用单数, the only one of + 可名复后接定语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用复数.He is one of the students who have been to Shanghai .He is the only one of the students who has been to Shanghai .二．意义一致原则指根据意义来判断主谓一致。
(主谓一致)语法ppt课件
感谢您的观看
THANKS
当存在句中有两个或两个以上的主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式应与最近的主语保 持一致。
若存在句中的主语为单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式；若主语为 复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。
定语从句中主谓一致问题
定语从句中的主谓一致问题主要涉及 到关系代词和关系副词的选择以及定 语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式。
02
主语为单数名词时主谓一致 规则
第三人称单数形式
在一般现在时中，当主语是第三 人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三
人称单数形式。
第三人称单数包括he, she, it以 及单个的人名、地名、物名等。
谓语动词的第三人称单数形式通 常是在动词原形后加-s或-es。
不可数名词作主语
不可数名词作主语时 ，谓语动词用单数形 式。
由either…or…连接并列主语
要点一
当主语由either…or…连接时，谓 语动词与最靠近它…
Either the cat or the dog is hiding under the table.（ 要么是猫，要么是狗躲在桌子下。）
要点二
如果either…or…连接的两个主语 都是复数形式，谓…
若先行词为单数可数名词或不可数名 词，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数形 式；若先行词为复数名词，定语从句 中的谓语动词用复数形式。
当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时， 谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词保 持一致。
强调句中主谓一致问题
强调句中的主谓一致问题主要涉及到强调句型“It was … that …”和“It is … that …”中谓语动词的单复数形式。
代词不一致
忽略主语情况
如“There is a pen and two books on the table.”（错误，应为 “There are a pen and two books on the table.”）
高中英语语法讲解 主谓一致 课件
当集合名词group,class,team,army
(II). family,crowd,public,government等
作主语时，如视为整体，谓语动词用单 数，视为一个个的个体，就用复数。
• My family __is_ (be) a large one.
• My family all _l_o_v_e (love) music. • Our group _a_r_e(be) reading the newspapers.
Ten years _i_s _ (be) a long time. Five times five _i_s_ (be) twenty-five. One and a half apples _i_s_ (be) lying on the plate.
(IV)1.当主语是“all,some,most,none+of+名词”
结构表示非确定数量时,谓语动词要与of
后的名词保持一致
• Most of my money w__a_s (be) stolen. • Most of the students _w_e_r_e (be)present at
the meeting. • All of the work h_a_s_ (have) been done. • All of them _w_e_r_e_ (be)saved.
一
过去分词作主语时
致
VII.从句,V-ing形式, 不定式作主语时
(I)1.用 and 或 both…and 连接两个不同概
念的名词或主语时动词要用复数谓语.
• A young man and a girl _w_a_n_t (want) to go there.
高中语法主谓一致详细讲解
高中语法主谓一致详细讲解主谓一致的讲解在英语语法中，主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
如果主语是单数，谓语动词也必须是单数形式；如果主语是复数，谓语动词也必须是复数形式。
下面我们来讲一下并列结构作主语时的主谓一致。
1.由and连接主语时当and连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时，根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数。
1) 并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时，谓语动词用复数。
例如：Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students。
(XXX和XXX是好学生。
)Like many others。
the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold。
(像许多人一样，小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子。
)Both XXX in this area。
(这个地区种植着水稻和小麦。
)2) 并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：XXX(那位教授兼作家正在会上发言。
)A XXX(一位新闻记者兼作家住在六楼。
)His XXX was with him on his trip to Europe。
(他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行。
)XXX XXX was present at the state XXX(总理兼外长出席了国宴。
)比较：XXX(作家和教育家曾来过我们学校。
)XXX(作家兼教育家曾来过我们学校。
)His lawyer and his XXX were with him on his trip to Europe。
(他的律师和他的大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行。
)注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词。
指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可。
例如：A XXX(一个男孩和一个女孩在打网球。
高中英语主谓一致(71张PPT)
A. Am; are
B. Is; are
C. Are; are
D. Is; is
以along with, together with, with, as well
as, accompanied by, rather than, but, except 连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数 以第一个主语为主。
④很多种方法都被他们尝试过了 。 译文： Many a way was tried by them.
