济南大学计算机专业英语第一章答案解析

Homework of Chapter One

1. Chapter 1 Multiple Choice

Select the best answer for each question below. When you are finished, check your answers by clicking the 'Check Answers' button at the bottom of the page.

1. People, procedures, software, hardware, and data are the five parts of a(n)

competency system

computer system

information system?

software system

2. Procedures are typically documented in manuals written by

computer specialists?

end users

Microsoft

service providers

3. Which of the following is an example of connectivity?

data

hard disk

Internet?

power cord

4. Windows 7 is an example of a(n)

application software

browser

operating system?

shareware

5. The most powerful type of computer.

mainframe computers

microcomputers

minicomputers

supercomputers?

6. The system component that controls and manipulates data in order to produce information is called the

keyboard

microprocessor?

monitor

mouse

7. These devices translate data and programs that humans can understand into a form that the computer can process.

display

input?

output

pointer

8. A DVD is an example of a(n)

hard disk

optical disc?

output device

solid-state storage device

9. This type of file is created by word processors.

worksheet

document?

database

presentation

10. Many experts are predicting that this revolution is expected to dramatically affect the way we communicate and use computer technology.

graphics

input

memory

wireless?

2. Chapter 1 Matching

Match the definitions with the terms in the box to the right by entering the letter for each term next to its correct definition below.

1. e Guidelines people follow when using software.

2. f Consists of the step-by-step instructions that tell the computer how to do its work.

3. i Software that enables the application software to interact with the computer hardware.

4. h The most powerful type of computer.

5. a The least powerful and most widely used type of computer.

6. c Translates the processed information from the computer into a form that humans can understand.

7. g Holds data and programs even after electrical power to the system has been turned off.

9. d A type of handheld computer.

10. j The largest network in the world.

3. Chapter 1 Open-Ended Questions

⑴. Explain the five parts of an information system. What part do people play in this system?

An information system typically consists of: people, procedures, software, hardware, data, and connectivity. Information systems are used by people in order to increase productivity. Procedures are rules or guidelines for people to follow when using software, hardware, and data. Software is a program that contains the step-by-step instructions that tell the computer how to do its work. Hardware consists of the physical equipment that processes the data to create information. Data consists of raw unprocessed facts, including text, numbers, images, and sounds. Almost all of today's computer systems add an additional part to the information system. This part, called connectivity,typically uses the Internet and allows users to greatly expand the capability and usefulness of their information systems.

⑵. What is system software? What kinds of programs are included in system software?

System software is “b ackground” software that enables the application software to interact with the computer. System software consists of the operating system, utilities, device drivers, and language translators. It works with application software to handle the majority of technical details.

⑶. Define and compare basic and specialized application software.

- Describe some different types of basic applications.

- Describe some types of specialized applications.

Basic or general-purpose applications are widely used in a large number of careers. One of these general-purpose applications is a browser to navigate, explore, and find information on the Internet.Other basic a pplications are word processors, spreadsheets, database management systems, and presentation graphics.

Specialized applications are programs that are narrowly focused on specific disciplines and occupations. Some of the best known are multimedia, Web authoring, graphics, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence.

⑷. Describe the different types of computers.

- What is the most common type?

- What are the types of microcomputers?

There are four types of computers: supercomputers, mainframe computers, midrange and microcomputers.

Microcomputers are the least powerful, yet the most widely used type of computer.

There are four types of microcomputers: desktop computers, notebooks, tablets, and handheld computers.

⑸. What is connectivity? What are wireless devices and the wireless revolution? What is a computer network? What are the Internet and the Web? What is cloud computing?

Connectivity is the capability of the microcomputer to use information from the world beyond one’s desk. Data and information ca n be sent over telephone or cable lines and through the air so that computers can talk to each other and share information.

Wireless devices are wireless mouse, wireless network card and wireless modem etc.

Wireless revolution is a revolution that is expected to dramatically affect the way we communicate and use computer technology.

Computer network is a communication system connecting two or more computers and their peripheral devices to exchange information and share resources.

Internet is a huge computer network available to everyone with a microcomputer and a means to connect to it. It is the actual physical network made up of wires, cables, and satellites as opposed to the Web, which is the multimedia interface to resources available on the Internet.

Cloud computing is that data are stored at a server on the Internet and available anywhere the Internet can be accessed.

4. Chapter 1 True / False Questions

1. The parts of an information system are: people, procedures, software, hardware, data, and connectivity.

True False

2. The purpose of software is to convert data into information.

True False

3. Software is another name for a program or programs.

True False

4. To be a competent computer user, you must understand the essentials of information technology (IT).

True False

5. Application software is "background" software which helps the computer manage its own internal resources.

True False

6. System software is a collection of programs.

True False

7. Antivirus software is a Windows utility that is unnecessary as long as you are careful browsing the Internet.

True False

8. System software might be described as end user software.

True False

9. A browser is an example of system software.

True False

10. Another name for a midrange computer is server.

True False