④ “more than one + 单数名词（不止一 个…）”，“many a (许多)”虽然表 示复数含义，但谓语动词用单数。
e.g. More than one person was present at the meeting. Many a student has passed the exam.
• You have to believe in yourself. That's the secret of success. 人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。
•
neither…nor…既不…也不…,连接两个 主语时，谓语动词的数随就近的一个 。
e.g. Neither his parents nor he is interested in swimming. 就近原则 neither…nor
13、He who seize the right moment, is the right man.谁把握机遇，谁就心想事成。2023/8/262023/8/262023/8/262023/8/268/26/2023 •14、谁要是自己还没有发展培养和教育好，他就不能发展培养和教育别人。2023年8月26日星期六2023/8/262023/8/262023/8/26 •15、一年之计，莫如树谷；十年之计，莫如树木；终身之计，莫如树人。2023年8月2023/8/262023/8/262023/8/268/26/2023 •16、教学的目的是培养学生自己学习，自己研究，用自己的头脑来想，用自己的眼睛看，用自己的手来做这种精神。2023/8/262023/8/26August 26, 2023 •17、儿童是中心，教育的措施便围绕他们而组织起来。2023/8/262023/8/262023/8/262023/8/26
高中英语4-主谓一致(讲解)优秀课件
• 【考例】
• A poet and artist ____ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.〔2006江苏卷〕
• A. is B. are C. was D. were
3. 不定代词somebody, anybody, nobody, everyone, everybody, everything, nothing, no one 等作主语时， 谓语动词一般用单数
1) To take in an article means to understand an article
2) Keeping a balanced diet combined with exercise
is the recipe for a healthy life.
3) That he has been put in prison is a surprise to us. What引导的从句作主语，谓语动词视情况而定:
Not you but I __a_m__ asked to do it.
There _i_s__ a bag and some books on the desk.
• 【考例】
• Either you or the headmaster _D______ the prizes to
those gifted students at the meeting.〔1994全国卷) • A. is handing out B. are to hand out • C. are handing out D. is to hand out
高中英语语法主谓一致详细讲解
高中英语语法主谓一致详细讲解一、谓语动词与主语保持一致的原则(一)语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式，二者在语法形式上要一致。
例如：1.My brother is a college student. 我的弟弟是大学生。
2.My brothers are government officials. 我的弟弟们是政府官员。
(二)意义上的一致3.主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词要用复数。
例如：The paper is made from the wood. 纸张是木材制成的。
(这里的paper 指的不是一张纸，而是纸张的总称)4.主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词要用单数。
例如：The news in the newspaper was true. 报纸上的消息是真的。
(这里的news 意为“消息”，而不是“消息”的复数)二、就近原则也即谓语动词的人称和数与最靠近它的主语保持一致。
例如：1.Here comes the bus! 公共汽车来了！(= The bus is coming!)2.either you or she is to go. 不是你就是她走。
(注意she前面的逗号)三、惯用法上的主谓一致1.在there be句型中，动词be的形式与其后的名词保持一致。
例如：There is a book on the desk. 书桌上有一本书。
2. 有些词如“half of”，“most of ”，“none of ”，“the rest of ”，“a lot of ”，“plenty of ”等后接名词时，谓语动词的形式依这些词所表示的数的概念而定。
例如：Half of the students are from the south. 学生们中有一半是南方人。
(若接复数概念，则用复数形式)。
高中英语语法之主谓一致 课件 共22张ppt
not only……but also……
近的主语一 致
not…… but ……
2020/5/21 There be……
10
1>.__A__re__ yo▲u or he to attend tomorrow’s meeting?
2>.Either you or he ▲___i_s__ mistaken. 3>.Neither Mary nor her p▲arents ______g_o__
1>.Our class _____is__ a big one.
Our class ____a_r_e fond of music.
2020/5/21
12
2>. The population of China _______is
far larger than that of Japan.
Eighty percent of the population
5. Neither we nor she knows the stranger. 就近原则 6.He as well as his parents has been to Mount Hu. 就远原则 7. The whole class are watching a football match . 意义一致 8.There is a pen and some books on the desk . 就近原则
(二).就后一致: (即谓语动词与后面的中心词一致)
分数 + of ; 百分数 + of some of ; part of ; half o+f ;名词
most of ; the rest of ; ….
《高中主谓一致》课件
主谓一致的虚拟语气规则
与现在事实相反
使用一般过去时态表示与现在事 实相反的情况。例如：“If I
were you, I would choose this option.”
与过去事实相反
使用过去完成时态表示与过去事 实相反的情况。例如：“If he had known the answer, he
02
主谓一致的基本规 则
主谓一致的时态规则
01
02
03
一般现在时态
主语是第三人称单数时， 谓语动词加“-s”或“es”。例如：“She eats an apple every day.”
一般过去时态
不论主语是单数还是复数 ，谓语动词都用过去式。 例如：“They played football yesterday.”
would have responded immediately.”
与将来事实相反
使用过去将来时态表示与将来事 实相反的情况。例如：“If it would rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.”
03
主谓一致的特殊情 况
主谓一致在倒装句中的应用
倒装句中主谓一致的规则
现在进行时态
主语是第三人称单数时， 谓语动词加“-ing”形式 。例如：“He is eating an apple now.”
主谓一致的语态规则
主动语态
主语是动作的执行者。例如： “The cat is chasing the mouse.”
被动语态
主语是动作的承受者。例如： “The book was written by the author.”
04
主谓一致的练习与 解析
主谓一致的练习题
new重点高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解(精品文档)
高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解本文主要讲解主谓一致，并列结构作主语时谓语用复数主谓一致中的靠近原则谓语动词与前面的主语一致等常见考点。
主谓一致是指：1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
例如： Theironandsteelindustryisveryimportanttoourlife.钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。
典型例题TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitor___askedtomakeaspeechatthemeeti ng.A.isB.wasC.areD.were答案B.注：先从时态上考虑。
这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。
本题易误选D，因为TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor前没有the，在英语中，当一 Eitheryouorsheistogo.不是你去，就是她去。
Hereisapen,afewenvelopsandsomepaperforyou.给你笔、信封和纸。
15.3谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语有with,togetherwith,like,except,but,nolessthan,aswellas等词组成的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。
例如： Theteachertogetherwithsomestudentsisvisitingthefactory.教师和一些学生在参观工厂。
HeaswellasIwantstogoboating.他和我想去划船。
15.5指代意义决定谓语的单复数1）代词what,which,who,none,some,any,more,most,all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。
例如：Allisright. 一切顺利。
Allarepresent. 人都到齐了。
2）集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。
高中英语主谓一致讲解 (共23张PPT)
4★. one of + 名词复数作主语，谓语动词用__单__数__.
在定语从句中，one of + 名词复数作先行词时，从句 谓语动词用___复__数___. the only one of + 名词复数作先行 词时，从句谓语动词用__单__数____.
it very much.
4. —Is everyone here?
—Not yet ... Look, there ___c_o_m_e__ (come)
the rest of our colleagues!
5. The chief editor together with his editors ____is____ (be) discussing the new law about
1.Not only we but also Jane _______ the secret. A. Know B. knows C. have known D. is known
2. A library with five thousand books____ to the nation as a gift.
如为系表结构，系动词要由表语的名词来决定。
What he said surprises us
What he told me and what he did make me forgive him.
How and when to start the job is still a question.
What she gives to me are just some books.
2. ten dollars __ha_s(have) been wasted.
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高中英语动词主谓一致复习概念：主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语的人称和数保持一致分类：语法一致，就近一致和意义一致。
一、语法一致：主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用______形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用______形式。
e.g. I often help him and he often helps me. We often help each other.不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用______；可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用______。
1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语：如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候,谓语动词用复数，若指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数①The worker and writer _ _____(be) from Wuhan.那个工人兼作家②The worker and the writer __ ____ (be) from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家③Bread and butter ______our daily food.2. 动名词，不定式，主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用______形式。
①Reading is a great pleasure in life.②To live means to create.③That we need more time is obvious.④What is needed is food and medicine.3.定语从句的<关系代词who, which, that>在从句中作主语时，要与<先行词>的人称和数保持一致。
eg. Those who enjoy singing may join us.Tom, who is your friend, should help you.4. 主语后跟有with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including，rather than,等引起的短语,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。
eg. I think Tom , rather than you, is to blame for the accident.二．意义一致1.主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
例句：①Each doctor and（each）nurse was given a new shirt.②No sound and no voice is heard.③Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.④Every minute and every second is precious.2.表示时间，金钱，距离，重量的复数名词表示数量做主语时，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
①Three thousand miles is a long distance.②Eight hours of sleep is enough.③Ten dollars is enough for him.④Fifty kilograms is not too long to be carried3 不定代词anyone, anything, everyone, everything, someone, something, no one, nothing, each the other 等做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
例句：①Is anybody going to tell him the news ?②Someone wants to see you.③Anybody who breaks the rule will be punished.4. all, some, any, more, most, none, half, a lot of , lots of ,plenty of，the rest/ the majority, 分数，百分数+ 名词做主语，谓语动词单复数取决于它们所表示的意义eg. Half of the apple ___________rotten. (be)Half of the apples ____________rotten. (be)30% of the liquid _____alcohol .(be)30% of the books __________in English. (be)三．就近原则1、由连词or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, 连接的两个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词和离它最______的哪个名词或代词的人称和数一致。
例句：①. Either you or Jean is to be sent to New Zealand.②. Not only his family but also he likes Chaplin’s movies.③. Neither Tom nor the Browns enjoy their journey to Beijing owing to the bad weather.④. George or Tom is wanted.2、注意：There be句型中be 的形式由它后面的第一个名词的数决定。
例句：①. There aren’t any letters in the mail for you today.②. There is a lamp, two pens and three books on the desk.③. Here are some envelopes and paper for you.高考真题演练1.The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _____ （be）saved for other purposes.2.One third of the country ______covered with trees and the majority of the citizens_______black people.(be)3.Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who _______ (wear) evening dress.4.Listening to loud music at rock concerts （cause）hearing loss in some teenagers.5.The teacher together with the students ______discussing Reading Skills that ______ newly published in America. (be)6.—Did you go to the show last night?—Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area invited.(be)7. A survey of the opinions of experts (show)that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _____ (be)good for8. A poet and artist (be) coming to speak9.The father as well as his three children ____ (go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.10.As you can see, the number of cars on roads _______ (keep) rising these days.11.Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others _____(be) essential to therir development.12.All the scientific evidence________(show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming______(be) damaging ourhealth.13.Mr.Black,as well as the professor who_____(come) from Pecking University, ____(be) to attend our school meeting.改错练习：14.Bill was standing at the side of the car，talking to two men who was helping him to repair it.15.Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.16.Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.17.But then there is always more mysteries to look into.18.But not all information are good to society.19.So then，a concert cost so much. I may just listen to music.20.If I listen to my own records，there are no need to spend money.21.…you will probably want to join the Stamp Collectors‘ Club which exist to add more stamps to your collection.22.One evening she told me that something happened when their parents was out.23.More than 3,000 students took exams for it, but only a few was chosen.24.Living in a boarding school make me independent, which has a great effect on me.【典型例题】[例1] E-mail, as well as telephones, _____ an important part in daily communication.A. is playingB. have playedC. are playingD. play分析：带有as well as 短语的名词做主语时，谓语动词与这个名词的人称和数一致，不受as well as 短语内容的影响。